Unity手游：自动寻路Navmesh 跳跃 攀爬 斜坡

原地址：http://dong2008hong.blog.163.com/blog/static/46968827201403114644210/

步骤

1.在场景中摆放各种模型，包括地板，斜坡，山体，扶梯等
2.为所有的模型加上Navigation Static和OffMeshLink Generatic(这个根据需要，例如地板与斜坡相连，斜坡就不需要添加OffMeshLink)
3.特殊处理扶梯，需要手动添加Off Mesh Link，设置好开始点和结束点
4.保存场景，烘焙场景
5.添加角色模型，为其加Nav Mesh Agent组件
6.为角色添加一个新脚本，AgentLocomotion.cs,用来处理自动寻路，已经角色动画变换。代码比较长，大家可以结合注释来理解

using UnityEngine;

using System.Collections;

 

public class AgentLocomotion : MonoBehaviour

{

    private Vector3 target;//目标位置

    private NavMeshAgent agent;

    private Animation anim;//动画

    private string locoState = "Locomotion_Stand";

    private Vector3 linkStart;//OffMeshLink的开始点

    private Vector3 linkEnd;//OffMeshLink的结束点

    private Quaternion linkRotate;//OffMeshLink的旋转

    private bool begin;//是否开始寻路

 

    // Use this for initialization

    void Start()

    {

        agent = GetComponent<NavMeshAgent>();

        //自动移动并关闭OffMeshLinks,即在两个隔离障碍物直接生成的OffMeshLink，agent不会自动越过

        agent.autoTraverseOffMeshLink = false;

        //创建动画

        AnimationSetup();

        //起一个协程，处理动画状态机

        StartCoroutine(AnimationStateMachine());

    }

 

    void Update()

    {

        //鼠标左键点击

        if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0))

        {

            //摄像机到点击位置的的射线

            Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay(Input.mousePosition);

            RaycastHit hit;

            if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out hit))

            {

                //判断点击的是否地形

                if (hit.collider.tag.Equals("Obstacle"))

                {

                    begin = true;

                    //点击位置坐标

                    target = hit.point;

                }

            }

        }

        //每一帧，设置目标点

        if (begin)

        {

            agent.SetDestination(target);

        }

    }

 

    IEnumerator AnimationStateMachine()

    {

        //根据locoState不同的状态来处理，调用相关的函数

        while (Application.isPlaying)

        {

            yield return StartCoroutine(locoState);

        }

    }

 

    //站立

    IEnumerator Locomotion_Stand()

    {

        do

        {

            UpdateAnimationBlend();

            yield return new WaitForSeconds(0);

        } while (agent.remainingDistance == 0);

        //未到达目标点，转到下一个状态Locomotion_Move

        locoState = "Locomotion_Move";

        yield return null;

    }

 

    IEnumerator Locomotion_Move()

    {

        do

        {

            UpdateAnimationBlend();

            yield return new WaitForSeconds(0);

            //角色处于OffMeshLink，根据不同的地点，选择不同动画

            if (agent.isOnOffMeshLink)

            {

                locoState = SelectLinkAnimation();

                return (true);

            }

        } while (agent.remainingDistance != 0);

        //已经到达目标点，状态转为Stand

        locoState = "Locomotion_Stand";

        yield return null;

    }

 

    IEnumerator Locomotion_Jump()

    {

        //播放跳跃动画

        string linkAnim = "RunJump";

        Vector3 posStart = transform.position;

 

        agent.Stop(true);

        anim.CrossFade(linkAnim, 0.1f, PlayMode.StopAll);

        transform.rotation = linkRotate;

 

        do

        {

            //计算新的位置

            float tlerp = anim[linkAnim].normalizedTime;

            Vector3 newPos = Vector3.Lerp(posStart, linkEnd, tlerp);

            newPos.y += 0.4f * Mathf.Sin(3.14159f * tlerp);

            transform.position = newPos;

 

            yield return new WaitForSeconds(0);

        } while (anim[linkAnim].normalizedTime < 1);

        //动画恢复到Idle

        anim.Play("Idle");

        agent.CompleteOffMeshLink();

        agent.Resume();

        //下一个状态为Stand

        transform.position = linkEnd;

        locoState = "Locomotion_Stand";

        yield return null;

    }

    //梯子

    IEnumerator Locomotion_Ladder()

    {

        //梯子的中心位置

        Vector3 linkCenter = (linkStart + linkEnd) * 0.5f;

        string linkAnim;

        //判断是在梯子上还是梯子下

        if (transform.position.y > linkCenter.y)

            linkAnim = "Ladder Down";

        else

            linkAnim = "Ladder Up";

 

        agent.Stop(true);

 

        Quaternion startRot = transform.rotation;

        Vector3 startPos = transform.position;

        float blendTime = 0.2f;

        float tblend = 0f;

 

        //角色的位置插值变化（0.2内变化）

        do

        {

            transform.position = Vector3.Lerp(startPos, linkStart, tblend / blendTime);

            transform.rotation = Quaternion.Lerp(startRot, linkRotate, tblend / blendTime);

 

            yield return new WaitForSeconds(0);

            tblend += Time.deltaTime;

        } while (tblend < blendTime);

        //设置位置

        transform.position = linkStart;

        //播放动画

        anim.CrossFade(linkAnim, 0.1f, PlayMode.StopAll);

        agent.ActivateCurrentOffMeshLink(false);

        //等待动画结束

        do

        {

            yield return new WaitForSeconds(0);

        } while (anim[linkAnim].normalizedTime < 1);

        agent.ActivateCurrentOffMeshLink(true);

        //恢复Idle状态

        anim.Play("Idle");

        transform.position = linkEnd;

        agent.CompleteOffMeshLink();

        agent.Resume();

        //下一个状态Stand

        locoState = "Locomotion_Stand";

        yield return null;

    }

 

    private string SelectLinkAnimation()

    {

        //获得当前的OffMeshLink数据

        OffMeshLinkData link = agent.currentOffMeshLinkData;

        //计算角色当前是在link的开始点还是结束点（因为OffMeshLink是双向的）

        float distS = (transform.position - link.startPos).magnitude;

        float distE = (transform.position - link.endPos).magnitude;

 

        if (distS < distE)

        {

            linkStart = link.startPos;

            linkEnd = link.endPos;

        }

        else

        {

            linkStart = link.endPos;

            linkEnd = link.startPos;

        }

        //OffMeshLink的方向

        Vector3 alignDir = linkEnd - linkStart;

        //忽略y轴

        alignDir.y = 0;

        //计算旋转角度

        linkRotate = Quaternion.LookRotation(alignDir);

 

        //判断OffMeshLink是手动的（楼梯）还是自动生成的（跳跃）

        if (link.linkType == OffMeshLinkType.LinkTypeManual)

        {

            return ("Locomotion_Ladder");

        }

        else

        {

            return ("Locomotion_Jump");

        }

    }

 

    private void AnimationSetup()

    {

        anim = GetComponent<Animation>();

 

        // 把walk和run动画放到同一层，然后同步他们的速度。

        anim["Walk"].layer = 1;

        anim["Run"].layer = 1;

        anim.SyncLayer(1);

 

        //设置“跳跃”，“爬楼梯”，“下楼梯”的动画模式和速度

        anim["RunJump"].wrapMode = WrapMode.ClampForever;

        anim["RunJump"].speed = 2;

        anim["Ladder Up"].wrapMode = WrapMode.ClampForever;

        anim["Ladder Up"].speed = 2;

        anim["Ladder Down"].wrapMode = WrapMode.ClampForever;

        anim["Ladder Down"].speed = 2;

 

        //初始化动画状态为Idle

        anim.CrossFade("Idle", 0.1f, PlayMode.StopAll);

    }

    //更新动画融合

    private void UpdateAnimationBlend()

    {

        //行走速度

        float walkAnimationSpeed = 1.5f;

        //奔跑速度

        float runAnimationSpeed = 4.0f;

        //速度阀值（idle和walk的临界点）

        float speedThreshold = 0.1f;

 

        //速度，只考虑x和z

        Vector3 velocityXZ = new Vector3(agent.velocity.x, 0.0f, agent.velocity.z);

        //速度值

        float speed = velocityXZ.magnitude;

        //设置Run动画的速度

        anim["Run"].speed = speed / runAnimationSpeed;

        //设置Walk动画的速度

        anim["Walk"].speed = speed / walkAnimationSpeed;

 

        //根据agent的速度大小，确定animation的播放状态

        if (speed > (walkAnimationSpeed + runAnimationSpeed) / 2)

        {

            anim.CrossFade("Run");

        }

        else if (speed > speedThreshold)

        {

            anim.CrossFade("Walk");

        }

        else

        {

            anim.CrossFade("Idle", 0.1f, PlayMode.StopAll);

        }

    }

}

效果图如下，点击任何一个地点，角色都可以自动寻路过去。中间可能经过不同的障碍物，我们可以看到角色如我们所预料的一样，可以跳跃下来，可以爬楼梯，最终到达目标点。

总结 

今天的这个例子比较复杂，要根据寻路网格的类型，来处理角色的动作是普通寻路，还是攀爬，抑或跳跃。这个例子应该是比较接近真实项目了。大家在实际项目中如果还有更加复杂的寻路，欢迎探讨。
源码

http://pan.baidu.com/s/1i35cVOD