JBehave

JBehave

上篇我们说到如何从Github上clone出一个JBehave项目，既是为了学习JBehava，也是为了熟悉下Github。
从clone下来的项目看来，基本没什么问题，稍微捋一捋就可以运行，但是就clone下来的代码来看，自己还是遇到一个问题（不知道是代码问题，还是我自己的操作有问题），就是没有办法运行（后面会详说）。
正如上篇所说，构建一个JBehave的应用的5大步骤：

1. Write story
2. Map steps to Java
3. Configure Stories
4. Run Stories
5. View Reports

这里，我们结合clone下来的项目分别对应这五个步骤了解JBehave是如何运行的并完成测试的。
1.Write story，设定一个story，给出一个情景，使用通用语言进行表示，不管是开发或是非开发的都能看懂
本项目有两个测试案例，一个是模拟登录的story:

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loginYahoo.story： Narrative:   In order to show the yahoo function As a user I want to login yahoo   Scenario: normal login   Given yahoo login address by.bouncer.login.yahoo.com Then print successful

　　

另一个是模拟浏览的story:

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TestStroies.story： Browse Etsy.com   Meta: @category browsing @color red     Narrative:   In order to show the browsing cart functionality As a user I want to browse in a gallery   Scenario: Browsing around the site for items   Given I am on localhost Then print hello world   !--Examples: !--|host|hello| !--|localhost|hello world| !--|www.baidu.com|hello baidu|

　　

2.Map steps to Java， 将上述的每个story细分成每一个step，给出Given条件，则会得到Then的结果，从而将通用语言转换成可以通过代码逻辑描述的问题
loginYahoo.story对应的steps类TestLogin.java:

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public class TestLogin {         @Given("yahoo login address $url")         public void getHostPage(String url){             System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"+url);         }           @Then("print $successful")         public void hello(String successful){             System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"+successful);         } }

　　

TestStories.story对应的steps类TestStep.java:

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public class TestStep {     @Given("I am on $host")     public void getHostPage(String host){         System.out.println("----------------------"+host);     }       @Then("print $hello")     public void hello(String hello){         System.out.println("----------------------"+hello);     } }

　　

3.Configure Stories 配置一些映射关系，比如如何找到并加载story文件等

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public class EmbedderBase extends Embedder{       @Override     public EmbedderControls embedderControls() {         return new EmbedderControls().doIgnoreFailureInStories(true).doIgnoreFailureInView(true);     }        @Override     public  Configuration configuration() {         Class<? extends EmbedderBase> embedderClass = this.getClass();       //MostUsefulConfiguration使用默认的配置         return new MostUsefulConfiguration()             //设置story文件的加载路径             .useStoryLoader(new LoadFromClasspath(embedderClass.getClassLoader()))             //设定生成报告的相关配置             .useStoryReporterBuilder(new StoryReporterBuilder()                 .withCodeLocation(CodeLocations.codeLocationFromClass(embedderClass))                 .withFormats(Format.CONSOLE, Format.TXT)                 .withCrossReference(new CrossReference()))              //设定相关参数的转换             .useParameterConverters(new ParameterConverters()                     .addConverters(new DateConverter(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd")))) // use custom date pattern             .useStepMonitor(new SilentStepMonitor());                                  } }

　　

4.Run Stories

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public class TraderStoryRunner {     @Test(groups={"test"})     public void runClasspathLoadedStoriesAsJUnit() {         // Embedder defines the configuration and candidate steps         Embedder embedder = new TestStories();         List<String> storyPaths = new StoryFinder().findPaths(CodeLocations.codeLocationFromClass(this.getClass()),"**/TestStories.story",""); // use StoryFinder to look up paths         embedder.runStoriesAsPaths(storyPaths);     }     @Test(groups={"test"})     public void runClasspathLoadedStories() {         // Embedder defines the configuration and candidate steps         Embedder embedder = new loginYahoo();         List<String> storyPaths = new StoryFinder().findPaths(CodeLocations.codeLocationFromClass(this.getClass()),"**/loginYahoo.story",""); // use StoryFinder to look up paths         embedder.runStoriesAsPaths(storyPaths);     } }

　　

这里可以看出，声明了两个类TestStories和loginYahoo。
TestStories.java

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public class TestStories extends EmbedderBase {       @Override     public InjectableStepsFactory stepsFactory() {         return new InstanceStepsFactory(configuration(), new TestStep());//设定需要映射的step类     }    }

　　

loginYahoo.java:

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public class loginYahoo extends EmbedderBase {        @Override     public InjectableStepsFactory stepsFactory() {         return new InstanceStepsFactory(configuration(), new TestLogin());//设定需要映射的step类     }    }

　　

这两个类是一个桥梁的作用，用于设定从story到step的映射，注意这里的两个类是继承类EmbedderBase的，而EmbedderBase类又是Embedder的子类。

这是项目给出的测试类TraderStoryRunner，但是这里有一个问题，就是没有找到运行的入口，点击右键，除了一些maven的操作，并没有其他可以运行的指标，比如junit。
所以通过摸索，按照自己的方法，发现首先要做的就是添加junit测试库，这是必须的。具体步骤：
右键项目->Build path->Configured build path

打开对话框，选择Libraries->Add Library->JUnit,点击next，选择junit4->finished。

添加完Junit后，新建一个Junit测试类

将TraderStoryRunner类的主体方法放进去，命名为Tc.java

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import static org.junit.Assert.*; import java.util.List; import org.jbehave.core.embedder.Embedder; import org.jbehave.core.io.CodeLocations; import org.jbehave.core.io.StoryFinder; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.AfterClass; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.BeforeClass; import org.junit.Test;   import com.story.TestStories; import com.story.loginYahoo; public class Tc {  @BeforeClass  public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {  }  @AfterClass  public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception {  }  @Before  public void setUp() throws Exception {  }  @After  public void tearDown() throws Exception {  }     // @Test : 表示这是一个测试用例，只有标识了改符号的函数才会被执行测试    @Test  public void runClasspathLoadedStoriesAsJUnit() {      // Embedder defines the configuration and candidate steps      Embedder embedder = new TestStories();      List<String> storyPaths = new StoryFinder().findPaths(CodeLocations.codeLocationFromClass(this.getClass()),"**/TestStories.story",""); // use StoryFinder to look up paths      embedder.runStoriesAsPaths(storyPaths);  }     @Test  public void runClasspathLoadedStories() {      // Embedder defines the configuration and candidate steps      Embedder embedder = new loginYahoo();      List<String> storyPaths = new StoryFinder().findPaths(CodeLocations.codeLocationFromClass(this.getClass()),"**/loginYahoo.story",""); // use StoryFinder to look up paths      embedder.runStoriesAsPaths(storyPaths);  } }

至此，这个项目是可以运行起来了。

5.View Reports
点击运行上面的Tc.java类，可以得到：

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Processing system properties {} Using controls EmbedderControls[batch=false,skip=false,generateViewAfterStories=true,ignoreFailureInStories=false,ignoreFailureInView=false,verboseFailures=false,verboseFiltering=false,storyTimeoutInSecs=300,threads=1]   (BeforeStories)   Running story com/story/TestStories.story Narrative: In order to show the browsing cart functionality As a user I want to browse in a gallery Browse Etsy.com (com/story/TestStories.story) Meta: @category browsing @color red   Scenario: Browsing around the site for items ----------------------localhost Given I am on localhost ----------------------hello world   !--Examples: !--|host|hello| !--|localhost|hello world| !--|www.baidu.com|hello baidu| Then print hello world   !--Examples: !--|host|hello| !--|localhost|hello world| !--|www.baidu.com|hello baidu|       (AfterStories)   Generating reports view to 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Git\Jbehave\TestBehave_v2_testng\target\jbehave' using formats '[console, txt]' and view properties '{defaultFormats=stats, decorateNonHtml=true, viewDirectory=view, decorated=ftl/jbehave-report-decorated.ftl, reports=ftl/jbehave-reports-with-totals.ftl, maps=ftl/jbehave-maps.ftl, navigator=ftl/jbehave-navigator.ftl, views=ftl/jbehave-views.ftl, nonDecorated=ftl/jbehave-report-non-decorated.ftl}' Reports view generated with 0 stories (of which 0 pending) containing 0 scenarios (of which 0 pending) Processing system properties {} Using controls EmbedderControls[batch=false,skip=false,generateViewAfterStories=true,ignoreFailureInStories=false,ignoreFailureInView=false,verboseFailures=false,verboseFiltering=false,storyTimeoutInSecs=300,threads=1]   (BeforeStories)   Running story com/story/loginYahoo.story Narrative: In order to show the yahoo function As a user I want to login yahoo   (com/story/loginYahoo.story) Scenario: normal login ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++by.bouncer.login.yahoo.com Given yahoo login address by.bouncer.login.yahoo.com ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++successful Then print successful       (AfterStories)   Generating reports view to 'C:\Program Files (x86)\Git\Jbehave\TestBehave_v2_testng\target\jbehave' using formats '[console, txt]' and view properties '{defaultFormats=stats, decorateNonHtml=true, viewDirectory=view, decorated=ftl/jbehave-report-decorated.ftl, reports=ftl/jbehave-reports-with-totals.ftl, maps=ftl/jbehave-maps.ftl, navigator=ftl/jbehave-navigator.ftl, views=ftl/jbehave-views.ftl, nonDecorated=ftl/jbehave-report-non-decorated.ftl}' Reports view generated with 0 stories (of which 0 pending) containing 0 scenarios (of which 0 pending)

　大体的思路，是将story和step对应起来，将story中的条件、参数传入step对应的类中，如果满足则通过测试，得到then给出的结果，否则得不到理想的结果。