用yum快速搭建LAMP平台与虚拟域名配置

实验环境：

[root@nmserver-7 html]# cat  /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 7.3.1611 (AltArch)
[root@nmserver-7 html]# uname -a
Linux nmserver-7.test.com 3.10.0-514.el7.centos.plus.i686 #1 SMP Wed Jan 25 12:55:04 UTC 2017 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

1、安装apache

　　1.1 安装apache

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install httpd httpd-devel

　　1.2 启动apache服务

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl start  httpd

　　1.3 设置httpd服务开机启动

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl enable  httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.

　　1.4 查看服务状态

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl status httpd
● httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 五 2017-07-21 17:21:37 CST; 6min ago
     Docs: man:httpd(8)
           man:apachectl(8)
 Main PID: 2449 (httpd)
   Status: "Total requests: 11; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic:   0 B/sec"
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service
           ├─2449 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2450 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2451 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2452 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2453 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2454 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2493 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           ├─2494 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND
           └─2495 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

7月 21 17:21:35 nmserver-7.test.com systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
7月 21 17:21:36 nmserver-7.test.com httpd[2449]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully q...ssage
7月 21 17:21:37 nmserver-7.test.com systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

　　1.5 防火墙设置开启80端口

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public  --add-service=http
success
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public  --add-service=https
success
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

　　1.6确认80端口监听中

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# netstat -tulp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:ssh             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1084/sshd
tcp        0      0 localhost:smtp          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1486/master
tcp6       0      0 [::]:ssh                [::]:*                  LISTEN      1084/sshd
tcp6       0      0 localhost:smtp          [::]:*                  LISTEN      1486/master
tcp6       0      0 [::]:http               [::]:*                  LISTEN      2449/httpd
udp        0      0 localhost:323           0.0.0.0:*                           592/chronyd
udp6       0      0 localhost:323           [::]:*                              592/chronyd   

　　1.8 查服务器IP

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:56:bc:cf brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.8.9/24 brd 192.168.8.255 scope global ens33
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe56:bccf/64 scope link
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: bridge0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN qlen 1000
    link/ether ea:89:d5:c7:32:73 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

　　1.9 浏览器登陆

2、安装mysql

　　2.1安装mysql

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install mariadb mariadb-server mariadb-libs mariadb-devel

root@nmserver-7 ~]# rpm -qa |grep maria
mariadb-libs-5.5.52-1.el7.i686
mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.i686
mariadb-server-5.5.52-1.el7.i686
mariadb-devel-5.5.52-1.el7.i686

　　2.2 开启mysql服务，并设置开机启动，检查mysql状态

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl start  mariadb
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl enable  mariadb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# systemctl status  mariadb
● mariadb.service - MariaDB database server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 六 2017-07-22 21:19:20 CST; 21s ago
 Main PID: 9603 (mysqld_safe)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
           ├─9603 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
           └─9760 /usr/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/v...

7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:15 nmserver-7.test.com mariadb-prepare-db-dir[9524]: ...
7月 22 21:19:16 nmserver-7.test.com mysqld_safe[9603]: 170722 21...
7月 22 21:19:16 nmserver-7.test.com mysqld_safe[9603]: 170722 21...
7月 22 21:19:20 nmserver-7.test.com systemd[1]: Started MariaDB ...

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# netstat -tulp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:ssh             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1084/sshd
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:mysql           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9760/mysqld
tcp6       0      0 [::]:ssh                [::]:*                  LISTEN      1084/sshd
tcp6       0      0 [::]:http               [::]:*                  LISTEN      2449/httpd
udp        0      0 localhost:323           0.0.0.0:*                           592/chronyd
udp6       0      0 localhost:323           [::]:*                              592/chronyd 

　　2.3 数据库安全设置

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mysql_secure_installation 

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n
 ... skipping.

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

　　2.4 登陆数据库测试

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 11
Server version: 5.5.52-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 

3、安装PHP

　　3.1 安装php

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum -y install php

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# rpm -ql php
/etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf
/etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/10-php.conf
/usr/lib/httpd/modules/libphp5.so
/usr/share/httpd/icons/php.gif
/var/lib/php/session

　　3.2 将php与mysql关联起来

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install php-mysql
[root@nmserver-7 ~]# rpm -ql php-mysql
/etc/php.d/mysql.ini
/etc/php.d/mysqli.ini
/etc/php.d/pdo_mysql.ini
/usr/lib/php/modules/mysql.so
/usr/lib/php/modules/mysqli.so
/usr/lib/php/modules/pdo_mysql.so

　　3.3 安装常用PHP模块

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# yum install -y php-gd php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-snmp php-soap curl curl-devel php-bcmath

　　3.4 测试PHP

[root@nmserver-7 ~]# cd  /var/www/html/
[root@nmserver-7 html]# ls
[root@nmserver-7 html]# pwd
/var/www/html
[root@nmserver-7 html]# vi info.php

<?php
        phpinfo();
?>
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~                                                                                        
~       
:wq

　　3.5重启apache服务器

[root@nmserver-7 html]# systemctl restart http

　　3.6测试PHP

　　在自己电脑浏览器输入 192.168.8.9/info.php，你可以看到已经安装的模块；

4、虚拟主机：基于主机地址

（1）配置主机地址www.test.com的虚拟主机

#vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/blog.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/var/www/blog"
    ServerName blog.test.com
    ErrorLog "/var/log/blog-error_log"
    CustomLog "/var/log/blog-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
<Directory "/var/www/blog">
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted
</Directory>

（2）创建目录,修改属主,准备主页

mkdir /var/www/blog
chown -R apache.apache /var/www/blog
echo "blog.test.com" >>/var/www/blog/index.html

（3）检查配置文件和重启服务

httpd -t
systemctl restart httpd 

（4）修改windows的hosts文件

编辑：C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts添加一下记录
192.168.137.200 blog.test.com

（5）使用windows的浏览器测试访问虚拟机上的网址

　部分内容来自于：https://www.cnblogs.com/me80/p/7218883.html