SpringJdbc 【springjdbc的使用方法】

1 什么是springjdbc

　　spring对jdbc的封装

2 使用SpringJdbc的编程步骤

　　2.1 导包

　　　　spring-jdbc : springjdbc的包
　　　　mysql ： MySQL的驱动包
　　　　dbcp ：数据库连接池
　　　　spring-webmvc : springmvc框架包
　　　　annotation ：@resource需要用到的包，该包在Tomcat中有，如果是web项目而且运行环境是Tomcat的话就不需要导入这个包了
　　　　junit ： 单元测试包

　　2.2 添加spring配置文件

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
     xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
     xsi:schemaLocation="
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd">

 </beans>

spring配置文件

　　2.3 添加含有数据库信息的的properties文件

driverClassName=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@176.114.0.23:1521:orcl
username=jsd1608
password=jsd1608
maxactive=1
maxwait=3000

properties文件【oracle】

 driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
 url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/xiangxu
 username=root
 password=182838
 maxActive=1
 maxWait=3000

properties文件【MySQL】

　　2.4 在spring配置文件中配置 Jdbc Temple

　　　　2.4.1 配置properties的bean

　　　　2.4.2 配置数据库链接池

　　　　2.4.3 配置jdbcTemplate

　　2.5 在spring配置文件中配置注解扫描

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
     xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
     xsi:schemaLocation="
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa-1.3.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd">

     <!-- 读取config.properties文件 -->
     <util:properties id="config"
     location="classpath:config.properties"/>

     <!-- 配置连接池 -->
     <bean id="ds"
     class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
        destroy-method="close">
       <property name="driverClassName"
       value="#{config.driverClassName}" />
       <property name="url"
       value="#{config.url}" />
       <property name="username"
       value="#{config.username}" />
       <property name="password"
       value="#{config.password}" />
     </bean>

     <!-- 配置jdbcTemplate -->
     <bean id="jt" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
         <property name="dataSource" ref="ds"></property>
     </bean>

     <!-- 组件扫描 -->
     <context:component-scan base-package="dao"></context:component-scan>

 </beans>

配置好的spring配置文件

3 利用springjdbc中JdbcTemplate类中的方法去实现数据库操作

 package dao;

 import java.io.Serializable;
 import java.sql.ResultSet;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.List;

 import javax.annotation.Resource;

 import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
 import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
 import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

 import entity.Admin;

 @Repository("adminDao")
 public class AdminDao implements Serializable {
     /**
      * JdbcTemplate提供了很多方法
      *         这些方法对jdbc api做了封装，从而简化了代码；不再需要考虑获取连接，关闭连接。
      * 另外，如果发生了异常，会自动封装成RuntimeException然后抛出
      * @param emp
      */
     @Resource(name="jt")
     private JdbcTemplate jt;

     /**
      * 向数据库插入数据
      * @param
      */
     public void insert(Admin admin) {
         String sql = "INSERT INTO admin "
                 + "(name, password, gender) "
                 + "VALUES "
                 + "(?,?,?) ";
         Object [] args = {admin.getName(), admin.getPassword(), admin.getGender()};
         jt.update(sql, args); // update() 这个方法可以完成：插入 删除 修改 都能完成
     } 

     /**
      * 查询数据库中的所有数据
      * @return
      */
     public List<Admin> findAll() {
         List<Admin> admins = new ArrayList<Admin>();
         String sql = "SELECT * "
                 + "FROM admin ";
         admins = jt.query(sql, new AdminRowMapper());  // query() 方法可以实现 查询 功能
         return admins;
     }

     /**
      * 查询满足条件的员工信息（bug版）
      * @param id
      * @return
      */
     public Admin findById(Integer id) {
         Admin admin = null;
         String sql = "SELECT * "
                 + "FROM admin "
                 + "WHERE id = ? ";
         Object [] args = {id};
         admin = jt.queryForObject(sql, args, new AdminRowMapper());
         return admin;
     }

 //    查询满足条件的用户所有信息（加强版）
     public Admin findById2(Integer id) {
         Admin admin = null;
         String sql = "SELECT * "
                 + "FROM admin "
                 + "WHERE id = ? ";
         Object [] args = {id};
         List<Admin> admins = jt.query(sql, args, new AdminRowMapper());
         if(admins != null && admins.size() > 0) {
             admin = admins.get(0);
         }
         return admin;
     }

 //    修改满足指定条件的员工信息
     public void modify(Admin admin){
         String sql = "UPDATE admin "
                 + "SET name = ?, gender = ? "
                 + "WHERE id = ? ";
         Object[] args = {admin.getName(), admin.getGender(), admin.getId()};
         jt.update(sql, args);
     }

 //    删除满足指定条件的员工信息
     public void delete(Integer id) {
         String sql = "DELETE FROM "
                 + "admin "
                 + "WHERE id = ? ";
         Object [] args = {id};
         jt.update(sql, args);
     }

 //    编写一个内部类：需要实现RowMapper接口
 //    该类的作用：告诉spring怎么将数据库中的记录变成对象
     class AdminRowMapper implements RowMapper<Admin> {
 //        rs:查询到的结果集
 //        rowNum:记录的下标（从0开始）
         public Admin mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
             Admin admin = new Admin();
             admin.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
             admin.setName(rs.getString("name"));
             admin.setPassword(rs.getString("password"));
             admin.setGender(rs.getString("gender"));
             return admin;
         }
     }

 }

springjdbc中JdbcTemplate类中的方法使用案例

该博客源代码：点击前往