Huawei-R&S-网络工程师实验笔记20190607-STP生成树协议（基本配置、桥优先级、根桥选举、根端口、路径开销、边缘端口）

》Huawei-R&S-网络工程师实验笔记20190607-STP生成树协议（基本配置、桥优先级、根桥选举、根端口、路径开销、边缘端口）

》》实验开始，先上拓扑图参考：

<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname SWA
[SWA]stp ?         //查询STP协议下配置命令
  bpdu-filter           STP BPDU filter
  bpdu-protection       Specify BPDU protection function
  bridge-diameter       Specify bridge diameter
  converge              Specify STP converge mode
  disable               Disable Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)   //禁用STP
  edged-port            Specify edge port
  enable                Enable Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)    //启用STP
  instance              Spanning tree instance
  max-hops              Specify max hops
  mcheck                Specify mcheck
  mode                  Specify state machine mode
  pathcost-standard     Specify STP port path cost standard
  priority              Specify bridge priority      //指定桥优先级
  process               The MSTP process
  region-configuration  Enter MSTP region view
  root                  Specify root switch
  snooping              STP snooping
  tc-protection         Enable the TC-BPDU Protection function
  timer                 Specify timer configuration
  timer-factor          Specify aged out time factor

[SWA]stp disable          //关闭STP
Warning: The global STP state will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]y
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SWA]
Jun    ::-: SWA DS//DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.
.191.3. configurations have been changed. The current change number is , the c
hange loop count is , and the maximum number of records is .

[SWA]display stp         //查看STP协议状态
 Protocol Status       :Disabled    //STP协议已经被关闭
 Protocol Standard     :IEEE .1s
 Version               :
 CIST Bridge Priority  :    //桥ID的默认优先级为32768
 MAC address           :4c1f-cca8-6f8e
 Max age(s)            :     //最大老化时长为20秒
 Forward delay(s)      :     //转发延时为15秒
 Hello time(s)         :    //问候时长为2秒
 Max hops              :
[SWA]
[SWA]stp enable          //开启STP
Warning: The global STP state will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]y
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SWA]
Jun    ::-: SWA DS//DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.
.191.3. configurations have been changed. The current change number is , the c
hange loop count is , and the maximum number of records is .
[SWA]
[SWA]display stp         //查看STP协议状态
-------[CIST Global Info][Mode MSTP]-------     //默认配置是MSTP
CIST Bridge         :.4c1f-cca8-6f8e
Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop
Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop
CIST Root/ERPC      :.4c1f-cc27-5e6e /
CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :.4c1f-cca8-6f8e /
CIST RootPortId     :128.25
BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
TC or TCN received  :
TC count per hello  :
STP Converge Mode   :Normal
Time since last TC  : days 0h:24m:6s
Number of TC        :
Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0//
----   -- more --    ----
[SWA]
[SWA]stp mode ?         //查询修改生成树模式的配置命令
  mstp  Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP) mode
  rstp  Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) mode
  stp   Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) mode

[SWA]stp mode stp        //修改生成树模式为STP
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[SWA]
Jun    ::-: SWA DS//DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.
.191.3. configurations have been changed. The current change number is , the c
hange loop count is , and the maximum number of records is .
[SWA]dis stp         //查看STP协议状态
-------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------     //默认配置已改为STP（SWB如法炮制，也改为STP）
CIST Bridge         :.4c1f-cca8-6f8e
Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop
Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop
CIST Root/ERPC      :.4c1f-cc27-5e6e /
CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :.4c1f-cca8-6f8e /
CIST RootPortId     :128.25
BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
TC or TCN received  :
TC count per hello  :
STP Converge Mode   :Normal
Time since last TC  : days 0h:30m:21s
Number of TC        :
Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0//
----   -- more --    ----
[SWA]

[SWA]stp priority ?    //修改桥优先级
  INTEGER<->  Bridge priority, in steps of     //输入的桥优先级必须是4096的倍数

[SWA]stp priority     //修改SWA的桥优先级为0（SWA配置为根桥，因为SWB的桥优先级还是32678）
[SWA]
Jun    ::-: SWA DS//DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.
.191.3. configurations have been changed. The current change number is , the c
hange loop count is , and the maximum number of records is .
[SWA]dis stp
-------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
CIST Bridge         :    .4c1f-cca8-6f8e
Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop
Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop
CIST Root/ERPC      :    .4c1f-cca8-6f8e /
CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :    .4c1f-cca8-6f8e /
CIST RootPortId     :0.0
BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
TC or TCN received  :
TC count per hello  :
STP Converge Mode   :Normal
Time since last TC  : days 0h:12m:59s
Number of TC        :
Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0//
  ---- More ----

[SWB]dis stp bri     //查看配置（STP协议收敛后，SWB的G0/0/1端口成为了根端口）
 MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
       GigabitEthernet0//        ROOT  DISCARDING      NONE
       GigabitEthernet0//        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
       GigabitEthernet0//        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
====================================
[SWA]int g0//       //进入SWA的G0/0/1端口配置
[SWA-GigabitEthernet0//]stp port priority ?         //查询修改端口优先级的命令
  INTEGER<->  Port priority, in steps of         //优先级按16的倍数调整（默认为128）

[SWA-GigabitEthernet0//]stp port priority         //将SWA的G0/0/1端口优先级调整为240（大于128）
[SWA-GigabitEthernet0//]
Jun    ::-: SWA DS//DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.
.191.3. configurations have been changed. The current change number is , the c
hange loop count is , and the maximum number of records is .
[SWA-GigabitEthernet0//]q
[SWA]     //（或者配置SWA的G0/0/2端口，修改优先级为16，小于128。这样也可以实现实验效果）
====================================
[SWB]dis stp bri     //查看配置（修改SWA的G0/0/1端口优先级后，SWB的G0/0/2端口成为了根端口）
 MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
       GigabitEthernet0//        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
       GigabitEthernet0//        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE      //SWB的G0/0/2端口被选举为根端口
       GigabitEthernet0//        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE

[SWB]dis stp int g0//       //查看G0/0/1端口下STP协议状态（关于配置根端口，还可以通过修改端口开销PC使G0/0/2成为根端口）
-------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
CIST Bridge         :.4c1f-cc27-5e6e
Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop
Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop
CIST Root/ERPC      :    .4c1f-cca8-6f8e /        //根路径开销RPC为20000
CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :.4c1f-cc27-5e6e /
CIST RootPortId     :128.1
BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
TC or TCN received  :
TC count per hello  :
STP Converge Mode   :Normal
Time since last TC  : days 0h:25m:13s
Number of TC        :
Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0//
----[Port1(GigabitEthernet0//)][FORWARDING]----
 Port Protocol       :Enabled
 Port Role           :Root Port
 Port Priority       :
 Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=       //G0/0/1端口开销PC为20000
 Designated Bridge/Port   :.4c1f-cca8-6f8e / 128.25
 Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabled
 Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
 Transit Limit       : packets/hello-time
 Protection Type     :None
 Port STP Mode       :STP
 Port Protocol Type  :Config=auto / Active=dot1s
 BPDU Encapsulation  :Config=stp / Active=stp
 PortTimes           :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s RemHop
 TC or TCN send      :
 TC or TCN received  :
 BPDU Sent           :
          TCN: , Config: , RST: , MST:
 BPDU Received       :
          TCN: , Config: , RST: , MST:
----[Port2(GigabitEthernet0//)][DISCARDING]----
 Port Protocol       :Enabled
 Port Role           :Alternate Port
 Port Priority       :
 Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=       //G0/0/2端口开销PC也是20000
 Designated Bridge/Port   :.4c1f-cca8-6f8e / 128.26
 Port Edged          :Config=default / Active=disabled
 Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
 Transit Limit       : packets/hello-time
 Protection Type     :None
 Port STP Mode       :STP
 Port Protocol Type  :Config=auto / Active=dot1s
 BPDU Encapsulation  :Config=stp / Active=stp
 PortTimes           :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s RemHop
 TC or TCN send      :
 TC or TCN received  :
 BPDU Sent           :
          TCN: , Config: , RST: , MST:
 BPDU Received       :
          TCN: , Config: , RST: , MST:
  ---- More ----

[SWB]int g0//
[SWB-GigabitEthernet0//]stp cost ?      //查询修改端口（路径）开销的命令
  INTEGER<->  Port path cost

[SWB-GigabitEthernet0//]stp cost     //修改G0/0/1的端口开销为30000（大于G0/0/2的端口开销20000）
[SWB-GigabitEthernet0//]
Jun    ::-: SWB DS//DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.
.191.3. configurations have been changed. The current change number is , the c
hange loop count is , and the maximum number of records is .
[SWB-GigabitEthernet0//]q
                  //（或者将G0/0/2的端口开销调小为1999，小于20000。这样也可以实现实验效果）
[SWB]dis stp bri
 MSTID  Port                        Role  STP State     Protection
       GigabitEthernet0//        ALTE  DISCARDING      NONE
       GigabitEthernet0//        ROOT  FORWARDING      NONE     //端口G0/0/2被选举为根端口
       GigabitEthernet0//        DESI  FORWARDING      NONE
[SWB]      

[SWB]int g0//
[SWB-GigabitEthernet0//]stp edged-port ?         //查询边缘端口配置命令
  disable  Disable edge port
  enable   Enable edge port

[SWB-GigabitEthernet0//]stp edged-port enable        //配置G0/0/3端口为边缘端口
[SWB-GigabitEthernet0//]
Jun    ::-: SWB DS//DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.
.191.3. configurations have been changed. The current change number is , the c
hange loop count is , and the maximum number of records is .

[SWB-GigabitEthernet0//]dis stp int g0//
-------[CIST Global Info][Mode STP]-------
CIST Bridge         :.4c1f-cc27-5e6e
Config Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop
Active Times        :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s MaxHop
CIST Root/ERPC      :    .4c1f-cca8-6f8e /
CIST RegRoot/IRPC   :.4c1f-cc27-5e6e /
CIST RootPortId     :128.2
BPDU-Protection     :Disabled
TC or TCN received  :
TC count per hello  :
STP Converge Mode   :Normal
Time since last TC  : days 0h:14m:58s
Number of TC        :
Last TC occurred    :GigabitEthernet0//
----[Port3(GigabitEthernet0//)][FORWARDING]----
 Port Protocol       :Enabled
 Port Role           :Designated Port
 Port Priority       :
 Port Cost(Dot1T )   :Config=auto / Active=
 Designated Bridge/Port   :.4c1f-cc27-5e6e / 128.3
 Port Edged          :Config=enabled / Active=enabled     //端口G0/0/已配置为边缘端口，且为活动状态
 Point-to-point      :Config=auto / Active=true
 Transit Limit       : packets/hello-time
 Protection Type     :None
 Port STP Mode       :STP
 Port Protocol Type  :Config=auto / Active=dot1s
 BPDU Encapsulation  :Config=stp / Active=stp
 PortTimes           :Hello 2s MaxAge 20s FwDly 15s RemHop
 TC or TCN send      :
 TC or TCN received  :
 BPDU Sent           :
          TCN: , Config: , RST: , MST:
 BPDU Received       :
          TCN: , Config: , RST: , MST:
[SWB-GigabitEthernet0//]