搭建ELK收集Nginx日志

众所周知，ELK是日志收集套装，这里就不多做介绍了。

画了一个粗略的架构图，如下：

这里实际用了三个节点，系统版本为CentOS6.6，ES版本为2.3.5，logstash版本为2.4.0，kibana版本为4.5.4-1，nginx版本为1.8.1。

192.168.3.56    ES01+logstash01+kibana+redis+nginx
192.168.3.49    ES02+logstash02
192.168.3.57    ES03

1、为三个节点安装java环境

# yum install -y java java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
# vim /etc/profile.d/java.sh
export JAVA_HOME=/usr
# source /etc/profile.d/java.sh

2、三节点同步时间

# ntpdate pool.ntp.org

3、安装elasticsearch集群，配置集群很简单，三节点保持集群名称相同即可，rpm包是提前在官网下载的

节点1，ES01：

# yum install -y elasticsearch-2.3.5.rpm

# vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: oupenges
node.name: es01
network.host: 192.168.3.56
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["192.168.3.56", "192.168.3.49", "192.168.3.57"]

节点2，ES02：

# yum install -y elasticsearch-2.3.5.rpm

# vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: oupenges
node.name: es02
network.host: 192.168.3.49
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["192.168.3.56", "192.168.3.49", "192.168.3.57"]

节点3，ES03：

# yum install -y elasticsearch-2.3.5.rpm

# vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
cluster.name: oupenges
node.name: es03
network.host: 192.168.3.57
discovery.zen.ping.unicast.hosts: ["192.168.3.56", "192.168.3.49", "192.168.3.57"]

启动服务：

# service elasticsearch start
# chkconfig elasticsearch on

通过cluster API查看集群状态：

# curl -XGET 'http://192.168.3.56:9200/_cluster/health?pretty=true'
{
  "cluster_name" : "oupenges",
  "status" : "green",
  "timed_out" : false,
  "number_of_nodes" : 3,
  "number_of_data_nodes" : 3,
  "active_primary_shards" : 56,
  "active_shards" : 112,
  "relocating_shards" : 0,
  "initializing_shards" : 0,
  "unassigned_shards" : 0,
  "delayed_unassigned_shards" : 0,
  "number_of_pending_tasks" : 0,
  "number_of_in_flight_fetch" : 0,
  "task_max_waiting_in_queue_millis" : 0,
  "active_shards_percent_as_number" : 100.0
}

4、为ES三个节点安装head插件

# /usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/plugin install mobz/elasticsearch-head

用浏览器访问head：

这个是我装完所有组件之后的状态，后面装完之后就不再贴head图了。

星形代表master

圆形代表slave

5、在节点1上安装logstash01

# yum install logstash-2.4.0.noarch.rpm

命令行验证logstash：

标准输入 --> 标准输出

# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -e "input {stdin{}} output{stdout{ codec=>"rubydebug"}}"
Settings: Default pipeline workers: 12
Pipeline main started
hello
{
       "message" => "hello",
      "@version" => "1",
    "@timestamp" => "2017-06-20T03:09:21.113Z",
          "host" => "uy-s-167"
}

标准输入 --> elasticsearch

# /opt/logstash/bin/logstash -e 'input {stdin{}} output{ elasticsearch { hosts => ["192.168.3.56:9200"] index => "test"}}'
Settings: Default pipeline workers: 12
Pipeline main started
hello
hi opera

从时间和内容可以看出，红色框的两条是我刚才添加的两条信息。

6、安装kibana

# yum install -y kibana-4.5.4-1.x86_64.rpm

# vim /opt/kibana/config/kibana.yml
elasticsearch.url: "http://192.168.3.56:9200"

# service kibana start
# chkconfig kibana on

用浏览器访问 http://192.168.3.56:5601

7、安装redis

# yum install -y redis

# vim /etc/redis.conf
daemonize yes
bind 192.168.3.56
appendonly yes

# service redis start
# chkconfig redis on

8、安装Nginx，使用nginx代理kibanna，并设置添加身份验证

# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz
# tar xvf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz

# yum groupinstall -y "Development tools"
# cd nginx-1.8.1/
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi --with-pcre

# mkdir -pv /var/tmp/nginx/client/
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf        在http段添加一个server段
server {
    listen 8080;
    server_name 192.168.3.56;    #当前主机名
    auth_basic "Restricted Access";
    auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd.users;    #身份验证
    location / {
    proxy_pass http://192.168.3.56:5601;    #代理到kibana
    proxy_http_version 1.1;
    proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    proxy_set_header Connection 'upgrade';
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
    }
}

# yum install -y httpd-tools
# htpasswd -bc /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd.users admin admin
# cat /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd.users
admin:TvypNSDg6V3Rc

# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

9、将Nginx的日志格式转换为json格式

# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
log_format access1 '{"@timestamp":"$time_iso8601",'
  '"host":"$server_addr",'
  '"clientip":"$remote_addr",'
  '"size":$body_bytes_sent,'
  '"responsetime":$request_time,'
  '"upstreamtime":"$upstream_response_time",'
  '"upstreamhost":"$upstream_addr",'
  '"http_host":"$host",'
  '"url":"$uri",'
  '"domain":"$host",'
  '"xff":"$http_x_forwarded_for",'
  '"referer":"$http_referer",'
  '"status":"$status"}';
access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  access1;

# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

10、在需要收集日志也就是nginx server上安装filebeat

# yum install -y filebeat-1.2.3-x86_64.rpm

# mv /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml.bak
# vim /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml
filebeat:
  prospectors:
    -
      paths:
        - /var/log/messages
      input_type: log
      document_type: nginxs1-system-message
    -
      paths:
        - /var/log/nginx/access.log
      input_type: log
      document_type: nginxs1-access-log
  registry_file: /var/lib/filebeat/registry
output:
  logstash:
    hosts: ["192.168.3.56:5044"]
  file:
    path: "/tmp/"
    filename: filebeat.txt
shipper:
  logging:
    to_files: true
    files:
      path: /tmp/mybeat

# service filebeat start
# chkconfig filebeat on

11、配置logstash01接收filebeat发出的日志，并输出到redis

# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/nginx.conf
input {
        beats {
        port => 5044
        codec => "json"
        }}
output {
        if [type] == "nginxs1-system-message" {
        redis {
                data_type => "list"
                key => "nginxs1-system-message"
                host => "192.168.3.56"
                port => "6379"
                db => "0"
        }}
        if [type] == "nginxs1-access-log" {
        redis {
                data_type => "list"
                key => "nginxs1-access-log"
                host => "192.168.3.56"
                port => "6379"
                db => "0"
        }}
        file {
                path => "/tmp/nginx-%{+YYYY-MM-dd}messages.gz"
        }
}

# /etc/init.d/logstash configtest
# service logstash restart

12、在节点2上安装logstash02

# yum install logstash-2.4.0.noarch.rpm

13、配置logstash02从redis读取日志，并输出到elasticsearch中

# vim /etc/logstash/conf.d/redis-to-es.conf
input {
    redis {
        host => "192.168.3.56"
        port => "6379"
        db => "0"
        key => "nginxs1-system-message"
        data_type => "list"
        batch_count => 1
    }
    redis {
        host => "192.168.3.56"
        port => "6379"
        db => "0"
        key => "nginxs1-access-log"
        data_type => "list"
        codec  => "json"
        batch_count => 1
    }
}
output {
    if [type] == "nginxs1-system-message" {
    elasticsearch {
        hosts => ["192.168.3.56:9200"]
        index => "nginxs1-system-message-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
        manage_template => true
        flush_size => 2000
        idle_flush_time => 10 }}
    if [type] == "nginxs1-access-log" {
    elasticsearch {
        hosts => ["192.168.3.56:9200"]
        index => "logstash-nginxs1-access-log-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
        manage_template => true
        flush_size => 2000
        idle_flush_time => 10 }}
}

14、登录配置kibana

配置完成后，就可以在Discover中看到nginx的日志了。

在Visualize里面可以画各种图，这里就不细说了。

展示一个我画的很简单的Dashboard：