asp.net C#数据导出Excel实例介绍

excel导出在C#代码中应用己经很广泛了，我这里就做些总结，供自己和读者学习用。

Excel知识点。
一、添加引用和命名空间

添加Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel引用，它的默认路径是C:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual
Studio 9.0Visual Studio Tools for
OfficePIAOffice12Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.dll
代码中添加引用using
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
二、Excel类的简单介绍
此命名空间下关于Excel类的结构分别为：

ApplicationClass - 就是我们的excel应用程序。
Workbook -
就是我们平常见的一个个excel文件，经常是使用Workbooks类对其进行操作。
Worksheet - 就是excel文件中的一个个sheet页。

Worksheet.Cells[row, column] -
就是某行某列的单元格，注意这里的下标row和column都是从1开始的，跟我平常用的数组或集合的下标有所不同。

知道了上述基本知识后，利用此类来操作excel就清晰了很多。
三、Excel的操作

任何操作Excel的动作首先肯定是用excel应用程序，首先要new一个ApplicationClass 实例，并在最后将此实例释放。

ApplicationClass xlsApp = new ApplicationClass(); // 1. 创建Excel应用程序对象的一个实例，相当于我们从开始菜单打开Excel应用程序。
if (xlsApp == null)
{
//对此实例进行验证，如果为null则表示运行此代码的机器可能未安装Excel
}1. 打开现有的Excel文件

代码如下	复制代码
Workbook workbook = xlsApp.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing); Worksheet mySheet = workbook.Sheets[1] as Worksheet; //第一个sheet页 mySheet.Name = "testsheet"; //这里修改sheet名称2.复制sheet页

mySheet.Copy(Type.Missing, workbook.Sheets[1]); //复制mySheet成一个新的sheet页，复制完后的名称是mySheet页名称后加一个(2)，这里就是testsheet(2)，复制完后，Worksheet的数量增加一个注意
这里Copy方法的两个参数，指是的复制出来新的sheet页是在指定sheet页的前面还是后面，上面的例子就是指复制的sheet页在第一个sheet页的后面。

3.删除sheet页

代码如下

复制代码

xlsApp.DisplayAlerts = false; //如果想删除某个sheet页，首先要将此项设为fasle。 (xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1] as Worksheet).Delete();4.选中sheet页 (xlsApp.ActiveWorkbook.Sheets[1] as Worksheet).Select(Type.Missing); //选中某个sheet页5.另存excel文件 workbook.Saved = true; workbook.SaveCopyAs(filepath);6.释放excel资源 workbook.Close(true, Type.Missing, Type.Missing); workbook = null; xlsApp.Quit(); xlsApp = null;一般的我们传入一个DataTable生成Excel代码 /// <summary> /// /// </summary> /// <param name="dt"></param> protected void ExportExcel(DataTable dt) {     if (dt == null||dt.Rows.Count==0) return;     Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application(); if (xlApp == null)     {         return;     }     System.Globalization.CultureInfo CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;     System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");     Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;     Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);     Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];     Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;     long totalCount = dt.Rows.Count;     long rowRead = 0;     float percent = 0;     for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)     {         worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;         range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];         range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;         range.Font.Bold = true;     }     for (int r = 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)     {         for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)         {             worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();         }         rowRead++;         percent = ((float)(100 * rowRead)) / totalCount;     }     xlApp.Visible = true; }

如果要在excel中插入图片，我们需要把代码加入一行即可，如下所示

代码如下

复制代码

protected void ExportExcel(DataTable dt) {     if (dt == null || dt.Rows.Count == 0) return;     Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xlApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application(); if (xlApp == null)     {         return;     }     System.Globalization.CultureInfo CurrentCI = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;     System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo("en-US");     Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbooks workbooks = xlApp.Workbooks;     Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = workbooks.Add(Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.XlWBATemplate.xlWBATWorksheet);     Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Worksheets[1];     Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range range;     long totalCount = dt.Rows.Count;     long rowRead = 0;     float percent = 0;     for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)     {         worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;         range = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, i + 1];         range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;     }     for (int r = 0; r < dt.Rows.Count; r++)     {         for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)         {             try             {                 worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString();             }             catch             {                 worksheet.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = dt.Rows[r][i].ToString().Replace("=", "");             }         }         rowRead++;         percent = ((float)(100 * rowRead)) / totalCount;     }         worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture("C:\Users\spring\Desktop\1.gif", Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);     worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1, "123456", "Red", 15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);     xlApp.Visible = true; }我们调用如下: public void GenerateExcel() {     DataTable dt = new DataTable();     dt.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));     dt.Columns.Add("Age", typeof(string));     DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();     dr["Name"] = "spring";     dr["Age"] = "20";     dt.Rows.Add(dr);     dt.AcceptChanges();     ExportExcel(dt); }

运行结果如下所示:

其中如下代码的作用是

代码如下	复制代码
worksheet.Shapes.AddPicture("C:\Users\spring\Desktop\1.gif", Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoCTrue, 100, 200, 200, 300);在Excel的指定位置加入图片 worksheet.Shapes.AddTextEffect(Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoPresetTextEffect.msoTextEffect1, "123456", "Red", 15, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoFalse, Microsoft.Office.Core.MsoTriState.msoTrue, 150, 200);

在Excel的指定位置加入文本框，和里面的内容.

我们可以这样来设计一个ExcelBase的基类:

先创建一个ExcelBE.cs：

代码如下

复制代码

public class ExcelBE  {      private int _row = 0;      private int _col = 0;      private string _text = string.Empty;      private string _startCell = string.Empty;      private string _endCell = string.Empty;      private string _interiorColor = string.Empty;      private bool _isMerge = false;      private int _size = 0;      private string _fontColor = string.Empty;      private string _format = string.Empty; public ExcelBE(int row, int col, string text, string startCell, string endCell, string interiorColor, bool isMerge, int size, string fontColor, string format)      {          _row = row;          _col = col;          _text = text;          _startCell = startCell;          _endCell = endCell;          _interiorColor = interiorColor;          _isMerge = isMerge;          _size = size;          _fontColor = fontColor;          _format = format;      } public ExcelBE()      { } public int Row      {          get { return _row; }          set { _row = value; }      } public int Col      {          get { return _col; }          set { _col = value; }      } public string Text      {          get { return _text; }          set { _text = value; }      } public string StartCell      {          get { return _startCell; }          set { _startCell = value; }      } public string EndCell      {          get { return _endCell; }          set { _endCell = value; }      } public string InteriorColor      {          get { return _interiorColor; }          set { _interiorColor = value; }      } public bool IsMerge      {          get { return _isMerge; }          set { _isMerge = value; }      } public int Size      {          get { return _size; }          set { _size = value; }      } public string FontColor      {          get { return _fontColor; }          set { _fontColor = value; }      } public string Formart      {          get { return _format; }          set { _format = value; }      } }

接下来创建ExcelBase.cs:

代码如下

复制代码

public class ExcelBase { www.111cn.net     private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application app = null;     private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook workbook = null;     private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet worksheet = null;     private Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range workSheet_range = null; public ExcelBase()     {         createDoc();     } public void createDoc()     {         try         {             app = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();             app.Visible = true;             workbook = app.Workbooks.Add(1);             worksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbook.Sheets[1];         }         catch (Exception e)         {             Console.Write("Error");         }         finally         {         }     } public void InsertData(ExcelBE be)     {         worksheet.Cells[be.Row, be.Col] = be.Text;         workSheet_range = worksheet.get_Range(be.StartCell, be.EndCell);         workSheet_range.MergeCells = be.IsMerge;         workSheet_range.Interior.Color = GetColorValue(be.InteriorColor);         workSheet_range.Borders.Color = System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb();         workSheet_range.ColumnWidth = be.Size;         workSheet_range.Font.Color = string.IsNullOrEmpty(be.FontColor) ? System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb() : System.Drawing.Color.Black.ToArgb();         workSheet_range.NumberFormat = be.Formart;     } private int GetColorValue(string interiorColor)     {         switch (interiorColor)         {             case "YELLOW":                 return System.Drawing.Color.Yellow.ToArgb();             case "GRAY":                 return System.Drawing.Color.Gray.ToArgb();             case "GAINSBORO":                 return System.Drawing.Color.Gainsboro.ToArgb();             case "Turquoise":                 return System.Drawing.Color.Turquoise.ToArgb();             case "PeachPuff":                 return System.Drawing.Color.PeachPuff.ToArgb(); default:                 return System.Drawing.Color.White.ToArgb();         }     } }

调用的代码如下:

代码如下

复制代码

private void btnRun_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {     ExcelBase excel = new ExcelBase();     //creates the main header     ExcelBE be = null;     be = new ExcelBE (5, 2, "Total of Products", "B5", "D5", "YELLOW", true, 10, "n",null);     excel.InsertData(be);     //creates subheaders     be = new ExcelBE (6, 2, "Sold Product", "B6", "B6", "GRAY", true, 10, "",null);     excel.InsertData(be);     be=new ExcelBE(6, 3, "", "C6", "C6", "GRAY", true, 10, "",null);     excel.InsertData(be);     be=new ExcelBE (6, 4, "Initial Total", "D6", "D6", "GRAY", true, 10, "",null);     excel.InsertData(be);     //add Data to cells     be=new ExcelBE (7, 2, "114287", "B7", "B7",null,false,10,"", "#,##0");     excel.InsertData(be);     be=new ExcelBE (7, 3, "", "C7", "C7", null,false,10,"",null);     excel.InsertData(be);     be = new ExcelBE(7, 4, "129121", "D7", "D7", null, false, 10, "", "#,##0");     excel.InsertData(be);     //add percentage row     be = new ExcelBE(8, 2, "", "B8", "B8", null, false, 10, "", "");     excel.InsertData(be);     be = new ExcelBE(8, 3, "=B7/D7", "C8", "C8", null, false, 10, "", "0.0%");     excel.InsertData(be);     be = new ExcelBE(8, 4, "", "D8", "D8", null, false, 10, "", "");     excel.InsertData(be);     //add empty divider     be = new ExcelBE(9, 2, "", "B9", "D9", "GAINSBORO", true, 10, "",null);     excel.InsertData(be); }

 

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