You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all starting indices of substring(s) in s that is a concatenation of each word in wordsexactly once and without any intervening characters.

For example, given:
s: "barfoothefoobarman"
words: ["foo", "bar"]

You should return the indices: [0,9].
(order does not matter).

问题:给定一个字符串 s 和 一列单词 words 。找出 s 中所有满足下面条件的全部子字符串的开始下标:要求子字符串恰好由 words 的所有单词拼接而成,每个单词仅对应地出现一次。

由于 words 里面单词是无序的,目标子字符串的成员单词也是无序的,所以,考虑用 Hashtable 作为数据存储。

需要充分利用的两个题目条件:

1. 所有单词等长

2. 目标子字符串是由单词连续无中断地连接而成

根据上面两个条件,可以将 s 全部分割为长度为 length 的子字符串,共有 length 种分法。length 种分法会覆盖全部需要找的子字符串。

对于每一种分割,可以将长度为 length 的子字符串视为不再分割的单元,利用滑动窗口算法(Slide Window Algorithm),线性时间找到符合条件的目标子字符串,O(n/length) 复杂度,其中 n 为 s 的长度。一共有 length 种分发,则耗时 O(length * n/length) = O(n)。

算法实现思路

将 s 全部分割为长度为 length 的连续子串的方法,一共有 length 种。

对于每一种 k (0 <= k < length, 表示开始分割的起始下标 ) 有:

  以 k 为起始位置,长度为 length 子字符串即为一个待验证子串 subs

  左右指针指向首个 subs

  若右指针指向的 subs 是要找的 word, 并且已记录的次数小于需要找到的次数,则记录新找到一个 subs,右指针右移

  若右指针指向的 subs 是要找的 word,并且已记录的次数等于需要找到的次数, 则将左指针当前单词从记录中排除,并左指针右移,重复此操作直到从记录中排除一个右指针当前的 subs。使得 [ subs 已记录的次数小于需要找到的次数 ]。

  若右指针指向的 subs 不是要找的 word,则右指针右移,左指针指向右指针位置,并情况记录。

  若已找到的记录(左右指针内元素)恰好等于需要找到全部 words ,则保存左指针所在位置,即为一个需要找的下标。然后,将左指针当前元素从记录中排除,左指针右移。

实现代码

import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set; class Utility{ /**
* reset the value of matched result str_cnt_mch
*
* @param str_cnt_mch
*/
public static void resetHashtable(Hashtable<String, Integer> str_cnt_mch){
Set<Entry<String, Integer>> set = str_cnt_mch.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, Integer> s_c : set){
s_c.setValue(0);
}
}
} public class Solution {
public List<Integer> findSubstring(String s, String[] words) {
List<Integer> res = new LinkedList<Integer>(); Hashtable<String, Integer> str_cnt = new Hashtable<String, Integer>();
Hashtable<String, Integer> str_cnt_mch = new Hashtable<String, Integer>(); for (String wrd : words) {
if (str_cnt.containsKey(wrd)) {
str_cnt.put(wrd, str_cnt.get(wrd) + 1);
} else {
str_cnt.put(wrd, 1);
} str_cnt_mch.put(wrd, 0);
} int length = words[0].length(); for (int k = 0; k < length; k++) { int lft = k;
int rgh = k; Utility.resetHashtable(str_cnt_mch);
int mchCnt = 0; while (rgh + length <= s.length()) { String subs = s.substring(rgh, rgh + length); if (str_cnt.containsKey(subs)) { if (str_cnt_mch.get(subs) < str_cnt.get(subs)) { str_cnt_mch.put(subs, str_cnt_mch.get(subs) + 1);
mchCnt++; rgh += length; } else {
// the number of subs in str_cnt_mch is the same as that
// in str_cnt while (true) { String subsl = s.substring(lft, lft + length); str_cnt_mch.put(subsl, str_cnt_mch.get(subsl) - 1);
mchCnt--; lft +=length; if (subsl.equals(subs)) {
break;
}
}
}
} else {
// subs is not a word in words
Utility.resetHashtable(str_cnt_mch);
mchCnt = 0; rgh = rgh + length;
lft = rgh;
} if (mchCnt == words.length){
res.add(lft); String subsl = s.substring(lft, lft + length);
str_cnt_mch.put(subsl, str_cnt_mch.get(subsl) - 1);
mchCnt--; lft = lft + length;
}
}
} return res;
}
}

参考资料:

Substring with Concatenation of All Words -- LeetCode, Code_Ganker, CSDN

[LeetCode] 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words 解题思路 - Java的更多相关文章

  1. LeetCode - 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words

    30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words Problem's Link --------------------------------------- ...

  2. leetCode 30.Substring with Concatenation of All Words (words中全部子串相连) 解题思路和方法

    Substring with Concatenation of All Words You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, tha ...

  3. Java [leetcode 30]Substring with Concatenation of All Words

    题目描述: You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find a ...

  4. [LeetCode] 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words 串联所有单词的子串

    You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...

  5. [leetcode]30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words由所有单词连成的子串

    You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...

  6. LeetCode 30 Substring with Concatenation of All Words(确定包含所有子串的起始下标)

    题目链接: https://leetcode.com/problems/substring-with-concatenation-of-all-words/?tab=Description   在字符 ...

  7. [LeetCode] 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words ☆☆☆

    You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...

  8. [Leetcode][Python]30: Substring with Concatenation of All Words

    # -*- coding: utf8 -*-'''__author__ = 'dabay.wang@gmail.com' 30: Substring with Concatenation of All ...

  9. LeetCode HashTable 30 Substring with Concatenation of All Words

    You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...

随机推荐

  1. 【iOS UISearchBar父控件是UIScrollView时,上移的问题】

    如果UISearchViewController的父控件是UIScrollView,点击UISearchBar后,它会移出控制器外.如下,使用UIScrollView作为"消息"和 ...

  2. haproxy主配置文件

    1.haproxy 配置文件 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ...

  3. Android中的BroadCast静态注册与动态注册

    1.静态注册 新建MyBroadcast类继承BroadcastReceiver,实现onReceive方法 /** * Author:JsonLu * DateTime:2015/9/21 16:4 ...

  4. iOS学习笔记(十四)——打电话、发短信

    电话.短信是手机的基础功能,iOS中提供了接口,让我们调用.这篇文章简单的介绍一下iOS的打电话.发短信在程序中怎么调用. 1.打电话 [[UIApplication sharedApplicatio ...

  5. OC - 21.CALayer核心要点及实例解析

    CALayer基础 CALayer是每一个UI控件的核心,一个UI控件之所以能显示可以说是CALayer的功劳 每一个UI控件默认都为自己创建一个CALayer对象,通过drawRect方法将内容绘制 ...

  6. JavaScript--数组--sort比较器

    因为原装的sort这个API其实是先把要比较的数转换为字符串再进行比较的,所以并不好用 所以准备自定义一个比较器函数: //sort原理--->sort(arr,compare) functio ...

  7. 你好,C++(32) 类是对现实世界的抽象和描述 6.2.1 类的声明和定义

    6.2  类:当C++爱上面向对象 类这个概念是面向对象思想在C++中的具体体现:它既是封装的结果,同时也是继承和多态的载体.因此,要想学习C++中的面向对象程序设计,也就必须从“类”开始. 6.2. ...

  8. 解决Mac上Android开发时adb连接不到手机问题

    今天在Mac OS上进行Android开发的时候,打开eclipse连接不到手机MX4问题 1. 插入手机打开 Terminal,输入 system_profiler  SPUSBDataType 2 ...

  9. ubuntu 更新 php5.5.9 到 php 5.6

    add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php5-5.6 apt-get update apt-get install php5 为了使用 add-apt-repsitory 需要 ...

  10. DeDe调用body文章内容

    {dede:sql sql='select * from dede_addonarticle where aid=3'} <div class="pageArea hide" ...