[LeetCode] 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words 解题思路 - Java
You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all starting indices of substring(s) in s that is a concatenation of each word in wordsexactly once and without any intervening characters.
For example, given:
s: "barfoothefoobarman"
words: ["foo", "bar"]
You should return the indices: [0,9].
(order does not matter).
问题:给定一个字符串 s 和 一列单词 words 。找出 s 中所有满足下面条件的全部子字符串的开始下标:要求子字符串恰好由 words 的所有单词拼接而成,每个单词仅对应地出现一次。
由于 words 里面单词是无序的,目标子字符串的成员单词也是无序的,所以,考虑用 Hashtable 作为数据存储。
需要充分利用的两个题目条件:
1. 所有单词等长
2. 目标子字符串是由单词连续无中断地连接而成
根据上面两个条件,可以将 s 全部分割为长度为 length 的子字符串,共有 length 种分法。length 种分法会覆盖全部需要找的子字符串。
对于每一种分割,可以将长度为 length 的子字符串视为不再分割的单元,利用滑动窗口算法(Slide Window Algorithm),线性时间找到符合条件的目标子字符串,O(n/length) 复杂度,其中 n 为 s 的长度。一共有 length 种分发,则耗时 O(length * n/length) = O(n)。
算法实现思路:
将 s 全部分割为长度为 length 的连续子串的方法,一共有 length 种。
对于每一种 k (0 <= k < length, 表示开始分割的起始下标 ) 有:
以 k 为起始位置,长度为 length 子字符串即为一个待验证子串 subs
左右指针指向首个 subs
若右指针指向的 subs 是要找的 word, 并且已记录的次数小于需要找到的次数,则记录新找到一个 subs,右指针右移
若右指针指向的 subs 是要找的 word,并且已记录的次数等于需要找到的次数, 则将左指针当前单词从记录中排除,并左指针右移,重复此操作直到从记录中排除一个右指针当前的 subs。使得 [ subs 已记录的次数小于需要找到的次数 ]。
若右指针指向的 subs 不是要找的 word,则右指针右移,左指针指向右指针位置,并情况记录。
若已找到的记录(左右指针内元素)恰好等于需要找到全部 words ,则保存左指针所在位置,即为一个需要找的下标。然后,将左指针当前元素从记录中排除,左指针右移。
实现代码:
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set; class Utility{ /**
* reset the value of matched result str_cnt_mch
*
* @param str_cnt_mch
*/
public static void resetHashtable(Hashtable<String, Integer> str_cnt_mch){
Set<Entry<String, Integer>> set = str_cnt_mch.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, Integer> s_c : set){
s_c.setValue(0);
}
}
} public class Solution {
public List<Integer> findSubstring(String s, String[] words) {
List<Integer> res = new LinkedList<Integer>(); Hashtable<String, Integer> str_cnt = new Hashtable<String, Integer>();
Hashtable<String, Integer> str_cnt_mch = new Hashtable<String, Integer>(); for (String wrd : words) {
if (str_cnt.containsKey(wrd)) {
str_cnt.put(wrd, str_cnt.get(wrd) + 1);
} else {
str_cnt.put(wrd, 1);
} str_cnt_mch.put(wrd, 0);
} int length = words[0].length(); for (int k = 0; k < length; k++) { int lft = k;
int rgh = k; Utility.resetHashtable(str_cnt_mch);
int mchCnt = 0; while (rgh + length <= s.length()) { String subs = s.substring(rgh, rgh + length); if (str_cnt.containsKey(subs)) { if (str_cnt_mch.get(subs) < str_cnt.get(subs)) { str_cnt_mch.put(subs, str_cnt_mch.get(subs) + 1);
mchCnt++; rgh += length; } else {
// the number of subs in str_cnt_mch is the same as that
// in str_cnt while (true) { String subsl = s.substring(lft, lft + length); str_cnt_mch.put(subsl, str_cnt_mch.get(subsl) - 1);
mchCnt--; lft +=length; if (subsl.equals(subs)) {
break;
}
}
}
} else {
// subs is not a word in words
Utility.resetHashtable(str_cnt_mch);
mchCnt = 0; rgh = rgh + length;
lft = rgh;
} if (mchCnt == words.length){
res.add(lft); String subsl = s.substring(lft, lft + length);
str_cnt_mch.put(subsl, str_cnt_mch.get(subsl) - 1);
mchCnt--; lft = lft + length;
}
}
} return res;
}
}
参考资料:
Substring with Concatenation of All Words -- LeetCode, Code_Ganker, CSDN
[LeetCode] 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words 解题思路 - Java的更多相关文章
- LeetCode - 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words
30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words Problem's Link --------------------------------------- ...
- leetCode 30.Substring with Concatenation of All Words (words中全部子串相连) 解题思路和方法
Substring with Concatenation of All Words You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, tha ...
- Java [leetcode 30]Substring with Concatenation of All Words
题目描述: You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find a ...
- [LeetCode] 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words 串联所有单词的子串
You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...
- [leetcode]30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words由所有单词连成的子串
You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...
- LeetCode 30 Substring with Concatenation of All Words(确定包含所有子串的起始下标)
题目链接: https://leetcode.com/problems/substring-with-concatenation-of-all-words/?tab=Description 在字符 ...
- [LeetCode] 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words ☆☆☆
You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...
- [Leetcode][Python]30: Substring with Concatenation of All Words
# -*- coding: utf8 -*-'''__author__ = 'dabay.wang@gmail.com' 30: Substring with Concatenation of All ...
- LeetCode HashTable 30 Substring with Concatenation of All Words
You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...
随机推荐
- C#“简单加密文本器”的实现
本示例只能加密英文文本,使用的算法为异或算法.源代码:http://pan.baidu.com/share/link?shareid=3241348313&uk=1761850335(本示例属 ...
- 12、SQL Server 行列转换
SQL Server 行转列 在SQL Server 2005中PIVOT 用于将列值转换为列名(行转列),在SQL Server 2000中是没有这个关键字的 只能用case语句实现. --创建测试 ...
- Phonegap 安卓的自动升级与更新。当版本为4.0的时候
清单文件中: <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="14" android:targetSdkVersion="14"/> ...
- Android打开系统的Document文档图片选择
打开Document UI 过滤图片 private void startAcitivty() { Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setAction(&qu ...
- ASP.NET菜鸟之路之Request小例子
背景 我是一个ASP.NET菜鸟,暂时开始学习ASP.NET,在此记录下我个人敲的代码,没有多少参考价值,请看到的盆友们为我点个赞支持我一下,多谢了. Request获取值 Request获取值有两种 ...
- Ajax的工作流程简述
提到Ajax相信我们都不会陌生,不管你是前端开发还是后台数据处理的程序员,ajax的作用就像现在生活中的手机一样,无论是作用还是流程都差不多,这里我们要进行ajax操作后台数据并显示在页面上的话,首先 ...
- POJ 2395 Out of Hay(最小生成树中的最大长度)
POJ 2395 Out of Hay 本题是要求最小生成树中的最大长度, 无向边,初始化es结构体时要加倍,别忘了init(n)并查集的初始化,同时要单独标记使用过的边数, 判断ans==n-1时, ...
- 巧用Session Manager还原Firefox丢失会话
今天Firefox Crash之后,我的会话全部丢失了.按照以往来说,Firefox在重新启动之后或者Crash之后会有一个会话还原的页面.但今天确实没有.后来我进行Google查阅,试了很多种办法. ...
- Thinkphp发布文章获取第一张图片为缩略图实现方法
正则匹配图片地址获取第一张图片地址 此为函数 在模块或是全局Common文件夹中的function.php中 /** * [getPic description] * 获取文本中首张图片地址 * @p ...
- php解析json数据
<?php $data; $data.="["; for ($i=0;$i<20;$i++) { $data.="{"; $data.=" ...