You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all starting indices of substring(s) in s that is a concatenation of each word in wordsexactly once and without any intervening characters.

For example, given:
s: "barfoothefoobarman"
words: ["foo", "bar"]

You should return the indices: [0,9].
(order does not matter).

问题:给定一个字符串 s 和 一列单词 words 。找出 s 中所有满足下面条件的全部子字符串的开始下标:要求子字符串恰好由 words 的所有单词拼接而成,每个单词仅对应地出现一次。

由于 words 里面单词是无序的,目标子字符串的成员单词也是无序的,所以,考虑用 Hashtable 作为数据存储。

需要充分利用的两个题目条件:

1. 所有单词等长

2. 目标子字符串是由单词连续无中断地连接而成

根据上面两个条件,可以将 s 全部分割为长度为 length 的子字符串,共有 length 种分法。length 种分法会覆盖全部需要找的子字符串。

对于每一种分割,可以将长度为 length 的子字符串视为不再分割的单元,利用滑动窗口算法(Slide Window Algorithm),线性时间找到符合条件的目标子字符串,O(n/length) 复杂度,其中 n 为 s 的长度。一共有 length 种分发,则耗时 O(length * n/length) = O(n)。

算法实现思路:

将 s 全部分割为长度为 length 的连续子串的方法,一共有 length 种。

对于每一种 k (0 <= k < length, 表示开始分割的起始下标 ) 有:

  以 k 为起始位置,长度为 length 子字符串即为一个待验证子串 subs

  左右指针指向首个 subs

  若右指针指向的 subs 是要找的 word, 并且已记录的次数小于需要找到的次数,则记录新找到一个 subs,右指针右移

  若右指针指向的 subs 是要找的 word,并且已记录的次数等于需要找到的次数, 则将左指针当前单词从记录中排除,并左指针右移,重复此操作直到从记录中排除一个右指针当前的 subs。使得 [ subs 已记录的次数小于需要找到的次数 ]。

  若右指针指向的 subs 不是要找的 word,则右指针右移,左指针指向右指针位置,并情况记录。

  若已找到的记录(左右指针内元素)恰好等于需要找到全部 words ,则保存左指针所在位置,即为一个需要找的下标。然后,将左指针当前元素从记录中排除,左指针右移。

实现代码:

import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set; class Utility{ /**
* reset the value of matched result str_cnt_mch
*
* @param str_cnt_mch
*/
public static void resetHashtable(Hashtable<String, Integer> str_cnt_mch){
Set<Entry<String, Integer>> set = str_cnt_mch.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, Integer> s_c : set){
s_c.setValue(0);
}
}
} public class Solution {
public List<Integer> findSubstring(String s, String[] words) {
List<Integer> res = new LinkedList<Integer>(); Hashtable<String, Integer> str_cnt = new Hashtable<String, Integer>();
Hashtable<String, Integer> str_cnt_mch = new Hashtable<String, Integer>(); for (String wrd : words) {
if (str_cnt.containsKey(wrd)) {
str_cnt.put(wrd, str_cnt.get(wrd) + 1);
} else {
str_cnt.put(wrd, 1);
} str_cnt_mch.put(wrd, 0);
} int length = words[0].length(); for (int k = 0; k < length; k++) { int lft = k;
int rgh = k; Utility.resetHashtable(str_cnt_mch);
int mchCnt = 0; while (rgh + length <= s.length()) { String subs = s.substring(rgh, rgh + length); if (str_cnt.containsKey(subs)) { if (str_cnt_mch.get(subs) < str_cnt.get(subs)) { str_cnt_mch.put(subs, str_cnt_mch.get(subs) + 1);
mchCnt++; rgh += length; } else {
// the number of subs in str_cnt_mch is the same as that
// in str_cnt while (true) { String subsl = s.substring(lft, lft + length); str_cnt_mch.put(subsl, str_cnt_mch.get(subsl) - 1);
mchCnt--; lft +=length; if (subsl.equals(subs)) {
break;
}
}
}
} else {
// subs is not a word in words
Utility.resetHashtable(str_cnt_mch);
mchCnt = 0; rgh = rgh + length;
lft = rgh;
} if (mchCnt == words.length){
res.add(lft); String subsl = s.substring(lft, lft + length);
str_cnt_mch.put(subsl, str_cnt_mch.get(subsl) - 1);
mchCnt--; lft = lft + length;
}
}
} return res;
}
}

参考资料:

Substring with Concatenation of All Words -- LeetCode, Code_Ganker, CSDN

[LeetCode] 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words 解题思路 - Java的更多相关文章

  1. LeetCode - 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words

    30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words Problem's Link --------------------------------------- ...

  2. leetCode 30.Substring with Concatenation of All Words (words中全部子串相连) 解题思路和方法

    Substring with Concatenation of All Words You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, tha ...

  3. Java [leetcode 30]Substring with Concatenation of All Words

    题目描述: You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find a ...

  4. [LeetCode] 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words 串联所有单词的子串

    You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...

  5. [leetcode]30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words由所有单词连成的子串

    You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...

  6. LeetCode 30 Substring with Concatenation of All Words(确定包含所有子串的起始下标)

    题目链接: https://leetcode.com/problems/substring-with-concatenation-of-all-words/?tab=Description   在字符 ...

  7. [LeetCode] 30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words ☆☆☆

    You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...

  8. [Leetcode][Python]30: Substring with Concatenation of All Words

    # -*- coding: utf8 -*-'''__author__ = 'dabay.wang@gmail.com' 30: Substring with Concatenation of All ...

  9. LeetCode HashTable 30 Substring with Concatenation of All Words

    You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all sta ...

随机推荐

  1. navicat导入mysql数据库sql时报错或数据不完全问题

    错误详情:[Err] [Imp] 2006 - MySQL server has gone away 或无提示错误,但是导入数据明显缺少字段和数据 找到服务器上的MYSQL安装目录下的my.ini文件 ...

  2. VB指针 与CopyMemory

    体会ByVal和ByRef Dim k As Long CopyMemory ByVal VarPtr(k), 40000, 4 等同于k=40000:从保存常数40000(缺省ByRef)的临时变量 ...

  3. javascript 实用函数

    1.去除字符串空格 /*去左空格*/ function ltrim(s) { return s.replace(/^(\s*| *)/, ""); } /*去右空格*/ funct ...

  4. 简单图片banner轮播

    /**************[css]****************/   <style type="text/css">        *{margin:0px; ...

  5. Jquery~$when_done_then的用法

    对于$.ajax请求来说,如果层级比较多,程序看起来会比较乱,而为了解决这种问题,才有了$when...done...fail...then的封装,它将$.ajax这嵌套结构转成了顺序平行的结果,向下 ...

  6. java 项目request.getParameter("")接收不到值

    如果发现这个方法 以前能接收到参数,现在不能接收到参数的情况下 很有问题出来tocat 或许jak 的问题上, 换个低版本可能就好了

  7. Mock和injectMocks的区别

    @Mock private ForeCatalogManageServiceImpl foreCatalogManageServiceImpl; 如果是上面的写法,那么 红框方法里面的代码不会执行,这 ...

  8. 二维码生成Demo

    在C#中直接引用ThoughtWorks.QRCode.dll 类, 下载 dll 类 http://file.111cn.net/download/2013/06/29/20120516165420 ...

  9. WPF DataGrid 绑定DataSet数据 自动生成行号

    1.绑定数据:dataGrid1.ItemsSource = dataSet.Tables[0].DefaultView; 注意:在创建DataGrid 时可以通过AutoGenerateColumn ...

  10. iOS面试题整理(一)

    代码规范 这是一个重点考察项,曾经在微博上发过一个风格纠错题: 也曾在面试时让人当场改过,槽点不少,能够有 10 处以上修改的就基本达到标准了(处女座的人在这方面表现都很优秀 一个区分度很大的面试题 ...