Zabbix学习之路（五）之MySQL监控

• 1.linux-node2节点安装数据库

[root@linux-node2 ~]# yum install -y mariadb-server
[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@linux-node2 ~]# netstat -tulnp |grep
tcp               0.0.0.0:            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      /mysqld

• 2.Zabbix添加数据库主机监控

被动模式对Hostname没要求，但主动模式必须与主机Hostname一致。
"Configuration"-->"Host"（填入主机信息）-->"Templates"（链接MySQL模板）
如图：

创建成功后，可以查看到MySQL相应的监控信息，数据库的增改删查，如图：

命令行进行查看获取的信息：
[root@linux-node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s linux-node2 -k mysql.status[Com_begin]

[root@linux-node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s linux-node2 -k mysql.status[Slow_queries]

数据库模板监控配置主要来自linux-node2节点：/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/userparameter_mysql.conf 的配置
[root@linux-node2 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/userparameter_mysql.conf 

# For all the following commands HOME should be set to the directory that has .my.cnf file with password information.

# Flexible parameter to grab global variables. On the frontend side, use keys like mysql.status[Com_insert].
# Key syntax is mysql.status[variable].
UserParameter=mysql.status[*],echo "show global status where Variable_name='$1';" | HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysql -N | awk '{print $$2}'    #mysql的状态获取

# Flexible parameter to determine database or table size. On the frontend side, use keys like mysql.size[zabbix,history,data].
# Key syntax is mysql.size[<database>,<table>,<type>].
# Database may be a database name or "all". Default is "all".
# Table may be a table name or "all". Default is "all".
# Type may be "data", "index", "free" or "both". Both is a sum of data and index. Default is "both".
# Database is mandatory if a table is specified. Type may be specified always.
# Returns value in bytes.
# 'sum' on data_length or index_length alone needed when we are getting this information for whole database instead of a single table
UserParameter=mysql.size[*],bash -c 'echo "select sum($(case "$3" in both|"") echo "data_length+index_length";; data|index) echo "$3_length";; free) echo "data_free";; esac)) from information_schema.tables$([[ "$1" = "all" || ! "$1" ]] || echo " where table_schema=\"$1\"")$([[ "$2" = "all" || ! "$2" ]] || echo "and table_name=\"$2\"");" | HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysql -N'

UserParameter=mysql.ping,HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysqladmin ping | grep -c alive    #mysql的存活获取
UserParameter=mysql.version,mysql -V    #mysql的版本获取

• 3.带密码对MySQL监控

以上对数据库的监控，都是没有密码直接获取值，这是不合理的，那么需要如何添加密码进行获取监控数据呢？

（1）先对数据库进行授权和密码，通过zabbix用户进行获取数据，此处的授权由于试验，就授权了全部权限，正式生产时不能这样设置。

[root@linux-node2 ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is
Server version: 5.5.-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) , , Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to zabbix@localhost identified by "zabbix";
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> quit;
Bye

（2）修改监控配置，添加用户名密码
[root@linux-node2 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/userparameter_mysql.conf 

UserParameter=mysql.status[*],echo "show global status where Variable_name='$1';" | HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix -N | awk '{print $$2}'
UserParameter=mysql.size[*],bash -c 'echo "select sum($(case "$3" in both|"") echo "data_length+index_length";; data|index) echo "$3_length";; free) echo "data_free";; esac)) from information_schema.tables$([[ "$1" = "all" || ! "$1" ]] || echo " where table_schema=\"$1\"")$([[ "$2" = "all" || ! "$2" ]] || echo "and table_name=\"$2\"");" | HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysql -N'
UserParameter=mysql.ping,HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysqladmin ping -uzabbix -pzabbix | grep -c alive
UserParameter=mysql.version,mysql -V

[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-agent

修改完毕后，我们可以看到在Item项都显示Not supported，如图：

此时修改一下zabbix对无效监控项的刷新时间，默认是600s，我们改为30s。修改完成后就会变成enabled

"Administration"-->"General"-->右上角选择"other"-->"Refresh unsupported items (in sec)"改为30

• 4.灵活使用宏变量（Macrros）进行传参配置用户名密码监控

如图：在主机中配置变量

（1）修改配置文件：
[root@linux-node2 ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d/userparameter_mysql.conf
UserParameter=mysql.status[*],echo "show global status where Variable_name='$3';" | HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysql -u$ -p$ -N | awk '{print $$2}'
UserParameter=mysql.ping[*],HOME=/var/lib/zabbix mysqladmin -u$ -p$ ping| grep -c alive
[root@linux-node2 ~]# systemctl restart zabbix-agent

此时，如果未传入用户名密码访问是被拒绝的：
[root@linux-node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s linux-node2 -k mysql.status[Slow_queries]
Enter password: ERROR  (): Access denied for user 'Slow_queries'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
[root@linux-node1 ~]# zabbix_get -s linux-node2 -k mysql.status[zabbix,zabbix,Slow_queries]


（2）修改模板，模板中的变量值可以不设置，因为在连接模板时进行修改变量，此时会自动覆盖在模板设置的变量值:

（3）修改模板中的Item：增加传参的变量{$USER},{PASSWD}