第十八篇 -- QTreeWidget应用篇 -- kuwo

效果图：

最近学习QTreeWidget，总想着做些什么，正好学习过一点简单的爬虫，就做了一个简易的“酷我音乐下载器”，界面可能不太好看，以后继续优化。

ui_kuwo.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'ui_kuwo.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.13.0
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(800, 624)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(10)
        MainWindow.setFont(font)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.centralwidget)
        self.lineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 20, 681, 41))
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(12)
        self.lineEdit.setFont(font)
        self.lineEdit.setStyleSheet("border:2px groove gray;border-radius:10px;padding:2px 4px")
        self.lineEdit.setInputMask("")
        self.lineEdit.setText("")
        self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
        self.treeWidget = QtWidgets.QTreeWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.treeWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 110, 681, 411))
        self.treeWidget.setObjectName("treeWidget")
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setTextAlignment(0, QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setFont(0, font)
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setTextAlignment(1, QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setFont(1, font)
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setTextAlignment(2, QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setFont(2, font)
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setTextAlignment(3, QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setFont(3, font)
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setTextAlignment(4, QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter)
        font = QtGui.QFont()
        font.setPointSize(10)
        font.setBold(True)
        font.setWeight(75)
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setFont(4, font)
        self.treeWidget.header().setDefaultSectionSize(130)
        self.btnSel_ALL = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.btnSel_ALL.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 80, 75, 23))
        self.btnSel_ALL.setObjectName("btnSel_ALL")
        self.btnSel_None = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.btnSel_None.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(340, 80, 75, 23))
        self.btnSel_None.setObjectName("btnSel_None")
        self.btnSel_Invs = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)
        self.btnSel_Invs.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(470, 80, 75, 23))
        self.btnSel_Invs.setObjectName("btnSel_Invs")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.centralwidget)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(60, 530, 681, 16))
        self.label.setText("")
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 21))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.toolBar = QtWidgets.QToolBar(MainWindow)
        self.toolBar.setToolButtonStyle(QtCore.Qt.ToolButtonTextUnderIcon)
        self.toolBar.setObjectName("toolBar")
        MainWindow.addToolBar(QtCore.Qt.TopToolBarArea, self.toolBar)
        self.actSong_Download = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        icon = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("Image/icon/download.jpg"), QtGui.QIcon.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        self.actSong_Download.setIcon(icon)
        self.actSong_Download.setObjectName("actSong_Download")
        self.actSong_Search = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        icon1 = QtGui.QIcon()
        icon1.addPixmap(QtGui.QPixmap("Image/icon/search.jpg"), QtGui.QIcon.Normal, QtGui.QIcon.Off)
        self.actSong_Search.setIcon(icon1)
        self.actSong_Search.setObjectName("actSong_Search")
        self.toolBar.addAction(self.actSong_Download)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "酷我音乐下载器"))
        self.lineEdit.setPlaceholderText(_translate("MainWindow", "请输入歌手名/歌曲名"))
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "序号"))
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setText(1, _translate("MainWindow", "歌曲"))
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setText(2, _translate("MainWindow", "歌手"))
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setText(3, _translate("MainWindow", "专辑"))
        self.treeWidget.headerItem().setText(4, _translate("MainWindow", "时长"))
        self.btnSel_ALL.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "全选"))
        self.btnSel_None.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "全不选"))
        self.btnSel_Invs.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "反选"))
        self.toolBar.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "toolBar"))
        self.actSong_Download.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "下载歌曲"))
        self.actSong_Download.setToolTip(_translate("MainWindow", "下载歌曲"))
        self.actSong_Search.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "搜索"))
        self.actSong_Search.setToolTip(_translate("MainWindow", "搜索"))

myMainWindow_kuwo.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
# _*_ coding: UTF-8 _*_
"""=================================================
@Project -> File    : Operate-system -> myMainWindow_kuwo_download.py
@IDE     : PyCharm
@Author  : zihan
@Date    : 2020/4/21 10:26
@Desc    :
================================================="""

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QTreeWidgetItem, QLineEdit
from enum import Enum
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt, QThread, pyqtSignal
from ui_kuwo import Ui_MainWindow
import requests
import os

def create_folder(path):
    if os.path.exists(path):
        pass
    else:
        os.mkdir(path)

# 节点类型的枚举类型
class TreeItemType(Enum):
    itTopItem = 1001  # 顶层节点
    itGroupItem = 1002  # 分组节点
    itImageItem = 1003  # 图片文件节点

class TreeColNum(Enum):  # 目录树的列号的枚举类型
    col_order = 0  # 序号列
    col_song_name = 1   # 歌曲名列
    col_singer_name = 2  # 歌手列
    col_singer_album = 3  # 专辑列
    col_song_time = 4  # 时长列
    col_song_rid = 5  # rid

class SongDownload(QThread):
    label_str = pyqtSignal(str)

    def __init__(self, path, song_url, song_name):
        super(SongDownload, self).__init__()
        self.__path = path
        self.__url = song_url
        self.__songname = song_name

    def run(self):
        self.label_str.emit("正在请求响应...请耐心等待")
        # self.label_str.emit("正在下载{}".format(self.__songname))
        # print("正在下载{}".format(self.__songname))
        data = requests.get(self.__url).content

        with open(self.__path + "/" + self.__songname + ".mp3", "wb") as f:
            f.write(data)
        self.label_str.emit(self.__songname + " 成功下载到" + self.__path)
        print(self.__songname + " 成功下载到" + self.__path)

class QmyMainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        super().__init__(parent)
        self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
        self.ui.setupUi(self)
        self.thread = None

        self.itemFlags = Qt.ItemIsSelectable | Qt.ItemIsUserCheckable | Qt.ItemIsEnabled | Qt.ItemIsAutoTristate

        self.ui.lineEdit.addAction(self.ui.actSong_Search, QLineEdit.TrailingPosition)

        self.ui.treeWidget.hideColumn(5)

        # 当点击搜索时
        self.ui.actSong_Search.triggered.connect(self.do_act_song_search_triggered)
        # 全选
        self.ui.btnSel_ALL.clicked.connect(self.do_btn_sel_all_clicked)
        # 全不选
        self.ui.btnSel_None.clicked.connect(self.do_btn_sel_none_clicked)
        # 反选
        self.ui.btnSel_Invs.clicked.connect(self.do_btn_sel_invs_clicked)
        # 当点击下载歌曲时
        self.ui.actSong_Download.triggered.connect(self.do_act_song_download_triggered)

    # 全选
    def do_btn_sel_all_clicked(self):
        for i in range(self.ui.treeWidget.topLevelItemCount()):
            aItem = self.ui.treeWidget.topLevelItem(i)
            aItem.setCheckState(TreeColNum.col_order.value, Qt.Checked)

    # 全不选
    def do_btn_sel_none_clicked(self):
        for i in range(self.ui.treeWidget.topLevelItemCount()):
            aItem = self.ui.treeWidget.topLevelItem(i)
            aItem.setCheckState(TreeColNum.col_order.value, Qt.Unchecked)

    # 反选
    def do_btn_sel_invs_clicked(self):
        for i in range(self.ui.treeWidget.topLevelItemCount()):
            aItem = self.ui.treeWidget.topLevelItem(i)
            if aItem.checkState(TreeColNum.col_order.value) != Qt.Checked:
                aItem.setCheckState(TreeColNum.col_order.value, Qt.Checked)
            else:
                aItem.setCheckState(TreeColNum.col_order.value, Qt.Unchecked)

    # 当点击搜索按钮时
    def do_act_song_search_triggered(self):
        # 获取歌手名或者歌曲名
        search_text = self.ui.lineEdit.text()
        self.ui.treeWidget.clear()
        self.get_kuwo_songs(search_text)

    # 搜索之后列出歌单
    def show_songs_tree(self, order, song_name, singer_name, singer_album, song_time, song_rid):
        # 创建节点
        item = QTreeWidgetItem(TreeItemType.itTopItem.value)
        item.setText(TreeColNum.col_order.value, str(order+1))
        item.setText(TreeColNum.col_song_name.value, song_name)
        item.setText(TreeColNum.col_singer_name.value, singer_name)
        item.setText(TreeColNum.col_singer_album.value, singer_album)
        item.setText(TreeColNum.col_song_time.value, song_time)
        item.setText(TreeColNum.col_song_rid.value, str(song_rid))

        item.setFlags(self.itemFlags)
        item.setCheckState(TreeColNum.col_order.value, Qt.Checked)
        item.setData(TreeColNum.col_order.value, Qt.UserRole, "")

        # 设置文字居中
        item.setTextAlignment(TreeColNum.col_order.value, Qt.AlignCenter)
        item.setTextAlignment(TreeColNum.col_song_name.value, Qt.AlignCenter)
        item.setTextAlignment(TreeColNum.col_singer_name.value, Qt.AlignCenter)
        item.setTextAlignment(TreeColNum.col_singer_album.value, Qt.AlignCenter)
        item.setTextAlignment(TreeColNum.col_song_time.value, Qt.AlignCenter)
        item.setTextAlignment(TreeColNum.col_song_rid.value, Qt.AlignCenter)
        self.ui.treeWidget.addTopLevelItem(item)

    # 获取歌曲，默认5页
    def get_kuwo_songs(self, key, page=5):
        # 右键检查-->network-->在Name找到searchMusicBykeyWord?点开，在右侧可以看到请求头和url信息
        headers = {
            'User-Agent': "agent信息",
            'Referer': "refer信息",
            'csrf': "csrf信息",
            'Cookie': "cookie信息"
        }
        order = 0
        for i in range(1, page + 1):
            url = "http://www.kuwo.cn/api/www/search/searchMusicBykeyWord?key={}&pn={}".format(key, i)
            html = requests.get(url, headers=headers).json()
            data = html["data"]["list"]
            for dic_songs_info in data:
                song_rid = dic_songs_info["rid"]
                song_name = dic_songs_info["name"]
                singer_name = dic_songs_info["artist"]
                song_time = dic_songs_info["songTimeMinutes"]
                singer_album = dic_songs_info["album"]
                path_singer = "./酷我音乐/" + self.ui.lineEdit.text()
                create_folder(path_singer)
                self.show_songs_tree(order, song_name, singer_name, singer_album, song_time, song_rid)
                order = order + 1

    def start_thread(self, path_singer, song_url, song_name):
        # 创建线程
        self.thread = SongDownload(path_singer, song_url, song_name)
        # 连接信号
        self.thread.label_str[str].connect(self.do_label_change)
        # 开启线程
        self.thread.start()

    # 当点击下载
    def do_act_song_download_triggered(self):
        for i in range(self.ui.treeWidget.topLevelItemCount()):
            aItem = self.ui.treeWidget.topLevelItem(i)
            if aItem.checkState(TreeColNum.col_order.value) != Qt.Checked:
                pass
            else:
                song_name = aItem.text(1)
                song_rid = int(aItem.text(5))
                song_url = self.get_one_song_url(song_rid)
                path_singer = "./酷我音乐/" + self.ui.lineEdit.text()
                self.start_thread(path_singer, song_url, song_name)

    # 获取一首歌的url
    def get_one_song_url(self, rid):
        # 点开一首免费歌曲，找到url格式url?format，点开找到头信息
        url = "http://www.kuwo.cn/url?format=mp3&rid={}&response=url&type=convert_url3&br=128kmp3&from=web&t=1587429921873&reqId=617f0321-8369-11ea-80b3-bbd056ce88a1".format(
            rid)
        headers = {
            'Cookie': "",
            'Referer': "",
            'User-Agent': "",
            'csrf': ""
        }
        data = requests.get(url, headers=headers).json()
        # {'code': 200, 'msg': 'success', 'url': 'https://win-web-ra01-sycdn.kuwo.cn/e9cbd04a0602f9f82c40e0f1800fa696/5e9e44a1/resource/n3/128/43/28/1310690697.mp3'}
        song_url = data["url"]
        return song_url

    def do_label_change(self, str_label):
        self.ui.label.setText(str_label)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)  # 创建app，用QApplication类
    form = QmyMainWindow()
    form.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

下面说一些值得注意的点。

一、搜索歌曲时请求头信息

初学者容易在这个地方就卡住，我用的google浏览器，现在就这个跟大家分享一下。

首先，打开酷我音乐网页，随便搜索一个歌手名，比如周杰伦。

可以看到他的歌单，此时鼠标右击打开Inspect-->NetWork

在左边找到searchMusicByKeyWord这种样式单击鼠标左键，可以在右边看到url以及请求头信息。

二、下载歌曲时，url格式的获取

这是第二个值得注意的地方，这时，需要找到一个可以免费播放的歌曲，然后在network左侧找到url?format这种样式的单击鼠标左键，在右侧找到url链接（我个人是这样找的，但是我觉得原理可能并不是这样，如果没有免费歌曲的话，那岂不是下载不了，如果有谁知道正确简单的查找方法，欢迎在评论区分享给大家，谢谢。）