升级ruby的版本

升级ruby版本，有时候安装ruby的版本过低，需要进行升级，例如安装在centos6.7安装fpm需要ruby版本在1.9以上。

1、主机环境如下：

 [root@test ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
 CentOS release 6.7 (Final)
 [root@test ~]# uname -r
 2.6.-.el6.x86_64

2、使用yum安装ruby

 [root@web ~]# yum install rubygems ruby-devel
 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
 Setting up Install Process
 base                                                                                                   | 3.7 kB     :
 base/primary_db                                                                                        | 4.7 MB     :
 extras                                                                                                 | 3.4 kB     :
 extras/primary_db                                                                                      |   kB     :
 updates                                                                                                | 3.4 kB     :
 updates/primary_db                                                                                     | 8.1 MB     :
 Resolving Dependencies
 --> Running transaction check
 ---> Package ruby-devel.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6 will be installed
 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-libs = 1.8.7.374-.el6 for package: ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64
 --> Processing Dependency: libruby.so.1.8()(64bit) for package: ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64
 ---> Package rubygems.noarch :1.3.-.el6 will be installed
 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-rdoc for package: rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch
 --> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/ruby for package: rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch
 --> Running transaction check
 ---> Package ruby.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6 will be installed
 ---> Package ruby-libs.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6 will be installed
 ---> Package ruby-rdoc.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6 will be installed
 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-irb = 1.8.7.374-.el6 for package: ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64
 --> Running transaction check
 ---> Package ruby-irb.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6 will be installed
 --> Finished Dependency Resolution

 Dependencies Resolved

 ==============================================================================================================================
  Package                        Arch                       Version                             Repository                Size
 ==============================================================================================================================
 Installing:
  ruby-devel                     x86_64                     1.8.7.374-.el6                     base                      k
  rubygems                       noarch                     1.3.-.el6                         base                      k
 Installing for dependencies:
  ruby                           x86_64                     1.8.7.374-.el6                     base                      k
  ruby-irb                       x86_64                     1.8.7.374-.el6                     base                      k
  ruby-libs                      x86_64                     1.8.7.374-.el6                     base                     1.7 M
  ruby-rdoc                      x86_64                     1.8.7.374-.el6                     base                      k

 Transaction Summary
 ==============================================================================================================================
 Install        Package(s)

 Total download size: 3.4 M
 Installed size:  M
 Is this ok [y/N]: y
 Downloading Packages:
 (/): ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                 |  kB     :
 (/): ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                           |  kB     :
 (/): ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                             |  kB     :
 (/): ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                            | 1.7 MB     :
 (/): ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                            |  kB     :
 (/): rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch.rpm                                                                 |  kB     :
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Total                                                                                          kB/s | 3.4 MB     :
 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY
 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
 Importing GPG key 0xC105B9DE:
  Userid : CentOS- Key (CentOS  Official Signing Key) <centos--key@centos.org>
  Package: centos-release--.el6.centos.12.3.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-.x86_64/6.7)
  From   : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-
 Is this ok [y/N]: y
 Running rpm_check_debug
 Running Transaction Test
 Transaction Test Succeeded
 Running Transaction
   Installing : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                           /
   Installing : ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                                /
   Installing : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                            /
   Installing : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                           /
   Installing : rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch                                                                                /
   Installing : ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                          /
   Verifying  : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                           /
   Verifying  : ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                                /
   Verifying  : rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch                                                                                /
   Verifying  : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                           /
   Verifying  : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                            /
   Verifying  : ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                          / 

 Installed:
   ruby-devel.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6                              rubygems.noarch :1.3.-.el6                             

 Dependency Installed:
   ruby.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6             ruby-irb.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6        ruby-libs.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6
   ruby-rdoc.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6       

 Complete!

3、查看ruby的版本

 [root@web ~]# ruby -v
 ruby 1.8. (-- patchlevel ) [x86_64-linux]

4、升级ruby1.9.3版本

1）删除原来的rubygems仓库

[root@web ~]# gem sources --remove http://rubygems.org/

2）添加aliyun的rubygems仓库

[root@web ~]# gem sources -a http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/ 

3）查看rubygems仓库

 [root@web ~]# gem sources -l
 *** CURRENT SOURCES ***

 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/

4）使用RVM进行升级ruby

a:在rvm官方网址：https://rvm.io/执行如下命令：

 [root@web ~]#  gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB
 gpg: requesting key D39DC0E3 from hkp server keys.gnupg.net
 gpg: requesting key 39499BDB from hkp server keys.gnupg.net
 gpg: key D39DC0E3: "Michal Papis (RVM signing) <mpapis@gmail.com>" not changed
 gpg: key 39499BDB: public key "Piotr Kuczynski <piotr.kuczynski@gmail.com>" imported
 gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found
 gpg: Total number processed:
 gpg:               imported:   (RSA: )
 gpg:              unchanged: 

b:接着执行如下命令：

 [root@web ~]# \curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
 Downloading https://github.com/rvm/rvm/archive/1.29.3.tar.gz
 curl: () SSL connect error

 Could not download 'https://github.com/rvm/rvm/archive/1.29.3.tar.gz'.
   curl returned status ''.

 Downloading https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/get/1.29.3.tar.gz
 Downloading https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/downloads/1.29.3.tar.gz.asc
 curl: () couldn't connect to host

 Could not download 'https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/downloads/1.29.3.tar.gz.asc'.
   curl returned status ''.

 Creating group 'rvm'

 Installing RVM to /usr/local/rvm/
 Installation of RVM in /usr/local/rvm/ is almost complete:

   * First you need to add all users that will be using rvm to 'rvm' group,
     and logout - login again, anyone using rvm will be operating with `umask u=rwx,g=rwx,o=rx`.

   * To start using RVM you need to run `source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh`
     in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.

c:执行上述命令 * To start using RVM you need to run `source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh`

[root@web ~]# source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh

5、查看RVM可安装的ruby的版本

 [root@web ~]# rvm list known
 # MRI Rubies
 [ruby-]1.8.[-p420]
 [ruby-]1.8.[-head] # security released on head
 [ruby-]1.9.[-p431]
 [ruby-]1.9.[-p330]
 [ruby-]1.9.[-p551]
 [ruby-]2.0.[-p648]
 [ruby-]2.1[.]
 [ruby-]2.2[.]
 [ruby-]2.3[.]
 [ruby-]2.4[.]
 ruby-head

 # for forks use: rvm install ruby-head-<name> --url https://github.com/github/ruby.git --branch 2.2

 # JRuby
 jruby-1.6[.]
 jruby-1.7[.]
 jruby[-9.1.13.0]
 jruby-head

 # Rubinius
 rbx-[.4.3]
 rbx-2.3[.]
 rbx-2.4[.]
 rbx-[.5.8]
 rbx-[.]
 rbx-head

 # Opal
 opal

 # Minimalistic ruby implementation - ISO :
 mruby-1.0.
 mruby-1.1.
 mruby-1.2.
 mruby-[.3.0]
 mruby[-head]

 # Ruby Enterprise Edition
 ree-1.8.
 ree[-1.8.][-2012.02]

 # Topaz
 topaz

 # MagLev
 maglev[-head]
 maglev-1.0.

 # Mac OS X Snow Leopard Or Newer
 macruby-0.10
 macruby-0.11
 macruby[-0.12]
 macruby-nightly
 macruby-head

 # IronRuby
 ironruby[-1.1.]
 ironruby-head

6、安装ruby-1.9.3版本

 [root@web ~]# rvm install 1.9.
 Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.
 Found remote file https://rvm_io.global.ssl.fastly.net/binaries/centos/6/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p551.tar.bz2
 Checking requirements for centos.
 Installing requirements for centos.
 Installing required packages: libffi-devel, readline-devel, sqlite-devel, zlib-devel, libyaml-devel, openssl-devel...........|
 Requirements installation successful.
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #configure
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #download
   % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                  Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
  10.2M   10.2M            188k        ::  :: --:--:--  223k
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #validate archive
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #extract
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #validate binary
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #setup
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #gemset created /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.-p551@global
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #importing gemset /usr/local/rvm/gemsets/global.gems...................................
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #generating global wrappers........
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #gemset created /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.-p551
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #importing gemsetfile /usr/local/rvm/gemsets/default.gems evaluated to empty gem list
 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #generating default wrappers........

7、查看ruby是否升级成功

 [root@web ~]# ruby -v
 ruby 1.9.3p551 (-- revision ) [x86_64-linux]

至此，ruby版本升级成功