Spring IOC 的源码分析

刚学习Spring的时候，印象最深的就是 DispatcherServlet，所谓的中央调度器，我也尝试从这个万能胶这里找到入口

configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext()方法，应该就是IOC容器初始化的真正入口

    protected void configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac) {
        if (ObjectUtils.identityToString(wac).equals(wac.getId())) {
            if (this.contextId != null) {
                wac.setId(this.contextId);
            }
            else {
                wac.setId(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ID_PREFIX +
                        ObjectUtils.getDisplayString(getServletContext().getContextPath()) + '/' + getServletName());
            }
        }
        wac.setServletContext(getServletContext());
        wac.setServletConfig(getServletConfig());
        wac.setNamespace(getNamespace());
        wac.addApplicationListener(new SourceFilteringListener(wac, new ContextRefreshListener()));
        ConfigurableEnvironment env = wac.getEnvironment();
        if (env instanceof ConfigurableWebEnvironment) {
            ((ConfigurableWebEnvironment) env).initPropertySources(getServletContext(), getServletConfig());
        }
        postProcessWebApplicationContext(wac);
        applyInitializers(wac);
        //核心代码
        wac.refresh();
    }

上面代码中的wac（ConfigurableWebApplicationContext），执行了它的父类AbstractApplicationContext中的refresh的模板方法

    @Override
    public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
        synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {//调用容器准备刷新的方法，获取容器的当时时间，同时给容器设置同步标识
            prepareRefresh();//子类的refreshBeanFactory()方法启动
            ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();//为BeanFactory配置容器特性，例如类加载器、事件处理器等
            prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
            try {//注册BeanFactory的事件
                postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);//调用所有注册的BeanFactoryPostProcessor
                invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);//注册Bean处理器，用于监听容器触发的事件
                registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);//初始化信息源，和国际化相关.
                initMessageSource();//初始化容器事件传播器.
                initApplicationEventMulticaster();//调用子类的某些特殊Bean初始化方法
                onRefresh();//为事件传播器注册事件监听器.
                registerListeners();//初始化所有剩余的单例Bean
                finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);//初始化容器的生命周期事件处理器，并发布容器的生命周期事件
                finishRefresh();
            }
            catch (BeansException ex) {
                if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                            "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
                }//销毁已创建的Bean
                destroyBeans();//取消refresh操作，重置容器的同步标识.
                cancelRefresh(ex);
                throw ex;
            }
            finally {
                resetCommonCaches();
            }
        }
    }

手写测试用例(xml配置的bean实例)

      ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("xxx.xml");
      //获取bean
      ctx .getBean("xxx");

通过跟踪代码和debug的方式，找到了初始化流程

ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 的构造方法，最终走了如下构造方法

    public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
            String[] configLocations, boolean refresh, @Nullable ApplicationContext parent)
            throws BeansException {

        super(parent);
        setConfigLocations(configLocations);
        if (refresh) {
            //和上面的分析一样调用的是父类AbstractApplicationContext的模板方法
            refresh();
        }
    }

 refresh方法中的obtainFreshBeanFactory

    protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {
        //委派模式，父类定义了抽象的refreshBeanFactory()方法，具体实现调用子类容器的refreshBeanFactory()方法，子类refresh BeanFactory
        refreshBeanFactory();
        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Bean factory for " + getDisplayName() + ": " + beanFactory);
        }
        return beanFactory;
    }

到AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext类的refreshBeanFactory（）方法

    @Override
    protected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {
        //如果已经有容器，销毁容器中的bean，关闭容器
        if (hasBeanFactory()) {
            destroyBeans();
            closeBeanFactory();
        }
        try {
            //创建IOC容器BeanFactory
            DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();
            beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());
            //对IOC容器进行定制化，如设置启动参数，开启注解的自动装配等
            customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);
            //调用载入Bean定义的方法，子类实现
            loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);
            synchronized (this.beanFactoryMonitor) {
                this.beanFactory = beanFactory;
            }
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);
        }
    }

loadBeanDefinitions有四个实现

明显到  AbstractXmlApplicationContext 的 loadBeanDefinitions（）方法

    @Override
    protected void loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException, IOException {//创建XmlBeanDefinitionReader，即创建Bean读取器，并通过回调设置到容器中去，容器使用该读取器读取Bean定义资源
        XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
        //set参数 环境，资源加载器，解析器
        beanDefinitionReader.setEnvironment(this.getEnvironment());
        beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
        beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));
//当Bean读取器读取Bean定义的Xml资源文件时，启用Xml的校验机制
        initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
        //Bean读取器真正实现加载的方法
        loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
    }

loadBeanDefinitions的重载方法

    //Xml Bean读取器加载Bean定义资源
    protected void loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
        //获取Bean定义资源的定位
        Resource[] configResources = getConfigResources();
        if (configResources != null) {
            //Xml Bean读取器调用其父类AbstractBeanDefinitionReader读取定位
            reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configResources);
        }
        //如果子类中获取的Bean定义资源定位为空，则获取FileSystemXmlApplicationContext构造方法中setConfigLocations方法设置的资源
        String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
        if (configLocations != null) {
            //Xml Bean读取器调用其父类AbstractBeanDefinitionReader读取定位
            reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations);
        }
    }

最终到父类AbstractBeanDefinitionReader的loadBeanDefinitions 重载方法

    public int loadBeanDefinitions(String location, @Nullable Set<Resource> actualResources) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
        //获取在IoC容器初始化过程中设置的资源加载器
        ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();
        if (resourceLoader == null) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                    "Cannot import bean definitions from location [" + location + "]: no ResourceLoader available");
        }

        if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) {
            try {
                //将指定位置的Bean定义资源文件解析为Spring IOC容器封装的资源
                //加载多个指定位置的Bean定义资源文件
                Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location);
                //委派调用其子类XmlBeanDefinitionReader的方法，实现加载功能
                int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resources);
                if (actualResources != null) {
                    for (Resource resource : resources) {
                        actualResources.add(resource);
                    }
                }
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location pattern [" + location + "]");
                }
                return loadCount;
            }
            catch (IOException ex) {
                throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                        "Could not resolve bean definition resource pattern [" + location + "]", ex);
            }
        }
        else {
            Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location);
            //委派调用其子类XmlBeanDefinitionReader的方法，实现加载功能
            int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
            if (actualResources != null) {
                actualResources.add(resource);
            }
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location [" + location + "]");
            }
            return loadCount;
        }
    }

子类XmlBeanDefinitionReader的loadBeanDefinitions（）方法

    //这里是载入XML形式Bean定义资源文件方法
    public int loadBeanDefinitions(EncodedResource encodedResource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
        Assert.notNull(encodedResource, "EncodedResource must not be null");
        if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
            logger.info("Loading XML bean definitions from " + encodedResource.getResource());
        }

        Set<EncodedResource> currentResources = this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.get();
        if (currentResources == null) {
            currentResources = new HashSet<>(4);
            this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.set(currentResources);
        }
        if (!currentResources.add(encodedResource)) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                    "Detected cyclic loading of " + encodedResource + " - check your import definitions!");
        }
        try {
            //将资源文件转为InputStream的IO流
            InputStream inputStream = encodedResource.getResource().getInputStream();
            try {
                //从InputStream中得到XML的解析源
                InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(inputStream);
                if (encodedResource.getEncoding() != null) {
                    inputSource.setEncoding(encodedResource.getEncoding());
                }
                //真实的读取过程
                return doLoadBeanDefinitions(inputSource, encodedResource.getResource());
            }
            finally {
                //关闭从Resource中得到的IO流
                inputStream.close();
            }
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
                    "IOException parsing XML document from " + encodedResource.getResource(), ex);
        }
        finally {
            currentResources.remove(encodedResource);
            if (currentResources.isEmpty()) {
                this.resourcesCurrentlyBeingLoaded.remove();
            }
        }
    }

doLoadBeanDefinitions方法

    protected int doLoadBeanDefinitions(InputSource inputSource, Resource resource)
            throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
        try {
            //将XML文件转换为DOM对象，解析过程由documentLoader实现
            Document doc = doLoadDocument(inputSource, resource);
            //这里是启动对Bean定义解析的详细过程，该解析过程会用到Spring的Bean配置规则
            return registerBeanDefinitions(doc, resource);
        }
        catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
            throw ex;
        }
        catch (SAXParseException ex) {
            throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
                    "Line " + ex.getLineNumber() + " in XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
        }
        catch (SAXException ex) {
            throw new XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
                    "XML document from " + resource + " is invalid", ex);
        }
        catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
                    "Parser configuration exception parsing XML from " + resource, ex);
        }
        catch (IOException ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
                    "IOException parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
        }
        catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(resource.getDescription(),
                    "Unexpected exception parsing XML document from " + resource, ex);
        }
    }

registerBeanDefinitions方法

    public int registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, Resource resource) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
        //得到BeanDefinitionDocumentReader来对xml格式的BeanDefinition解析
        BeanDefinitionDocumentReader documentReader = createBeanDefinitionDocumentReader();
        //获得容器中注册的Bean数量
        int countBefore = getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount();//实现类DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader完成
        documentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(doc, createReaderContext(resource));
        //统计解析的Bean数量
        return getRegistry().getBeanDefinitionCount() - countBefore;
    }

子类DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader的registerBeanDefinitions方法

    @Override
    public void registerBeanDefinitions(Document doc, XmlReaderContext readerContext) {
        this.readerContext = readerContext;
        logger.debug("Loading bean definitions");
        //获得Document的根元素
        Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
        //真实注册
        doRegisterBeanDefinitions(root);
    }

doRegisterBeanDefinitions方法

    protected void doRegisterBeanDefinitions(Element root) {
        BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate;
        this.delegate = createDelegate(getReaderContext(), root, parent);

        if (this.delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
            String profileSpec = root.getAttribute(PROFILE_ATTRIBUTE);
            if (StringUtils.hasText(profileSpec)) {
                String[] specifiedProfiles = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(
                        profileSpec, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS);
                if (!getReaderContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(specifiedProfiles)) {
                    if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                        logger.info("Skipped XML bean definition file due to specified profiles [" + profileSpec +
                                "] not matching: " + getReaderContext().getResource());
                    }
                    return;
                }
            }
        }

        //准备解析xml
        preProcessXml(root);
        //从Document的根元素开始进行Bean定义的Document对象
        parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate);
        //在解析Bean定义之后，进行自定义的解析，增加解析过程的可扩展性
        postProcessXml(root);

        this.delegate = parent;
    }

parseBeanDefinitions方法

    //使用Spring的Bean规则从Document的根元素开始进行Bean定义的Document对象
    protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
        //判断默认的XML命名空间
        if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) {
            //获取Bean定义的Document对象根元素的所有子节点
            NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes();
            for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) {
                Node node = nl.item(i);
                //获得Document节点是XML元素节点
                if (node instanceof Element) {
                    Element ele = (Element) node;
                    if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) {
                        //使用Spring的Bean规则解析元素节点
                        parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate);
                    }
                    else {
                        //没有使用Spring默认的XML命名空间，则使用用户自定义的解//析规则解析元素节点
                        delegate.parseCustomElement(ele);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else {
            delegate.parseCustomElement(root);
        }
    }

parseDefaultElement方法

    private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
        //元素节点是<Import>导入元素，进行导入解析
        if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) {
            importBeanDefinitionResource(ele);
        }
        //元素节点是<Alias>别名元素，进行别名解析
        else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) {
            processAliasRegistration(ele);
        }
        //元素节点既不是导入元素，也不是别名元素，即普通的<Bean>元素，
        //按照Spring的Bean规则解析元素
        else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) {
            processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate);
        }
        else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) {
            // recurse
            doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele);
        }
    }

只看普通bean的解析processBeanDefinition方法

    protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) {
        BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele);
        // BeanDefinitionHolder是对BeanDefinition的封装，即Bean定义的封装类
        if (bdHolder != null) {
            bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder);
            try {//向Spring IOC容器注册解析得到的Bean定义，这是Bean定义向IOC容器注册的入口
                BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
            }
            catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) {
                getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" +
                        bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex);
            }//在完成向Spring IOC容器注册解析得到的Bean定义之后，发送注册事件
            getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder));
        }
    }

BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition方法

    public static void registerBeanDefinition(
            BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry)
            throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
//获取解析的BeanDefinition的名称
        String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName();
        //向IOC容器注册BeanDefinition
        registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition());
//别名处理
        String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases();
        if (aliases != null) {
            for (String alias : aliases) {
                registry.registerAlias(beanName, alias);
            }
        }
    }

到DefaultListableBeanFactory类的registerBeanDefinition方法

    //向IOC容器注册解析出来的BeanDefiniton
    @Override
    public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition)
            throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
        Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name must not be empty");
        Assert.notNull(beanDefinition, "BeanDefinition must not be null");
        //校验解析
        if (beanDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
            try {
                ((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDefinition).validate();
            }
            catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
                throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                        "Validation of bean definition failed", ex);
            }
        }
        BeanDefinition oldBeanDefinition;
        oldBeanDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName);
        if (oldBeanDefinition != null) {
            if (!isAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding()) {
                throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                        "Cannot register bean definition [" + beanDefinition + "] for bean '" + beanName +
                        "': There is already [" + oldBeanDefinition + "] bound.");
            }
            else if (oldBeanDefinition.getRole() < beanDefinition.getRole()) {
                if (this.logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.warn("Overriding user-defined bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
                            "' with a framework-generated bean definition: replacing [" +
                            oldBeanDefinition + "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
                }
            }
            else if (!beanDefinition.equals(oldBeanDefinition)) {
                if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.info("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
                            "' with a different definition: replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition +
                            "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
                }
            }
            else {
                if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    this.logger.debug("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
                            "' with an equivalent definition: replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition +
                            "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
                }
            }
            this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
        }
        else {
            if (hasBeanCreationStarted()) {//同步
                synchronized (this.beanDefinitionMap) {
                     //注册
                    this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
                    List<String> updatedDefinitions = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames.size() + 1);
                    updatedDefinitions.addAll(this.beanDefinitionNames);
                    updatedDefinitions.add(beanName);
                    this.beanDefinitionNames = updatedDefinitions;
                    if (this.manualSingletonNames.contains(beanName)) {
                        Set<String> updatedSingletons = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.manualSingletonNames);
                        updatedSingletons.remove(beanName);
                        this.manualSingletonNames = updatedSingletons;
                    }
                }
            }
            else {
                this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
                this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName);
                this.manualSingletonNames.remove(beanName);
            }
            this.frozenBeanDefinitionNames = null;
        }

        //检查是否有同名的BeanDefinition已经在IOC容器中注册
        if (oldBeanDefinition != null || containsSingleton(beanName)) {
            //重置所有已经注册过的BeanDefinition的缓存
            resetBeanDefinition(beanName);
        }
    }

到这个AbstractApplicationContext类的obtainFreshBeanFactory方法 终于结束了。

继续看AbstractApplicationContext中refresh方法中的prepareBeanFactory方法：配置工厂的标准上下文特征，例如上下文的ClassLoader和后处理器

    protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
        // Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader etc.
        beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
        beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
        beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));

        // Configure the bean factory with context callbacks.
        beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);

        // BeanFactory interface not registered as resolvable type in a plain factory.
        // MessageSource registered (and found for autowiring) as a bean.
        beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);
        beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);
        beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);
        beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);

        // Register early post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners.
        beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));

        // Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.
        if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
            beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
            // Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.
            beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
        }

        // Register default environment beans.
        if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
            beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());
        }
        if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {
            beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());
        }
        if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {
            beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());
        }
    }

refresh方法中的postProcessBeanFactory（）

    protected void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
        beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ServletContextAwareProcessor(this.servletContext, this.servletConfig));
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ServletContextAware.class);
        beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ServletConfigAware.class);

        WebApplicationContextUtils.registerWebApplicationScopes(beanFactory, this.servletContext);
        WebApplicationContextUtils.registerEnvironmentBeans(beanFactory, this.servletContext, this.servletConfig);
    }

refresh方法中的invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors（）

    protected void invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
        PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory, getBeanFactoryPostProcessors());

        // Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found in the meantime
        // (e.g. through an @Bean method registered by ConfigurationClassPostProcessor)
        if (beanFactory.getTempClassLoader() == null && beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {
            beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));
            beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));
        }
    }

refresh方法中的registerBeanPostProcessors（）

    public static void registerBeanPostProcessors(
            ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory, AbstractApplicationContext applicationContext) {

        String[] postProcessorNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(BeanPostProcessor.class, true, false);

        // Register BeanPostProcessorChecker that logs an info message when
        // a bean is created during BeanPostProcessor instantiation, i.e. when
        // a bean is not eligible for getting processed by all BeanPostProcessors.
        int beanProcessorTargetCount = beanFactory.getBeanPostProcessorCount() + 1 + postProcessorNames.length;
        beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new BeanPostProcessorChecker(beanFactory, beanProcessorTargetCount));

        // Separate between BeanPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered,
        // Ordered, and the rest.
        List<BeanPostProcessor> priorityOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
        List<BeanPostProcessor> internalPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
        List<String> orderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
        List<String> nonOrderedPostProcessorNames = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String ppName : postProcessorNames) {
            if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, PriorityOrdered.class)) {
                BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
                priorityOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
                if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
                    internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
                }
            }
            else if (beanFactory.isTypeMatch(ppName, Ordered.class)) {
                orderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
            }
            else {
                nonOrderedPostProcessorNames.add(ppName);
            }
        }

        // First, register the BeanPostProcessors that implement PriorityOrdered.
        sortPostProcessors(priorityOrderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
        registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, priorityOrderedPostProcessors);

        // Next, register the BeanPostProcessors that implement Ordered.
        List<BeanPostProcessor> orderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String ppName : orderedPostProcessorNames) {
            BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
            orderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
            if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
                internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
            }
        }
        sortPostProcessors(orderedPostProcessors, beanFactory);
        registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, orderedPostProcessors);

        // Now, register all regular BeanPostProcessors.
        List<BeanPostProcessor> nonOrderedPostProcessors = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String ppName : nonOrderedPostProcessorNames) {
            BeanPostProcessor pp = beanFactory.getBean(ppName, BeanPostProcessor.class);
            nonOrderedPostProcessors.add(pp);
            if (pp instanceof MergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessor) {
                internalPostProcessors.add(pp);
            }
        }
        registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, nonOrderedPostProcessors);

        // Finally, re-register all internal BeanPostProcessors.
        sortPostProcessors(internalPostProcessors, beanFactory);
        registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory, internalPostProcessors);

        // Re-register post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners,
        // moving it to the end of the processor chain (for picking up proxies etc).
        beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(applicationContext));
    }

refresh方法中的initMessageSource和initApplicationEventMulticaster  这里就不赘述了

refresh方法中的onRefresh是调用特殊bean的初始化

refresh方法中的registerListeners是注册监听

下面看下refresh方法中的finishBeanFactoryInitialization方法

    protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {//转换服务
        if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
                beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
            beanFactory.setConversionService(
                    beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
        }
        if (!beanFactory.hasEmbeddedValueResolver()) {
            beanFactory.addEmbeddedValueResolver(strVal -> getEnvironment().resolvePlaceholders(strVal));
        }
        String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
        for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
            getBean(weaverAwareName);
        }
        beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);
//冻结Configuration，防止被修改
        beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

        // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
        //对配置了lazy-init属性的单态模式Bean进行预实例化处理
        beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
    }

到 DefaultListableBeanFactory的preInstantiateSingletons方法

public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
        if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            this.logger.debug("Pre-instantiating singletons in " + this);
        }
        List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames);

        for (String beanName : beanNames) {
            //获取bean的RootBeanDefinition
            RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
            //Bean不是抽象的，单态模式，不是懒加载
            if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
                //如果指定名称的bean是创建容器的Bean
                if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
                    //FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX=”&”，当Bean名称前面加”&”符号时，获取的是产生容器对象本身，而不是容器产生的Bean.
                    final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
                    //标识是否需要预实例化
                    boolean isEagerInit;
                    if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
                        isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Boolean>) () ->
                                ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit(),
                                getAccessControlContext());
                    }
                    else {
                        isEagerInit = (factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean &&
                                ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit());
                    }
                    if (isEagerInit) {
                        //触发容器对Bean实例化和依赖注入过程
                        getBean(beanName);
                    }
                }
                else {
                    //触发容器对Bean实例化和依赖注入的过程
                    getBean(beanName);
                }
            }
        }
        for (String beanName : beanNames) {
            Object singletonInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
            if (singletonInstance instanceof SmartInitializingSingleton) {
                final SmartInitializingSingleton smartSingleton = (SmartInitializingSingleton) singletonInstance;
                if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
                    AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
                        smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
                        return null;
                    }, getAccessControlContext());
                }
                else {
                    smartSingleton.afterSingletonsInstantiated();
                }
            }
        }
    }

AbstractBeanFactory的getBean方法，其实调用的是doGetBean方法

    protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
            @Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
        //处理bean名称
        final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
        Object bean;
//对于单例模式的Bean整个IOC容器中只创建一次，不需要重复创建
        Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
        //IOC容器创建单例模式Bean实例对象
        if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                //如果指定名称的Bean在容器中已有单例模式的Bean被创建，直接返回
                if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                    logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
                            "' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
                }
                else {
                    logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
                }
            }
            //获取给定Bean的实例对象，完成FactoryBean的相关处理
            bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
        }

        else {//缓存中已经有已经创建的原型模式Bean，循环引用问题，直接抛出异常
            if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
            }//获得parentBeanFactory
            BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
            //当前容器的父级容器存在，且当前容器中不存在指定名称的Bean
            if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {//原始名称
                String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
                if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
                    return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
                            nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
                }
                else if (args != null) {//委派父级容器根据指定名称和显式的参数查找
                    return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
                }
                else {//委派父级容器根据指定名称和类型查找
                    return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
                }
            }

            if (!typeCheckOnly) {
                markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
            }

            try {//解决Bean继承时子类合并父类公共属性问题
                final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
                checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);//获取当前Bean所有依赖Bean的名称
                String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
                //如果当前Bean有依赖Bean
                if (dependsOn != null) {
                    for (String dep : dependsOn) {
                        if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
                            throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                    "Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
                        }
                        //递归调用getBean方法，获取当前Bean的依赖Bean
                        registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
                        //把被依赖Bean注册给当前依赖的Bean
                        getBean(dep);
                    }
                }
//创建单例模式Bean的实例对象
                if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
                    //这里使用了一个匿名内部类，创建Bean实例对象，并且注册给所依赖的对象
                    sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
                        try {
                            //创建一个指定Bean实例对象，如果有父级继承，则合并子类和父类的定义
                            return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                        }
                        catch (BeansException ex) {//显式地从容器单例模式Bean缓存中清除实例对象
                            destroySingleton(beanName);
                            throw ex;
                        }
                    });
                    //获取给定Bean的实例对象
                    bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                }

                //IOC容器创建原型模式Bean实例对象
                else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
                    Object prototypeInstance = null;
                    try {
                        //回调beforePrototypeCreation方法，默认的功能是注册当前创建的原型对象
                        beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                        //创建指定Bean对象实例
                        prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                    }
                    finally {
                        //回调afterPrototypeCreation方法，默认的功能告诉IOC容器指定Bean的原型对象不再创建
                        afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                    }
                    //获取给定Bean的实例对象
                    bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                }
//其他bean，如：request、session、application等生命周期
                else {
                    String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
                    final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
                    //Bean定义资源中没有配置生命周期范围，则Bean定义不合法
                    if (scope == null) {
                        throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
                    }
                    try {
                        //这里又使用了一个匿名内部类，获取一个指定生命周期范围的实例
                        Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
                            beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                            try {
                                return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                            }
                            finally {
                                afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                            }
                        });
                        //获取给定Bean的实例对象
                        bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                    }
                    catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
                        throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
                                "Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
                                "defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
                                ex);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (BeansException ex) {
                cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        // Check if required type matches the type of the actual bean instance.
        //对创建的Bean实例对象进行类型检查
        if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
            try {
                T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
                if (convertedBean == null) {
                    throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
                }
                return convertedBean;
            }
            catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
                            ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
                }
                throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
            }
        }
        return (T) bean;
    }

到 AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类的createBean方法

    protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
            throws BeanCreationException {
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
        }
        RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
        Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
        if (resolvedClass != null && !mbd.hasBeanClass() && mbd.getBeanClassName() != null) {
            mbdToUse = new RootBeanDefinition(mbd);
            mbdToUse.setBeanClass(resolvedClass);
        }//准备Bean中的方法覆盖
        try {
            mbdToUse.prepareMethodOverrides();
        } catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
            throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(),
                    beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
        }
        try {//如果Bean配置了初始化前和初始化后的处理器，则试图返回一个需要创建Bean的代理对象
            Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbdToUse);
            if (bean != null) {
                return bean;
            }
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                    "BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
        }

        try {
            //创建Bean的入口
            Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbdToUse, args);
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
            }
            return beanInstance;
        } catch (BeanCreationException ex) {
            throw ex;
        } catch (ImplicitlyAppearedSingletonException ex) {
            throw ex;
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    mbdToUse.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Unexpected exception during bean creation", ex);
        }
    }

到 doCreateBean方法

    protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final @Nullable Object[] args)
            throws BeanCreationException {
//Bean对象将被包装成Wrapper
        BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
        if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
            instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
        }
        if (instanceWrapper == null) {
            instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
        }
        final Object bean = instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance();
        //获取实例化对象的类型
        Class<?> beanType = instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass();
        if (beanType != NullBean.class) {
            mbd.resolvedTargetType = beanType;
        }
//调用PostProcessor后置处理器
        synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
            if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
                try {
                    applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
                } catch (Throwable ex) {
                    throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                            "Post-processing of merged bean definition failed", ex);
                }
                mbd.postProcessed = true;
            }
        }//向容器中缓存单例模式的Bean对象，以防循环引用
        boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
                isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
        if (earlySingletonExposure) {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
                        "' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
            }
            //这里是一个匿名内部类，为了防止循环引用，尽早持有对象的引用
            addSingletonFactory(beanName, () -> getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean));
        }
        //暴露的bean
        Object exposedObject = bean;
        try {
            //属性注入
            populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
            //初始化Bean对象
            exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
                throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
            } else {
                throw new BeanCreationException(
                        mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
            }
            }

        if (earlySingletonExposure) {
            //获取指定名称的已注册的单例模式Bean对象
            Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
            if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
                //根据名称获取的已注册的Bean和正在实例化的Bean是同一个
                if (exposedObject == bean) {
                    //当前实例化的Bean初始化完成
                    exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
                }
                //当前Bean依赖其他Bean，并且当发生循环引用时不允许新创建实例对象
                else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
                    String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
                    Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<>(dependentBeans.length);
                    //获取当前Bean所依赖的其他Bean
                    for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
                        //对依赖Bean进行类型检查
                        if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
                            actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
                        }
                    }
                    if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
                        throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
                                "Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
                                        StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
                                        "] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
                                        "wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
                                        "bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
                                        "'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
//注册完成依赖注入的Bean
        try {
            registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
        } catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
        }

        return exposedObject;
    }

initializeBean方法

    protected Object initializeBean(final String beanName, final Object bean, @Nullable RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
        //JDK的安全机制验证权限
        if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
            //实现PrivilegedAction接口的匿名内部类
            AccessController.doPrivileged((PrivilegedAction<Object>) () -> {
                invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
                return null;
            }, getAccessControlContext());
        } else {
            //为Bean实例对象包装相关属性，如名称，类加载器，所属容器等信息
            invokeAwareMethods(beanName, bean);
        }

        Object wrappedBean = bean;
        //对BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的postProcessBeforeInitialization
        //回调方法的调用，为Bean实例初始化前做一些处理
        if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
            wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsBeforeInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
        }
        //调用Bean实例对象初始化的方法，这个初始化方法是在Spring Bean定义配置
        //文件中通过init-method属性指定的
        try {
            invokeInitMethods(beanName, wrappedBean, mbd);
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            throw new BeanCreationException(
                    (mbd != null ? mbd.getResourceDescription() : null),
                    beanName, "Invocation of init method failed", ex);
        }
        //对BeanPostProcessor后置处理器的postProcessAfterInitialization
        if (mbd == null || !mbd.isSynthetic()) {
            wrappedBean = applyBeanPostProcessorsAfterInitialization(wrappedBean, beanName);
        }
        return wrappedBean;
    }

整个IOC流程 基本结束