maven&nexus_repository 私库搭建与使用

一、nexus仓库安装

1,http://www.sonatype.org/nexus/    下载sso版本，免费
2,tar -zxvf nexus-2.11.1-01-bundle.tar.gz
3,修改端口号    /conf/nexus.properties文件     application-port属性值设置端口号
4,默认端口8081，http://localhost:8081/nexus 访问，默认账号密码 admin,admin123
5,配置服务: nexus自带了service脚本，位于/bin目录下面的nexus文件，将其复制至/etc/init.d目录下，既可以使用service nexus start/restart/stop命令
    chkconfig --add nexus
    chkconfig --level 345 nexus     设置在345运行级别自动启动服务

6,NEXUS仓库介绍：
    6.1    nexus的仓库类型分为以下四种：group: 仓库组，hosted：宿主，proxy：代理，virtual：虚拟
    6.2    首次登陆nexus后可以看到以下一个仓库组和多个仓库：
            Public Repositories:  仓库组
            3rd party: 无法从公共仓库获得的第三方发布版本的构件仓库
            Apache Snapshots: 用了代理ApacheMaven仓库快照版本的构件仓库
            Central: 用来代理maven中央仓库中发布版本构件的仓库
            Central M1 shadow: 用于提供中央仓库中M1格式的发布版本的构件镜像仓库
            Codehaus Snapshots: 用来代理CodehausMaven 仓库的快照版本构件的仓库
            Releases: 用来部署管理内部的发布版本构件的宿主类型仓库
            Snapshots:用来部署管理内部的快照版本构件的宿主类型仓库
7，基本设置：
    7.1    设置Nexus中的Apache Snapshots、Maven Central、Codehaus Snapshots的下载远程索引：Download Remote Indexes 属性设置为true 默认为false
    7.2    Nexus预定义了“Public Repositories”和“Public Snapshot Repositories”两个仓库组：
        前者默认合并所有预定义的Release仓库，后者默认合并所有预定义的Snapshot仓库。
        点击仓库列表中的“Public Repositories”，然后选择下方的"Configuration" Tab，在配置面板中，将右边“Avaiable Repositories”中的Repository拖拽到左边的“Ordered Group Repository”中

二、linux下maven配置

1,下载 apache-maven-3.2.3-bin.tar.gz
    tar -xvf  apache-maven-3.2.3-bin.tar.gz
2,配置环境变量，编辑/etc/profile文件，添加如下代码
    export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.0.3
    export PATH=$PATH:$MAVEN_HOME/bin
    配置文件生效source /etc/profile
3,测试maven         mvn-v

三、项目中的maven配置内容  "http://maven.repository.com/为本地私库的域名(自定义)"

1，maven配置文件位于/conf/setting.xml	对于此配置文件的设置，就完成能让本机所有的Maven项目都使用自己的Maven私服
2，修改setting.xml文件
	2.1	设置本地仓库jar保存位置：<localRepository>d:/maven-3.1.0/.m2/repository</localRepository>
	2.2	Nexus 的仓库对于匿名用户是只读权限，为了能够部署构件，还需要在setting.xml 中配置认证信息代码如下：
		<server>
		   <id>nexus-releases</id>
		   <username>admin</username>
		   <password>admin123</password>
		</server>
		<server>
		   <id>>nexus-snapshots</id>
		   <username>admin</username>
		   <password>admin123</password>
		 </server>

	2.3	配置镜像地址：
		<mirrors>
			<mirror>
				<id>nexus-snapshots</id>
				<mirrorOf>public-snapshots</mirrorOf>
				<url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public-snapshots</url>
			</mirror>
			<mirror>
				<!--This sends everything else to /public -->
				<id>nexus-releases</id>
				<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
				<url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
			</mirror>
		</mirrors>
		这里配置mirrorOf的值为*，代表maven的所有访问请求都会指向到public仓库组。

	2.4	配置仓库信息：
		<profiles>
			<profile>
				<id>public</id>
				<repositories>
					<repository>
						<id>public</id>
						<url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
						<releases>
							<enabled>true</enabled>
						</releases>
						<snapshots>
							<enabled>false</enabled>
						</snapshots>
					</repository>
				</repositories>
				<pluginRepositories>
					<pluginRepository>
						<id>public</id>
						<url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
						<releases>
							<enabled>true</enabled>
						</releases>
						<snapshots>
							<enabled>false</enabled>
						</snapshots>
					</pluginRepository>
				</pluginRepositories>
			</profile>
			<profile>
				<id>public-snapshots</id>
				<repositories>
					<repository>
						<id>public-snapshots</id>
						<url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public-snapshots</url>
						<releases>
							<enabled>false</enabled>
						</releases>
						<snapshots>
							<enabled>true</enabled>
						</snapshots>
					</repository>
				</repositories>
				<pluginRepositories>
					<pluginRepository>
						<id>public-snapshots</id>
						<url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public-snapshots</url>
						<releases>
							<enabled>false</enabled>
						</releases>
						<snapshots>
							<enabled>true</enabled>
						</snapshots>
					</pluginRepository>
				</pluginRepositories>
			</profile>
		</profiles>

	2.4	激活配置
		<activeProfiles>
			<activeProfile>public-snapshots</activeProfile>
			<activeProfile>public</activeProfile>
		</activeProfiles>

3，日常开发生成的快照版本构件可以直接部署到Nexus中策略为Snapshot的宿主仓库中，项目正式发布的构件则应该部署到Nexus中策略为Release的宿主仓库中。
	POM.XML配置如下：
	<project>
		<distributionManagement>
			<repository>
				<id>nexus-releases</id>
				<name>Nexus Releases Repository</name>
				<url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/repositories/releases</url>
			</repository>
			<snapshotRepository>
				<id>nexus-snapshots</id>
				<name>Nexus Snapshots Repository</name>
				<url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/repositories/snapshots</url>
			</snapshotRepository>
		</distributionManagement>
	</project>

	执行mvn clean deploy  下载部署所需的构件

　　

四、附：maven配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
software distributed under the License is distributed on an
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
-->

<!--
 | This is the configuration file for Maven. It can be specified at two levels:
 |
 |  1. User Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for a single user,
 |                 and is normally provided in ${user.home}/.m2/settings.xml.
 |
 |                 NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option:
 |
 |                 -s /path/to/user/settings.xml
 |
 |  2. Global Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for all Maven
 |                 users on a machine (assuming they're all using the same Maven
 |                 installation). It's normally provided in
 |                 ${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml.
 |
 |                 NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option:
 |
 |                 -gs /path/to/global/settings.xml
 |
 | The sections in this sample file are intended to give you a running start at
 | getting the most out of your Maven installation. Where appropriate, the default
 | values (values used when the setting is not specified) are provided.
 |
 |-->
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
  <!-- localRepository
   | The path to the local repository maven will use to store artifacts.
   |
   | Default: ${user.home}/.m2/repository
  <localRepository>/path/to/local/repo</localRepository>
  -->
  <localRepository>d:/maven-3.1.0/.m2/repository</localRepository>

  <!-- interactiveMode
   | This will determine whether maven prompts you when it needs input. If set to false,
   | maven will use a sensible default value, perhaps based on some other setting, for
   | the parameter in question.
   |
   | Default: true
  <interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode>
  -->

  <!-- offline
   | Determines whether maven should attempt to connect to the network when executing a build.
   | This will have an effect on artifact downloads, artifact deployment, and others.
   |
   | Default: false
  <offline>false</offline>
  -->
  <offline>false</offline>
  <!-- pluginGroups
   | This is a list of additional group identifiers that will be searched when resolving plugins by their prefix, i.e.
   | when invoking a command line like "mvn prefix:goal". Maven will automatically add the group identifiers
   | "org.apache.maven.plugins" and "org.codehaus.mojo" if these are not already contained in the list.
   |-->
  <pluginGroups>
    <!-- pluginGroup
     | Specifies a further group identifier to use for plugin lookup.
    <pluginGroup>com.your.plugins</pluginGroup>
    -->
  </pluginGroups>

  <!-- proxies
   | This is a list of proxies which can be used on this machine to connect to the network.
   | Unless otherwise specified (by system property or command-line switch), the first proxy
   | specification in this list marked as active will be used.
   |-->
  <proxies>
    <!-- proxy
     | Specification for one proxy, to be used in connecting to the network.
     |
    <proxy>
      <id>optional</id>
      <active>true</active>
      <protocol>http</protocol>
      <username>proxyuser</username>
      <password>proxypass</password>
      <host>proxy.host.net</host>
      <port>80</port>
      <nonProxyHosts>local.net|some.host.com</nonProxyHosts>
    </proxy>
    -->
  </proxies>

  <!-- servers
   | This is a list of authentication profiles, keyed by the server-id used within the system.
   | Authentication profiles can be used whenever maven must make a connection to a remote server.
   |-->
  <servers>
    <!-- server
     | Specifies the authentication information to use when connecting to a particular server, identified by
     | a unique name within the system (referred to by the 'id' attribute below).
     |
     | NOTE: You should either specify username/password OR privateKey/passphrase, since these pairings are
     |       used together.
     |
    <server>
      <id>deploymentRepo</id>
      <username>repouser</username>
      <password>repopwd</password>
    </server>
    -->

    <!-- Another sample, using keys to authenticate.
    <server>
      <id>siteServer</id>
      <privateKey>/path/to/private/key</privateKey>
      <passphrase>optional; leave empty if not used.</passphrase>
    </server>
    -->
   <server>  

  <id>nexus-releases</id>
       <username>admin</username>
       <password>admin123</password>
    </server>
  <server>
       <id>nexus-snapshots</id>
       <username>admin</username>
       <password>admin123</password>
     </server>
  </servers>

  <!-- mirrors
   | This is a list of mirrors to be used in downloading artifacts from remote repositories.
   |
   | It works like this: a POM may declare a repository to use in resolving certain artifacts.
   | However, this repository may have problems with heavy traffic at times, so people have mirrored
   | it to several places.
   |
   | That repository definition will have a unique id, so we can create a mirror reference for that
   | repository, to be used as an alternate download site. The mirror site will be the preferred
   | server for that repository.
   |-->
  <mirrors>
    <!-- mirror
     | Specifies a repository mirror site to use instead of a given repository. The repository that
     | this mirror serves has an ID that matches the mirrorOf element of this mirror. IDs are used
     | for inheritance and direct lookup purposes, and must be unique across the set of mirrors.
     |
    <mirror>
      <id>mirrorId</id>
      <mirrorOf>repositoryId</mirrorOf>
      <name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name>
      <url>http://my.repository.com/repo/path</url>
    </mirror>
     -->
     <mirror>
          <id>nexus-snapshots</id>
          <mirrorOf>public-snapshots</mirrorOf>
          <url>http://maven.repository.com/content/groups/public-snapshots</url>
     </mirror>
     <mirror>
          <!--This sends everything else to /public -->
          <id>nexus-releases</id>
          <mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
          <url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
      </mirror>
  </mirrors>

  <!-- profiles
   | This is a list of profiles which can be activated in a variety of ways, and which can modify
   | the build process. Profiles provided in the settings.xml are intended to provide local machine-
   | specific paths and repository locations which allow the build to work in the local environment.
   |
   | For example, if you have an integration testing plugin - like cactus - that needs to know where
   | your Tomcat instance is installed, you can provide a variable here such that the variable is
   | dereferenced during the build process to configure the cactus plugin.
   |
   | As noted above, profiles can be activated in a variety of ways. One way - the activeProfiles
   | section of this document (settings.xml) - will be discussed later. Another way essentially
   | relies on the detection of a system property, either matching a particular value for the property,
   | or merely testing its existence. Profiles can also be activated by JDK version prefix, where a
   | value of '1.4' might activate a profile when the build is executed on a JDK version of '1.4.2_07'.
   | Finally, the list of active profiles can be specified directly from the command line.
   |
   | NOTE: For profiles defined in the settings.xml, you are restricted to specifying only artifact
   |       repositories, plugin repositories, and free-form properties to be used as configuration
   |       variables for plugins in the POM.
   |
   |-->
  <profiles>
    <!-- profile
     | Specifies a set of introductions to the build process, to be activated using one or more of the
     | mechanisms described above. For inheritance purposes, and to activate profiles via <activatedProfiles/>
     | or the command line, profiles have to have an ID that is unique.
     |
     | An encouraged best practice for profile identification is to use a consistent naming convention
     | for profiles, such as 'env-dev', 'env-test', 'env-production', 'user-jdcasey', 'user-brett', etc.
     | This will make it more intuitive to understand what the set of introduced profiles is attempting
     | to accomplish, particularly when you only have a list of profile id's for debug.
     |
     | This profile example uses the JDK version to trigger activation, and provides a JDK-specific repo.
    <profile>
      <id>jdk-1.4</id>

      <activation>
        <jdk>1.4</jdk>
      </activation>

      <repositories>
        <repository>
          <id>jdk14</id>
          <name>Repository for JDK 1.4 builds</name>
          <url>http://www.myhost.com/maven/jdk14</url>
          <layout>default</layout>
          <snapshotPolicy>always</snapshotPolicy>
        </repository>
      </repositories>
    </profile>
    -->

    <profile>
            <id>public</id>
            <repositories>
                <repository>
                    <id>public</id>
                    <url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>true</enabled>
                    </releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>false</enabled>
                    </snapshots>
                </repository>
            </repositories>
            <pluginRepositories>
                <pluginRepository>
                    <id>public</id>
                    <url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>true</enabled>
                    </releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>false</enabled>
                    </snapshots>
                </pluginRepository>
            </pluginRepositories>
        </profile>

     <profile>
            <id>public-snapshots</id>
            <repositories>
                <repository>
                    <id>public-snapshots</id>
                    <url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public-snapshots</url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>false</enabled>
                    </releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>true</enabled>
                    </snapshots>
                </repository>
            </repositories>
            <pluginRepositories>
                <pluginRepository>
                    <id>public-snapshots</id>
                    <url>http://maven.repository.com/nexus/content/groups/public-snapshots</url>
                    <releases>
                        <enabled>false</enabled>
                    </releases>
                    <snapshots>
                        <enabled>true</enabled>
                    </snapshots>
                </pluginRepository>
            </pluginRepositories>
        </profile>
    <!--
     | Here is another profile, activated by the system property 'target-env' with a value of 'dev',
     | which provides a specific path to the Tomcat instance. To use this, your plugin configuration
     | might hypothetically look like:
     |
     | ...
     | <plugin>
     |   <groupId>org.myco.myplugins</groupId>
     |   <artifactId>myplugin</artifactId>
     |
     |   <configuration>
     |     <tomcatLocation>${tomcatPath}</tomcatLocation>
     |   </configuration>
     | </plugin>
     | ...
     |
     | NOTE: If you just wanted to inject this configuration whenever someone set 'target-env' to
     |       anything, you could just leave off the <value/> inside the activation-property.
     |
    <profile>
      <id>env-dev</id>

      <activation>
        <property>
          <name>target-env</name>
          <value>dev</value>
        </property>
      </activation>

      <properties>
        <tomcatPath>/path/to/tomcat/instance</tomcatPath>
      </properties>
    </profile>
    -->
  </profiles>

  <activeProfiles>
    <activeProfile>public-snapshots</activeProfile>
    <activeProfile>public</activeProfile>
  </activeProfiles>
  <!-- activeProfiles
   | List of profiles that are active for all builds.
   |
  <activeProfiles>
    <activeProfile>alwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile>
    <activeProfile>anotherAlwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile>
  </activeProfiles>
  -->
</settings>