oracle打补丁步骤简介

1、了解opatch
opatch是用于维护"个别"补丁的,有人称其为interim path或是one-off patch
该命令的存放位置在$ORACLE_HOME下的OPatch目录下.

使用“-help”参数可以获得opatch命令的帮助信息

[oracle@ora OPatch]$ ./opatch -help
     Usage: opatch [ -help ] [ -r[eport] ] [ command ]
  
                command := apply
                           lsinventory
                           prereq
                           query
                           rollback
                           util
                           version
  
     <global_arguments> := -help       Displays the help message for the command.
                           -report     Print the actions without executing.
  
     example:
       'opatch -help'
       'opatch apply -help'
       'opatch lsinventory -help'
       'opatch prereq -help'
       'opatch rollback -help'
       'opatch util -help'
     
     
     [oracle@ora OPatch]$ ./opatch lsinventory -h

DESCRIPTION
         List the inventory for a particular $ORACLE_HOME or display all
         installations that can be found.
   
     SYNTAX
     opatch lsinventory [-all ] [-all_nodes] [-delay <value> ] [-detail ]
                        [-invPtrLoc <Path to oraInst.loc> ] [-jre <LOC> ]
                        [-oh] [-oh <ORACLE_HOME> ] [-patch]
                        [-ptlConnect  <portal connect string> ]
                        [-ptlPassword <portal password> ]
                        [-ptlSchema <portal schema> ]
                        [-property_file <path to property file>]
          [-retry <value> ]
   
     OPTIONS
            -all
                   Report the name and installation directory for each
                   $ORACLE_HOME found.
   
            -all_nodes
              Reports the patches installed on the given Oracle Home
                   in all nodes of the RAC system. It also prints the oracle
                   binary's size and checksum on all nodes. This option cannot
                   be used in conjunction with -all, -detail, -patch.
   
            -delay
                   If -retry is specified, this option tells OPatch how
                   many seconds it should wait before attempting to lock
                   inventory again in case of a previous failure.
   
            -detail(s)
                   Report installed products and other details. This
                   option cannot be used in conjunction with all option.
   
            -invPtrLoc
                   Used to locate the oraInst.loc file. When the
                   installation used the invPtrLoc flag. This should be
                   the path to the oraInst.loc file
   
            -jre
                   This option tells OPatch to use JRE (java) from the
                   specified location instead of the default location
                   under Oracle Home
   
            -oh
                   The oracle home to work on. This takes precedence over
                   the environment variable ORACLE_HOME
   
            -patch
                   Lists the patch IDs installed in the oracle home
   
            -ptlConnect
                   This option is used to specify the connect string credentials
                   of the portal schema
   
            -ptlPassword
                   This option is used to specify the password of the portal
                   schema
   
            -ptlSchema
                   This option is used to specify the schema of the portal
                   repository
   
            -property_file
                   The user defined property file for OPatch to use. The
                   path to the property file should be absolute. This
                   property file takes precedence over the one that is
                   supplied with OPatch
   
            -retry
                   This option tells OPatch how many times it should
                   retry in case of an inventory lock failure       
   
     PARAMETERS
            This operation does not have any required parameters.

2、下载补丁.
需要metalink的用户名口令

3、关闭数据库及监听.

4、安装补丁(可以参照metalink补丁说明)
     Patch Installation Instructions:                                                 
     --------------------------------                                                 
     Make sure that all instances running under the ORACLE_HOME being patched         
     are cleanly shutdown before installing this patch. Also ensure that              
     the tool used to terminate the instance(s) has exited cleanly.             
                                                                                  
     1. To apply the patch, unzip the PSE container file:                             
     p7650993_111070_Linux-x86.zip                                                    
                                                                                      
     2. PreInstall steps:                                                             
                                                                                      
     3. Set your current directory to the directory where the patch                   
     is located:                                                                      
                                                                                      
        % cd 7650993                                                                                            
                                                                                      
        Ensure that the directory containing the opatch script. appears in             
        your $PATH; then enter the following command:                                 
                                                                                      
        % opatch apply                             
                                                                                       
     4. PostInstall Steps:                                  
                                                                                       
     Note:                                                                            
        If the Oracle inventory is not setup correctly this utility will              
        fail. To check accessibility to the inventory you can use the                 
        command                                                                       
                                                                                      
        % opatch lsinventory                                                          
                                                                                      
        If you have any problem installing this PSE or are not sure                   
        about the inventory setup, please call Oracle support.
       
5、启动实例，运行相关脚本
     SQL> startup
     ORACLE instance started.
     Total System Global Area  281018368 bytes
     Fixed Size                  1218968 bytes
     Variable Size              83887720 bytes
     Database Buffers          192937984 bytes
     Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
     Database mounted.
     Database opened.
    检查无效对象：
    SQL> SELECT OBJECT_NAME FROM DBA_OBJECTS WHERE STATUS = 'INVALID'; 
                     
6、用inventory命令查看已经安装的patch
    opatch lsinventory
                                                         
7、卸载补丁.
     1.关闭数据库及监听
     2.卸载补丁.
                                                                                  
     Patch Deinstallation Instructions:                                               
     ----------------------------------                                               
     Use the following command:                                                       
                                                                                      
       % cd 7650993                                                                   
       % opatch rollback -id 7650993  
     检查无效对象：
     SQL> SELECT OBJECT_NAME FROM DBA_OBJECTS WHERE STATUS = 'INVALID';

转载：http://blog.csdn.net/launch_225/article/details/7620811