centos/rhel最小化安装图形化

图形化，一般不再服务器中安装。为了提升系统的利用率。

centos的yum源对应centos的源

RHEL的yum源对应RHEL的源

我演示的Centos6.5，我挂载的RHEL6.5的源。作为软件源，仅作思路梳理！

01、挂载ISO配置本地yum源

ISO挂载

#mount /dev/sr0 /mnt                       \\ 把光盘挂载到“/mnt”上面
#df                                                   \\查看是否已经挂载

配置yum

vi /etc/yum.repo.cdrom.repo

[rhel]

name=rhel

baseurl=file:///mnt

gpgcheck=0

enabled=1

测试yum

yum makecache

yum repolist

02、安装图形化组件

此组件列表是RHEL6.5的ISO源--X Window System，Centos6.5图形化组件--Server with GUI
[root@jiao ~]# yum grouplist  #查看群组件
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Group Process
Repository 'rhel' is missing name in configuration, using id
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
rhel/group_gz                                      | 204 kB     00:00 ...
Installed Groups:
   Additional Development
   E-mail server
   General Purpose Desktop
   Graphical Administration Tools
   Legacy X Window System compatibility
   Perl Support
   Security Tools
   Web Server
Available Groups:
   Backup Client
   Backup Server
   Base
   CIFS file server
   Client management tools
   Compatibility libraries
   Console internet tools
   Debugging Tools
   Desktop
   Desktop Debugging and Performance Tools
   Desktop Platform
   Desktop Platform Development
   Development tools
   Dial-up Networking Support
   Directory Client
   Directory Server
   Eclipse
   Emacs
   FCoE Storage Client
   FTP server
   Fonts
   Graphics Creation Tools
   Hardware monitoring utilities
   Identity Management Server
   Infiniband Support
   Input Methods
   Internet Browser
   Java Platform
   KDE Desktop
   Large Systems Performance
   Legacy UNIX compatibility
   Mainframe Access
   Messaging Client Support
   MySQL Database client
   MySQL Database server
   NFS file server
   Network Infrastructure Server
   Network Storage Server
   Network file system client
   Networking Tools
   PHP Support
   Performance Tools
   PostgreSQL Database client
   PostgreSQL Database server
   Print Server
   Printing client
   Remote Desktop Clients
   Ruby Support
   SNMP Support
   Scientific support
   Server Platform
   Server Platform Development
   Smart card support
   Storage Availability Tools
   System Management
   System administration tools
   TeX support
   Technical Writing
   TurboGears application framework
   Virtualization
   Virtualization Client
   Virtualization Platform
   Virtualization Tools
   Web Servlet Engine
   Web-Based Enterprise Management
   X Window System
   iSCSI Storage Client
Available Language Groups:
   Afrikaans Support [af]
   Albanian Support [sq]
   Amazigh Support [ber]
   
 #yum -y groupinstall "Server with GUI"      \\ 安装图形化程序组

启动图形化startx

---

RHEL7命令

[root@localhost Desktop]# systemctl get-default          \\查看默认运行级别
multi-user.target
[root@localhost Desktop]# cat /etc/inittab
# inittab is no longer used when using systemd.
#
# ADDING CONFIGURATION HERE WILL HAVE NO EFFECT ON YOUR SYSTEM.
#
# Ctrl-Alt-Delete is handled by /etc/systemd/system/ctrl-alt-del.target
#
# systemd uses 'targets' instead of runlevels. By default, there are two main targets:
#
# multi-user.target: analogous to runlevel 3                \\运行级别3：多用户界面
# graphical.target: analogous to runlevel 5                  \\运行级别5：图形化界面
# # To set a default target, run: # # ln -sf /lib/systemd/system/.target

/etc/systemd/system/default.target #
[root@localhost Desktop]#

systemctl set-default graphical.target \\设置默认图形化运行级别
rm '/etc/systemd/system/default.target'
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/graphical.target' '/etc/systemd/system/default.target'
[root@localhost Desktop]# systemctl get-default                    \\查看默认运行级别
graphical.target                                                    \\图形化设置OK
[root@localhost Desktop]#

引荐：http://blog.csdn.net/yunwei888/article/details/52077201