Windows Service 学习系列（一）：建立简单的Windows service

参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/cncc/p/7170951.html

一、开发环境

　　操作系统：Windows 7 X64

　　开发环境：VS2017

　　编程语言：C#

　　.NET版本：.NET Framework 4.6.1

　　目标平台：Any CUP

二、创建Windows Service

1、新建一个Windows Service，并将项目名称改为“WindowsService1”，如下图所示：

2、进入“Service1”设计界面，在空白位置右击鼠标弹出上下文菜单，选中“添加安装程序”，如下图所示：

3、此时软件会生成两个组件，分别为“serviceInstaller1”及“serviceProcessInstaller1”，如下图所示：

4、设置“serviceInstaller1”及“serviceProcessInstaller1”的属性

5、至此，Windows服务已经创建完毕。

三、创建安装、启动、停止、卸载服务的Windows窗体

1、在同一个解决方案里新建一个Windows Form项目，并命名为WindowsFormsApp1，如下图所示：

2、将该项目设置为启动项目，并在窗体内添加四个按钮，分别为安装服务、启动服务、停止服务及卸载服务，如下图所示：

3、按下F7进入代码编辑界面，引用“System.ServiceProcess”及“System.Configuration.Install”，并输入如下代码：

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Configuration.Install;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WindowsFormsApp1
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        string serviceFilePath = $"{Application.StartupPath}\\WindowsService1.exe";
        string serviceName = "Service1";

        /// <summary>
        /// 安装服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName))
            {
                this.UninstallService(serviceFilePath);
            }
            this.InstallService(serviceFilePath);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 启动服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName))
            {
                this.ServiceStart(serviceName);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 停止服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName))
            {
                this.ServiceStop(serviceName);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 卸载服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void button4_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (this.IsServiceExisted(serviceName))
            {
                this.ServiceStop(serviceName);
                this.UninstallService(serviceFilePath);
            }
        }

        #region 方法
        /// <summary>
        /// 判断服务是否存在
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private bool IsServiceExisted(string serviceName)
        {
            ServiceController[] services = ServiceController.GetServices();
            foreach (ServiceController sc in services)
            {
                if (sc.ServiceName.ToLower() == serviceName.ToLower())
                {
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 安装服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceFilePath"></param>
        private void InstallService(string serviceFilePath)
        {
            using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller())
            {
                installer.UseNewContext = true;
                installer.Path = serviceFilePath;
                IDictionary savedState = new Hashtable();
                installer.Install(savedState);
                installer.Commit(savedState);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 卸载服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceFilePath"></param>
        private void UninstallService(string serviceFilePath)
        {
            using (AssemblyInstaller installer = new AssemblyInstaller())
            {
                installer.UseNewContext = true;
                installer.Path = serviceFilePath;
                installer.Uninstall(null);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 启动服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceName"></param>
        private void ServiceStart(string serviceName)
        {
            using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName))
            {
                if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped)
                {
                    control.Start();
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 停止服务
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="serviceName"></param>
        private void ServiceStop(string serviceName)
        {
            using (ServiceController control = new ServiceController(serviceName))
            {
                if (control.Status == ServiceControllerStatus.Running)
                {
                    control.Stop();
                }
            }
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

4、为了后续调试服务及安装卸载服务的需要，将已生成的MyWindowsService.exe引用到本Windows窗体，如下图所示：

5、由于需要安装服务，故需要使用UAC中Administrator的权限，鼠标右击项目“WindowsServiceClient”，在弹出的上下文菜单中选择“添加”->“新建项”，在弹出的选择窗体中选择“应用程序清单文件”并单击确定，如下图所示：

6、打开该文件，并将<requestedExecutionLevel level="asInvoker" uiAccess="false" />改为<requestedExecutionLevel  level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />，如下图所示：