Docker Compose 容器编排 NET Core 6+MySQL 8+Nginx + Redis

环境：

CentOS 8.5.2111
Docker 20.10.10
Docker-Compose 2.1.0

服务：

db  redis  web nginx

NET Core 6+MySQL 8+Nginx + Redis

Kubernetes 又称 K8s ，是集群的 ，单机用 Docker Compose 编排容器 比较方便

cat /etc/system-release     #查看版本

sudo yum update 

dnf -y update     #更新系统环境

先安装 Docker Engine 和 Docker Compose

1. Docker  安装

Docker三大核心概念：
镜像（Image）
容器（Container）
仓库（Repository）

https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/
https://cloud.tencent.com/document/product/213/46000

DockerHub镜像加速器

使用加速器可以提升获取Docker官方镜像的速度
Docker Version不低于1.10时，建议直接通过daemon config进行配置

配置文件/etc/docker/daemon.json（没有时新建该文件）

1. 创建一个Docker的配置文件

sudo vim /etc/docker/daemon.json

2. 编写配置文件

{
"registry-mirrors": [
"https://个人申请的.mirror.aliyuncs.com",
"https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com",
"https://hub-mirror.c.163.com",
"https://mirror.baidubce.com"
]
}

阿里云的个人加速器地址：https://cr.console.aliyun.com/cn-shenzhen/instances/mirrors

安装 Docker

1.添加 Docker 软件源 （docker-ce 社区版）

dnf config-manager --add-repo=https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

2.查看已添加的 Docker 软件源

dnf list docker-ce

3.安装 Docker

dnf install -y docker-ce

4.重新加载并重启

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

5.设置Docker开机自启

sudo systemctl enable docker

启动docker

sudo systemctl start docker

关闭docker

sudo systemctl stop docker

更新docker-ce

yum update docker-ce

Docker 常用命令

docker info   #查看信息
docker version  #查看版本
docker images #查看已有镜像
docker ps #查看当前运行中的容器
docker ps -a #查看所有容器，包括未运行中的
docker inspect netcoreip #查看容器详细信息
docker exec -it nginx ls #进入容器查看目录结构与文件

docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq) #删除全部容器
docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq) #删除全部镜像

docker run -it ImageId /bin/bash #ImageId docker images 命令获取, 退出容器：执行 exit 命令
docker exec -it 容器ID /bin/bash #进入后台运行的容器
docker logs 容器ID/名称 #如未查看到刚才运行的容器，查看启动日志排错

强制删除镜像 例子

docker rmi -f 60c033c82171
docker rmi -f netcorezeng
docker rmi -f microsoft/dotnet

强制删除容器 例子

docker rm -f mysql8

卸载Docker

sudo yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/containerd

2.Docker-Compose 容器编排

https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1438222

V1 版本安装（不用这个）

https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/

sudo curl -L "https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose #设置权限

docker compose version #查看版本

sudo rm /usr/local/bin/docker-compose #删除

V2 版本安装 （当前用这个）

https://docs.docker.com/compose/cli-command/#install-on-linux
https://github.com/docker/compose

1.创建目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins

2.下载

curl -SL https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.1.0/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins

上面方法 一般都会因为网络原因下载失败 使用下面方法
下载 docker-compose-linux-x86_64 重命名为 docker-compose 放到 /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins

3.添加可执行权限

chmod +x /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose

3.Docker-Compose 配置

目录结构:

工程目录下 /home/docker_compose/docker-compose.yml

docker-compose.yml 配置

version: "3.9"
services:
   db:
        image: mysql
        container_name: mysql8
        restart: always
        volumes:
            - ./my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf
            - /home/data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql
        environment:
            MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "root密码"
            MYSQL_DATABASE: "数据库名称"
            MYSQL_USER: "用户名"
            MYSQL_PASSWORD: "用户密码"
        ports:
            - 3306:3306
        command:
            - --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
            - --character-set-server=utf8mb4
            - --collation-server=utf8mb4_bin

   redis:
        image: redis
        container_name: redis
        volumes:
            - /home/data/redis:/var/lib/redis
            - ./redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf
        ports:
            - 6379:6379
        command:
            redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf

   web:
        image: ${DOCKER_REGISTRY-}netcorezeng
        container_name: netcoreapp
        build:
          context: /home/app
          dockerfile: Dockerfile
        restart: always
        ports:
            - 5000:80
        depends_on:
            - db
            - redis
        environment:
           TZ: Asia/Shanghai

   nginx:
        image: nginx
        container_name: nginx
        restart: always
        ports:
            - 80:80
            - 443:443
        volumes:
            - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
            - /home/sslcrt:/etc/nginx/cert
            - /home/log/nginx:/var/log/nginx
            - /home/app:/usr/share/nginx/html

my.cnf 配置

[client]

#socket = /usr/mysql/mysqld.sock

default-character-set = utf8mb4

[mysqld]

#pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
#socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
#datadir = /var/lib/mysql
#socket = /usr/mysql/mysqld.sock
#pid-file = /usr/mysql/mysqld.pid

datadir = /home/data/mysql
character_set_server = utf8mb4
collation_server = utf8mb4_bin
default-time_zone = '+8:00'
secure-file-priv= NULL

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

# Custom config should go here

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

nginx.conf 配置

# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log error.log;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;

events {
    worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  access.log  main;

    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    server {
        listen 80;
        server_name xx.com www.xx.com;
       location / {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index index.html;
        proxy_pass http://web;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods *;
        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin $http_origin;
        }
        }

    server {
        listen 443 ssl;
        server_name  xx.com www.xx.com;
        ssl_certificate "cert/1_bundle.crt";
        ssl_certificate_key "cert/2_.key";
        ssl_session_timeout 5m;
        ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE:ECDH:AES:HIGH:!NULL:!aNULL:!MD5:!ADH:!RC4;
        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

       # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location / {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index index.html;
        proxy_pass http://web;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_cache_bypass $http_upgrade;
        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Methods *;
        add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin $http_origin;
        }
    }
}

Dockerfile 配置

FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet:6.0 AS base
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443

FROM base AS final
WORKDIR /app
# 将本地应用拷贝到 容器/app 目录下
COPY ./ ./
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "NETCoreZeng.dll"]

1.创建工程目录

mkdir /home/docker_compose
cd /home/docker_compose

2.创建 Dockerfile 模板文件

注意：一定要是UNIX格式,不能是windows格式

/home/app/Dockerfile

3.配置服务文件 docker-compose.yml

注意：不可以有制表符

语法错误： found character that cannot start any token （不可以有制表符）
did not find expected key

使用 YAML 时需要注意下面事项：
●不支持制表符 tab 键缩进，需要使用空格缩进
●通常开头缩进2个空格
●字符后缩进1个空格，如冒号 : 、逗号 , 、横杠 -
●用 # 号注释
●如果包含特殊字符用单引号 ‘’ 引起来
●布尔值必须用引号 “” 括起来

4.运行 Compose

错误提示：can't find a suitable configuration file in this directory or any parent: not found

切换到工程目录下
cd /home/docker_compose

再运行
docker compose up -d

错误提示：yaml: line 33: did not find expected key（格式要规范 不能多空格 如 web db redis 前面的空格）
错误提示：cannot load certificate No such file or directory（证书默认目录 /etc/nginx ）

docker compose version #查看版本
docker compose info
docker compose up #创建并启动所有服务
docker compose up -d #在后台所有启动服务
docker compose images #所有镜像
docker compose ps #查看当前正在运行的容器
docker compose ps -a #查看所有容器，包括未运行中的
docker compose stop #停止所有容器
docker compose stop web #停止某个服务
docker compose rm -f web #移除已经停止的服务容器
docker compose restart #重启

docker compose logs -t --tail="10" #查看nginx最新10条日志

sudo rm /usr/local/lib/docker/cli-plugins/docker-compose #卸载 Docker Compose

容器时间与宿主机不一致

docker-compose.yml 里面添加
environment:
TZ: Asia/Shanghai

容器之间连接

SERVICE 服务分别是 ：db redis  web nginx

nginx.conf

proxy_pass http://web;

appsettings.json

 "ConnectionStrings": {
    "MySqlConnection": "server=db;xxxxxxxx;"
  },

最后

看起来 很多东西配置  其实 配置好 docker_compose 里面几个服务的配置   灵魂的东西都在里面了

切换到工程目录下
cd /home/docker_compose

再运行
docker compose up -d

就可以了