根据 savefrom条例

本实例及教程只用于学习交流用，权利归savefrom.net所有

0. 思路

使用python从savefrom平台上获取指定youtube视频下载链接进行下载，不过savefrom的数据是用javascript加密的，这也是难度所在

本教程主要介绍制作思路，下一篇会介绍制作python

本教程根据stakoverflow 回答制作

1.准备

i.savfrom.net

一个网站可以免费下载youtube视频

2. 探索并规划获取方式

i.总览

打开https://en.savefrom.net/1-youtube-video-downloader-4/可以看见页面主要就一个from表单输入框和提交按钮组成

ii. 获取该网页取到下载url的请求

在chrome或其他浏览器按F12打开开发者控制台，点开Network选项卡

接下来模拟正常的用户流程，在输入框输入一个youtube视频地址，比如这个https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjJmTeBSEzU，然后点击Download提交url获取下载url，然后我们可以发现下面已经出现了下载链接。然后我们在network选项卡内可以发现一个特殊的申请saveform.php(如果没发现可以多提交几次，就会发现每次提交都有这个请求或者看html里的form元素的src地址就是savform.php)

我们就可以确定关于下载链接会出现在这个请求的返回值内。

iii. 在本地获取请求

在本地用IDE的http工具或者python构建出post请求代码，笔者用的是pycharm的httpClient(按2下左Shift，然后输入Tools，然后回车进入菜单，然后点击httpClient下的第一个)

把请求里第二个headers的内容全部复制然后格式化然后构建post请求

然后把下面的formdata的参数也复制进来，记得和headers换行

POST https://en.savefrom.net/savefrom.php

cache-Control: no-cache

accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9

accept-encoding: gzip, deflate, br

accept-language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8

content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

cookie: lang=en; country=CN; uid=fd94a82a406a8dd4; sfHelperDist=72; reference=14; clickads-e2=90; poropellerAdsPush-e=63; promoBlock=64; helperWidget=92; helperBanner=42; framelessHdConverter=68; inpagePush2=68; popupInOutput=9; _ga=GA1.2.799702638.1610248969; _gid=GA1.2.628904587.1610248969; PHPSESSID=4aojkm49oj7h3de65pekqii337; x-requested-with=; PHPSESSUD=122fb7e10af37e23d99e896fd188744f; _gat_helperWidget=1; _gat_inpagePush2=1

origin: https://en.savefrom.net

pragma: no-cache

referer: https://en.savefrom.net/1-youtube-video-downloader-4/

sec-ch-ua: "Google Chrome";v="87", " Not;A Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="87"

sec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0

sec-fetch-dest: iframe

sec-fetch-mode: navigate

sec-fetch-site: same-origin

sec-fetch-user: ?1

upgrade-insecure-requests: 1

user-agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/87.0.4280.88 Safari/537.36

sf_url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YPvtz1lHRiw&sf_submit=&new=1&lang=en&app=&country=cn&os=Windows&browser=Chrome

如果配置没错，这个时候你运行后会显示出和在浏览器里一样的结果，然后可以发现参数里的sf_url就是需要下载的youtube地址

iv.解析请求结果

把取到的结果保存在本地然后在浏览器打开保存的本地文件，然后弹出一个弹窗后会发现这个页面什么都没有，但其实如果你在console输入window会发现有很多变量和函数，其中就有我们需要的加密后的url和解密函数

经过弹窗提示我们可以发现是这个html的js发现了我们不在他的网站上然后删除了显示下载url的代码所以我们才什么都看不到，打开source选项卡或者用IDE打开源代码查看

扫一下这个源代码，我们可以看见一些加密解密函数，被加密的乱码信息，哈希对照表，和一些奇怪的赋值操作，如图

我们可以看见，js部分由一个大闭包组成

第3行到第9行是声明函数
第10行是给$b赋值this也就是window
第11到第13行是赋值3个变量
第14，15行是对变量执行一些操作，这个也是我们重点关注的，毕竟执行加密，解密方法只可能在这

第14，15行格式化后如下

this.$d = $d;

this.$a = $a;

this.$e = $e;

this.$k = $k;

this.$c = $c;

$c = _q($c);

$c = _b($c);

_m($b, $c);

去掉前5行没有意义的变量互换值，加密解密函数存在的范围就在最后3行

$c = _q($c);

$c = _b($c);

_m($b, $c);

然后开始一个个试

先在console里输入第一行

然后就出现了明文，所以我们就确定这个是我们需要的解密函数

接下来输入第二行

发现出现了和上面一模一样的明文，所以这个也是解密函数

接下来输入第三行

发现这个执行了那段代码，这个应该是执行函数，所以我们现在就找到了解密函数位于js部分的最后几行

v.解析解密后的结果

把console里用解密函数解密出的结果复制出来会得到一个JavaScript脚本

(function(){

function del(){while(document.body.firstChild){document.body.removeChild(document.body.firstChild);}};

if(window.location.hostname.search(/(?:^|\.|@)(savefrom\.net|sfrom\.net|savefrom\.com\.au|51\.159\.57\.158|(?:fe\d*|test)-front\.sf-apps\.com)$/i) == -1)

{

alert('Please go to http://savefrom.net/ to get direct links');

del();

return;

}

function showResult(){

var success = false;

try

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var d = window.parent.document;

if(d && d.getElementById)

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var e = d.getElementById('sf_result');

if(e && e.innerHTML)

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})();

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city"},"thumb":"https:\/\/i.ytimg.com\/vi\/YPvtz1lHRiw\/hqdefault.jpg","itags":["18","22","133","134","135","136","137","140","160","242","243","244","247","248","249","250","251","278"],"video_quality":["1080","720","480","360","240","144"],"url":[{"url":"https:\/\/r4---sn-25glene7.googlevideo.com\/videoplayback?expire=1610299253&ei=FeP6X7qLJvesxN8PteeBaA&ip=154.72.187.26&id=o-AFTOjos_M4e5ymyJ3pa8Zs6JxHQohnez1oxdyfxNGuFl&itag=18&source=youtube&requiressl=yes&mh=nS&mm=31%2C29&mn=sn-25glene7%2Csn-25ge7nzs&ms=au%2Crdu&mv=m&mvi=4&pl=20&initcwndbps=182500&vprv=1&mime=video%2Fmp4&ns=H2IuXFgrekwcd2kUgtraypIF&gir=yes&clen=35202709&ratebypass=yes&dur=423.137&lmt=1603720879883261&mt=1610277156&fvip=4&c=WEB&txp=5531422&n=9544-WEiIwBMq_&sparams=expire%2Cei%2Cip%2Cid%2Citag%2Csource%2Crequiressl%2Cvprv%2Cmime%2Cns%2Cgir%2Cclen%2Cratebypass%2Cdur%2Clmt&sig=AOq0QJ8wRQIgN_iBsjO6zSiW9dcOYYExfjeVuy1YCXtWcKT0cz2kMcECIQCMre2rssbqkWdohk9K4Ej8B8r9gARVc0-kAHVqhV1teQ%3D%3D&lsparams=mh%2Cmm%2Cmn%2Cms%2Cmv%2Cmvi%2Cpl%2Cinitcwndbps&lsig=AG3C_xAwRgIhALlbQJhLhsKk9tVJdpd0OfXwuiWC26m4cDjWZ8MvxO1MAiEA8EG4gFtyQVAWXRWz_d3DYsCTY4oCiTobXSHKnemPR38%3D","name":"MP4","subname":"360","info_url":"https:\/\/r4---sn-25glene7.googlevideo.com\/videoplayback?expire=1610299253&ei=FeP6X7qLJvesxN8PteeBaA&ip=154.72.187.26&id=o-AFTOjos_M4e5ymyJ3pa8Zs6JxHQohnez1oxdyfxNGuFl&itag=18&source=youtube&requiressl=yes&mh=nS&mm=31%2C29&mn=sn-25glene7%2Csn-25ge7nzs&ms=au%2Crdu&mv=m&mvi=4&pl=20&initcwndbps=182500&vprv=1&mime=video%2Fmp4&ns=H2IuXFgrekwcd2kUgtraypIF&gir=yes&clen=35202709&ratebypass=yes&dur=423.137&lmt=1603720879883261&mt=1610277156&fvip=4&c=WEB&txp=5531422&n=9544-WEiIwBMq_&sparams=expire%2Cei%2Cip%2Cid%2Citag%2Csource%2Crequiressl%2Cvprv%2Cmime%2Cns%2Cgir%2Cclen%2Cratebypass%2Cdur%2Clmt&sig=AOq0QJ8wRQIgN_iBsjO6zSiW9dcOYYExfjeVuy1YCXtWcKT0cz2kMcECIQCMre2rssbqkWdohk9K4Ej8B8r9gARVc0-kAHVqhV1teQ%3D%3D&lsparams=mh%2Cmm%2Cmn%2Cms%2Cmv%2Cmvi%2Cpl%2Cinitcwndbps&lsig=AG3C_xAwRgIhALlbQJhLhsKk9tVJdpd0OfXwuiWC26m4cDjWZ8MvxO1MAiEA8EG4gFtyQVAWXRWz_d3DYsCTY4oCiTobXSHKnemPR38%3D","type":"mp4","ext":"mp4","downloadable":false,"quality":"360","audio":false,"no_audio":false,"itag":"18","filesize":35202709,"attr":{"title":"video 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这里面有一长串json文本然后里面就包含我们要的下载链接和其他杂七杂八的东西，在json格式化平台(比如bejson)把这一段json文本输入

可以发现meta主要是视频消息，然后url下就是不同分辨率的视频下载链接了

下一章会讲怎么制作自动python程序

-EOF-

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用python做youtube自动化下载器 思路