sed 和awk的执行方式

sed

测试案例：

　　　　在有cat的行末开始追加<---,直到有dog的行结束　　

[root@L shells]# cat catDog.txt
snake
snake
pig
bird
dog
cat
snake
pig
bird
snake
cat
bird
dog
bird
tiger
snake
bird
cat
lion
ji
sdf　　

一.命令

[root@L shells]# sed '/cat/,/dog/s/$/<---/' catDog.txt
snake
snake
pig
bird
dog
cat <---
snake  <---
pig<---
bird<---
snake<---
cat<---
bird<---
dog <---
bird
tiger
snake
bird
cat<---
lion<---
ji<---
sdf<---

二.sed脚本

[root@L shells]# cat sed.txt
/cat/,/dog/s/$/<---/
[root@L shells]# sed -f sed.txt catDog.txt
snake
snake
pig
bird
dog
cat <---
snake  <---
pig<---
bird<---
snake<---
cat<---
bird<---
dog <---
bird
tiger
snake
bird
cat<---
lion<---
ji<---
sdf<---

awk

　　测试案例 ：

　　　　把文本按行倒序排列

[root@L shells]# cat zancun.txt 

一.命令　

[root@L shells]# awk '{line[NR]=$0}END{for(i=NR;i>0;i--){print line[i]}}' zancun.txt

二.awk脚本

[root@L shells]# cat awk.txt
{line[NR]=$}END{for(i=NR;i>;i--){print line[i]}}
[root@L shells]# awk -f awk.txt zancun.txt 

[root@room9pc01 ~]# cat awk.txt
BEGIN{FS=":";printf "%-30s %-10s %-30s \n","User","UID","Home"}
{printf "%-30s %-10s %-30s \n",$,$,$}  # %10s   占10个位置    -左对齐
END{printf ""Total",NR"lines"}

[root@room9pc01 ~]# awk -f awk.txt /etc/passwd
User                           UID        Home
root                                     root
bin                                      bin
daemon                                   daemon
adm                                      adm
lp                                       lp
sync                                     sync
shutdown                                 shutdown
halt                                     halt
mail                                     mail
operator                                operator
games                                   games
ftp                                     FTP User
nobody                                  Nobody
avahi-autoipd                          Avahi IPv4LL Stack
systemd-bus-proxy                      systemd Bus Proxy
systemd-network                        systemd Network Management
dbus                                    System message bus
polkitd                                User for polkitd
abrt
tss                                     Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon
unbound                                Unbound DNS resolver
usbmuxd                                usbmuxd user
colord                                 User for colord
saslauth                               Saslauthd user
libstoragemgmt                         daemon account for libstoragemgmt
geoclue                                User for geoclue
rpc                                     Rpcbind Daemon
setroubleshoot
rtkit                                  RealtimeKit
qemu                                   qemu user
rpcuser                                 RPC Service User
nfsnobody                            Anonymous NFS User
radvd                                   radvd user
chrony
pulse                                  PulseAudio System Daemon
gdm
gnome-initial-setup
avahi                                   Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack
postfix
sshd                                    Privilege-separated SSH
ntp
tcpdump
Student
apache                                  Apache
mysql                                   MariaDB Server
Total 45lines

　　

三.shell脚本

[root@L shells]# cat zancun.txt 

[root@L shells]# cat awk.sh
#!/usr/bin/awk -f
#FileName:  :awk.sh
#Description:
#
#Author     :root
#Date       :--
BEGIN{}
{line[NR]=$}
END{
    for(i=NR;i>;i--){
        print line[i]
    }
}

[root@L shells]# ./awk.sh zancun.txt 

[root@room9pc01 ~]# cat awk.awk
#!/usr/bin/awk -f
BEGIN{
    FS=":";
    printf "%-30s %-10s %-30s \n","User","UID","Home"
}
{
    printf "%-30s %-10s %-30s \n",$,$,$
}  # %10s   占10个位置    -左对齐
END{
    print "Total",NR"lines"
}

[root@room9pc01 ~]# ./awk.awk /etc/passwd
User                           UID        Home
root                                     root
bin                                      bin
daemon                                   daemon
adm                                      adm
lp                                       lp
sync                                     sync
shutdown                                 shutdown
halt                                     halt
mail                                     mail
operator                                operator
games                                   games
ftp                                     FTP User
nobody                                  Nobody
avahi-autoipd                          Avahi IPv4LL Stack
systemd-bus-proxy                      systemd Bus Proxy
systemd-network                        systemd Network Management
dbus                                    System message bus
polkitd                                User for polkitd
abrt
tss                                     Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon
unbound                                Unbound DNS resolver
usbmuxd                                usbmuxd user
colord                                 User for colord
saslauth                               Saslauthd user
libstoragemgmt                         daemon account for libstoragemgmt
geoclue                                User for geoclue
rpc                                     Rpcbind Daemon
setroubleshoot
rtkit                                  RealtimeKit
qemu                                   qemu user
rpcuser                                 RPC Service User
nfsnobody                            Anonymous NFS User
radvd                                   radvd user
chrony
pulse                                  PulseAudio System Daemon
gdm
gnome-initial-setup
avahi                                   Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack
postfix
sshd                                    Privilege-separated SSH
ntp
tcpdump
Student
apache                                  Apache
mysql                                   MariaDB Server
Total 45lines