为什么实数系里不存在最小正数?(Why the smallest positive real number doesn't exist in the real number system ?)
We define the smallest positive real number as the number which is explicitly greater than zero and yet less than all other positive real numbers except itself.
The smallest positive real number, if exists, implies the existence of the second greater positive real number after it, which subtracts the smallest positive real number equals the smallest positive real number. The difference between the second greater positive real number and smallest positive real number could not be any other positive real number greater than the smallest positive real number, otherwise there must be a number with the magnitude of twice the smallest positive real number between the smallest positive real number and the second greater positive real number, which contradicts to the definition of the second greater positive real number, that is there is no number between it and the the smallest positive real number. Follow the same meaning, one could define the third greater positive real number which subtracts the second greater positive real number equals the smallest positive real number, then the 4th greater positive real number, 5th, ...this would finally make the set of positive real number countable, while Cantor already proved the set of positive real number is uncountable using the diagonal argument.
The smallest positive real number, if exists, also implies the existence of the indivisible unit. The smallest positive real number is not legitimate to divide, otherwise one would get numbers less than the smallest positive real number, which contradicts to the definition of the smallest positive real number. N.B. the conclusion is conducted out in terms of assuming the existence of the smallest positive real number. In such a number system, the ultimate unit of measurement would be the smallest positive real number, based on such idea one would be eventually led to the world of atomism.
The Greek scientist Democritus (about 460– 380 B.C.) apparently considered solids as "sums" of a tremendous number of extremely small "indivisible" atoms (don't get confused with that in chemistry). Democritus held that his atoms, being not only very small but the smallest possible particles of matter, were not only too small to be divided physically but also logically indivisible. In such a system, the ultimate unit of measurement would be the size of an atom.
Obviously, the atom unit size is equal to the smallest positive real number. However, Euclidean geometry, in particular, the Pythagorean theorem denies the existence of such indivisible atom size, therefore denied the existence of the indivisible unit-the smallest positive real number.
Consider any geometrical figures (e.g., squares, triangles, etc.) with line segments as sides from atomism, then the length of each side will be measured in atoms, and each side will be assigned an integer as its measure. (Each side will be n atomic units long, where n is a positive integer.) Now consider an isosceles right triangle with side composed of 100 atoms, how many atoms its hypotenuse includes? Using the Pythagorean theorem \(\sqrt{100^2 + 100^2}=\sqrt{2\times 100^2}=100\sqrt{2}\), the hypotenuse includes \(100\sqrt{2}\) atoms, while \(100\sqrt{2}\) is not a whole number. And notice that this is true irrespective of the size of the side, so the situation does not change if we suppose that the side of the isosceles right triangle are composed of a very large number of very small “space atoms”. Even if the sides are billions of atoms long, the length of the hypotenuse will still be an irrational number of such atoms. Let \(a\), the whole number of atoms in the side of a isosceles right triangle, be as large as you like, and let \(c\) be the number of atoms in the hypotenuse; \(c\) will still be an irrational number, for \(c = a\sqrt{2}\) . This means that there is no integer \(c\) such that the hypotenuse of an isosceles right triangle is \(c\) space atoms long if its side is some integer \(n\) space atoms long. To put it another way, the diagonal and the side of a square cannot both be measured atomistically.
In one word, the smallest positive real number doesn't exist !
为什么实数系里不存在最小正数?(Why the smallest positive real number doesn't exist in the real number system ?)的更多相关文章
- Java输出double类型中的最小正数和最大正数
这是<写给大忙人看的java核心技术>中的一道练习题. 1. 输出最大正数值 System.out.println(Double.MAX_VALUE); 直接输出包装类Double的MAX ...
- Leetcode之二分法专题-744. 寻找比目标字母大的最小字母(Find Smallest Letter Greater Than Target)
Leetcode之二分法专题-744. 寻找比目标字母大的最小字母(Find Smallest Letter Greater Than Target) 给定一个只包含小写字母的有序数组letters ...
- LeetCode 41. 缺失的第一个正数(First Missing Positive)
题目描述 给定一个未排序的整数数组,找出其中没有出现的最小的正整数. 示例 1: 输入: [1,2,0] 输出: 3 示例 2: 输入: [3,4,-1,1] 输出: 2 示例 3: 输入: [7,8 ...
- [Swift]LeetCode483. 最小好进制 | Smallest Good Base
For an integer n, we call k>=2 a good base of n, if all digits of n base k are 1. Now given a str ...
- C#LeetCode刷题之#744-寻找比目标字母大的最小字母(Find Smallest Letter Greater Than Target)
问题 该文章的最新版本已迁移至个人博客[比特飞],单击链接 https://www.byteflying.com/archives/4001 访问. 给定一个只包含小写字母的有序数组letters 和 ...
- 【ZOJ 3609】Modular Inverse 最小乘法逆元
The modular modular multiplicative inverse of an integer a modulo m is an integer x such that a-1≡x ...
- ZOJ 3609 Modular Inverse(拓展欧几里得求最小逆元)
Modular Inverse Time Limit: 2 Seconds Memory Limit: 65536 KB The modular modular multiplicative ...
- OPTM-Optimal Marks-SPOJ839最小割
You are given an undirected graph G(V, E). Each vertex has a mark which is an integer from the range ...
- HDU 1394 Minimum Inversion Number(最小逆序数 线段树)
Minimum Inversion Number [题目链接]Minimum Inversion Number [题目类型]最小逆序数 线段树 &题意: 求一个数列经过n次变换得到的数列其中的 ...
随机推荐
- 【SqlServer】SqlServer的游标使用
什么是游标 结果集,结果集就是select查询之后返回的所有行数据的集合. 游标则是处理结果集的一种机制吧,它可以定位到结果集中的某一行,多数据进行读写,也可以移动游标定位到你所需要的行中进行操作数据 ...
- 【Java】java数据库连接中C3P、DBCP、Druid连接池的使用
使用JDBC的步骤:1.加载数据库驱动2.通过DriverManager获得数据库连接3.通过Connection获得Statement对象4.使用Statement执行SQL语句.5.操作结果集合6 ...
- 浅谈MySQL备份字符集的问题
1 引子 MySQL备份时选择字符集是一个难题,特别是字符集不定的业务.mysqldump默认使用utf8,而官方也推荐使用utf8.但实际上,对于中文,部分相当一部分gbk编码字符没有对应的unic ...
- Python CBV和FBV
''' 说一下CBV(class+base+views)和FBV(function+base+views),我们之前Django 里写的都是FBV,今天看一下 CBV,也就是在我们的视图函数里写类 ' ...
- 每帧创建一个item
-- 加载列表测试 function UIBagController:onLoadTest() self.goodsprop = DB.getTable("goodsprop"); ...
- GNU Binutils简介及基本用法
[时间:2017-06] [状态:Open] [关键词:GNU, binutils, as, ld, ar, 基础工具,linux,链接器,汇编器] 0 简介 GNU Binary Utilities ...
- bootstrap 3.0 LESS源代码浅析(一)
我一直以为Bootstrap的LESS源代码精髓在mixins.less,所以这个系列主要也是讲解mixins.less的. 什么是mixins? 混入,或者翻译成混合.官网的说法是:我们可以定义一些 ...
- laravel项目composer安装
1.下载 Composer (https://pkg.phpcomposer.com/#how-to-install-composer) 安装前请务必确保已经正确安装了 PHP.打开命令行窗口并执行 ...
- react 生命周期钩子里不要写逻辑,否则不生效
react 生命周期钩子里不要写逻辑,否则不生效,要把逻辑写在函数里,然后在钩子里调用函数,否则会出现问题.
- react实现多行文本超出加省略号
http://www.css88.com/archives/5206 overflow : hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; display: -webkit-box; ...