pyqt pyinstaller使用说明

一、实验环境

1.Windows7x64_SP1

2.anaconda2.5.0 + python2.7(anaconda集成，不需单独安装)

3.pyinstaller3.0

python2.7使用最新3.5存在问题，使用最新3.5存在问题，使用最新3.5存在问题，重要的事情说三遍！

安装最新的pyinstaller3.5，打包运行正常，但运行程序报错，弹出对话框提示Fatal Error，做如下debug：

1.使用管理员权限运行cmd，输入如下命令

pyinstaller -D smartbit_tool.py -w -i .\ico\magnifier.ico

运行程序依然报错，弹出对话框提示Fatal Error，看来不是cmd权限不够问题

2.pyinstaller打包参数中打开控制台，命令如下

pyinstaller -D smartbit_tool.py -i .\ico\magnifier.ico

运行程序依然报错，弹出的控制台一闪而过，无法看清具体出错信息

在批处理中执行如上程序，终于看到报错信息，提示pyinstaller未找到sip模块，Google后发现pyinstaller会调用sip模块，非个人编写的程序代码。

于是卸载pyinstaller3.5，重新安装pyinstaller3.0，打包程序，程序运行正常。

二、实验步骤

2.1 pyinstaller帮助手册 ，可以使用如下命令查看

pyinstaller -h

帮助文档如下：

Usage: pyinstaller [opts] <scriptname> [ <scriptname> ...] | <specfile>

Options:
  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
  -v, --version         Show program version info and exit.
  --distpath=DIR        Where to put the bundled app (default: .\dist)
  --workpath=WORKPATH   Where to put all the temporary work files, .log, .pyz
                        and etc. (default: .\build)
  -y, --noconfirm       Replace output directory (default:
                        SPECPATH\dist\SPECNAME) without asking for
                        confirmation
  --upx-dir=UPX_DIR     Path to UPX utility (default: search the execution
                        path)
  -a, --ascii           Do not include unicode encoding support (default:
                        included if available)
  --clean               Clean PyInstaller cache and remove temporary files
                        before building.
  --log-level=LOGLEVEL  Amount of detail in build-time console messages
                        (default: INFO, choose one of DEBUG, INFO, WARN,
                        ERROR, CRITICAL)

  What to generate:
    -F, --onefile       Create a one-file bundled executable.
    -D, --onedir        Create a one-folder bundle containing an executable
                        (default)
    --specpath=DIR      Folder to store the generated spec file (default:
                        current directory)
    -n NAME, --name=NAME
                        Name to assign to the bundled app and spec file
                        (default: first script's basename)

  What to bundle, where to search:
    -p DIR, --paths=DIR
                        A path to search for imports (like using PYTHONPATH).
                        Multiple paths are allowed, separated by ';', or use
                        this option multiple times
    --hidden-import=MODULENAME
                        Name an import not visible in the code of the
                        script(s). This option can be used multiple times.
    --additional-hooks-dir=HOOKSPATH
                        An additional path to search for hooks. This option
                        can be used multiple times.
    --runtime-hook=RUNTIME_HOOKS
                        Path to a custom runtime hook file. A runtime hook is
                        code that is bundled with the executable and is
                        executed before any other code or module to set up
                        special features of the runtime environment. This
                        option can be used multiple times.
    --exclude-module=EXCLUDES
                        Optional module or package (his Python names,not path
                        names) that will be ignored (as thoughit was not
                        found).This option can be used multiple times.
    --key=KEY           The key used to encrypt Python bytecode.

  How to generate:
    -d, --debug         Tell the bootloader to issue progress messages while
                        initializing and starting the bundled app. Used to
                        diagnose problems with missing imports.
    -s, --strip         Apply a symbol-table strip to the executable and
                        shared libs (not recommended for Windows)
    --noupx             Do not use UPX even if it is available (works
                        differently between Windows and *nix)

  Windows and Mac OS X specific options:
    -c, --console, --nowindowed
                        Open a console window for standard i/o (default)
    -w, --windowed, --noconsole
                        Windows and Mac OS X: do not provide a console window
                        for standard i/o. On Mac OS X this also triggers
                        building an OS X .app bundle.This option is ignored in
                        *NIX systems.
    -i <FILE.ico or FILE.exe,ID or FILE.icns>, --icon=<FILE.ico or FILE.exe,ID or FILE.icns>
                        FILE.ico: apply that icon to a Windows executable.
                        FILE.exe,ID, extract the icon with ID from an exe.
                        FILE.icns: apply the icon to the .app bundle on Mac OS
                        X

  Windows specific options:
    --version-file=FILE
                        add a version resource from FILE to the exe
    -m <FILE or XML>, --manifest=<FILE or XML>
                        add manifest FILE or XML to the exe
    -r <FILE[,TYPE[,NAME[,LANGUAGE]]]>, --resource=<FILE[,TYPE[,NAME[,LANGUAGE]]]>
                        Add or update a resource of the given type, name and
                        language from FILE to a Windows executable. FILE can
                        be a data file or an exe/dll. For data files, at least
                        TYPE and NAME must be specified. LANGUAGE defaults to
                        0 or may be specified as wildcard * to update all
                        resources of the given TYPE and NAME. For exe/dll
                        files, all resources from FILE will be added/updated
                        to the final executable if TYPE, NAME and LANGUAGE are
                        omitted or specified as wildcard *.This option can be
                        used multiple times.
    --uac-admin         Using this option creates a Manifest which will
                        request elevation upon application restart.
    --uac-uiaccess      Using this option allows an elevated application to
                        work with Remote Desktop.

  Windows Side-by-side Assembly searching options (advanced):
    --win-private-assemblies
                        Any Shared Assemblies bundled into the application
                        will be changed into Private Assemblies. This means
                        the exact versions of these assemblies will always be
                        used, and any newer versions installed on user
                        machines at the system level will be ignored.
    --win-no-prefer-redirects
                        While searching for Shared or Private Assemblies to
                        bundle into the application, PyInstaller will prefer
                        not to follow policies that redirect to newer
                        versions, and will try to bundle the exact versions of
                        the assembly.

  Mac OS X specific options:
    --osx-bundle-identifier=BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER
                        Mac OS X .app bundle identifier is used as the default
                        unique program name for code signing purposes. The
                        usual form is a hierarchical name in reverse DNS
                        notation. For example:
                        com.mycompany.department.appname (default: first
                        script's basename)

  Obsolete options (not used anymore):
    -X, -K, -C, -o, --upx, --tk, --configfile, --skip-configure, --out, --buildpath
                        These options do not exist anymore.

　　

2.2 常用参数说明

• -D 创建一个目录，里面包含exe以及其他一些依赖性文件
• -F 表示生成单个可执行文件
• -w 表示去掉控制台窗口，在GUI界面时非常有用
• -i 表示可执行文件的图标，请使用*.ico格式图片

需要特别强调的是-i参数，可执行文件图标要求如下：

Windows XP:

Explorer views:
Details / List: 16
Icons: 32
Tiles / Thumbnails: 48
Right-click->Properties / choosing a new icon: 32
Quickstart area: 16
Desktop: 32
Windows 7:

Explorer views:
Details / List / Small symbols: 16
All other options: 256 (resized, if necessary)
Right-click->Properties / choosing a new icon: 32
Pinned to taskbar: 32
Right-click-menu: 16
Desktop:
Small symbols: 32
Medium symbols: 48
Large symbols: 256 (resized, if necessary)
Zooming using Ctrl+Mouse wheel: 16, 32, 48, 256

Windows XP uses 16, 32, 48-size icons

while Windows 7 (and presumably also Vista) also uses 256-size icons. 所有中间尺寸会被过滤　

2.3 参数组合使用

2.3.1 smartbit_tool.py打包为一个文件夹、关闭控制台、添加程序图标

pyinstaller -D smartbit_tool.py -w -i .\ico\magnifier.ico

2.3.2 smartbit_tool.py打包为单个文件、关闭控制台、添加程序图标

pyinstaller -F smartbit_tool.py -w -i .\ico\magnifier.ico

　　

2.4 程序图标下载网站

https://www.easyicon.net/

提供各种尺寸图片下载，非常方便！