SSM详细整合

SSM(Spring+Spring MVC+MyBatis)

1 简介

SSM 包含三大框架:

　　Spring MVC (web level)，采取 MVC 架构，意图取代麻烦的 Servlet 写法，简化 web 层

　　MyBatis (dao level)，意图取代 jdbc 操作数据库，轻量级、灵活、高效

　　Spring，提供了 IoC(容器，用来管理组装对象) 和 AoP(切面，用来自动增强对象功能) 功能，它用来将对象和其他框架组织在一起.

2 首先，创建项目

　　推荐使用 Maven 或者 Gradle 创建 ssm 项目。

　　可以选择在 Idea 下面，创建 Maven 或 Gradle 项目即可。

3 其次，增加依赖(jar 包)

Maven 的配置文件是 pom.xml，想为项目添加依赖，只需要向 pom.xml 增加相关配置即可。

示例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>147</groupId>
  <artifactId>my_ssm</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>my_ssm Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <!-- 用来单元测试的jar包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  <!--spring jar-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring mvc 的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.0.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mybatis jar 包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.4.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--数据库相关 jar 包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
      <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--其他-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--Jackson架包-->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.7</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--日志架包log4j-->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>my_ssm</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.7.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.20.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

点击IDEA刷新工具即自动下载jar包并配置，或点击Import Changes

基本只需要下面几个配置文件:

• resources/mybatis.xml, mybatis 的核心配置文件
• resources/spring-root.xml, spring 的核心配置文件
• resources/spring-web.xml, spring mvc 的配置文件，可以配置 springmvc 相关的东西
• web.xml, 因为是 web 项目，必须要配置 web.xml，让服务器启动的时候加载 spring 和 spring mvc
• log4j.properties，用来定义日志输出

mybatis.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>
    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
    </settings>
</configuration>

spring-root.xml 示例:

ps:本示例命名为spring_root.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--@Component/@Service/@Repository/@Controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.gdnf.ssm.service" />

    <!--创建数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mariadb://localhost:3306/bookdb?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8&amp;rewriteBatchedStatements=true" />
        <property name="user" value="root" />
        <property name="password" value="dz520123" />
    </bean>

    <!--配置 mybatis-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml" />
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com.gdnf.ssm.dao/*.xml" />
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory" />
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.gdnf.ssm.dao" />
    </bean>
</beans>

spring-web.xml 示例:

ps：本示例的命名为spring_mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:contxt="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--扫描包下面所有的 @Controller 注解的类，并将其实例化，放入容器-->
    <contxt:component-scan base-package="com.gdnf.ssm.web" />

    <!--启用 mvc 的常用注解-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!--将所有的静态资源，交给 Servlet 处理-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />

    <!--配置 jsp view解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

web.xml 示例，用来驱动 spring 和 spring mvc:

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!--全局，注意各标签的顺序-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring_root.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!--编码过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!--配置 Spring 的容器-->

  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!--配置 MVC 容器-->
  <!--将所有的请求，都交给 Spring MVC 处理-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring_mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

log4j.properties，用来配置日志:

# 全局配置: 只显示错误级别的日志，输出为名字为 stdou 的日志
log4j.rootLogger=ERROR, stdout

# MyBatis 的日志配置，只输出 com.nf147.bookstore_ssm.dao 包下产生 INFO 以及以上级别的日志
#TRACEINFO
log4j.logger.com.gdnf.ssm.dao=TRACE

# 定义名字为 stdout 的日志，将日志输出到控制台
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n

目录结构图

然后就可以创建服务器，启动之了

之后就可以在 idea 里面创建应用服务器，将项目部署到上面，运行之。

开始编码, 准备工作

请看下一段