在日常开发中，经常会遇到多个数据源的问题，而SpringBoot也有相关API:Configure Two DataSources:https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.4.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#howto-two-datasources

本文SpringBoot版本为2.0（由于2.0之前的版本和之后的版本配置会有些许不同，2.0之前的版本推荐一位大牛的博文：http://blog.didispace.com/springbootmultidatasource/）下面会介绍这两种多数据源的配置方法，希望大家多多指教！

一、JdbcTemplate多数据源配置

　　1、添加applicaton.properties数据库连接信息，有两个数据源，一个为主，一个为从：

app.datasource.foo.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.121:3306/test

app.datasource.foo.username=root

app.datasource.foo.password=admincss

app.datasource.foo.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

app.datasource.bar.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.121:3306/test2

app.datasource.bar.username=root

app.datasource.bar.password=admincss

app.datasource.bar.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

　　2、创建数据源类：

package com.cn.datasource;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description: 数据源配置类

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-03 14:35

 **/

@Configuration

public class JdbcDataSourceConfig {

    @Primary

    @Bean(name = "dataSourcePropertiesFoo")

    @Qualifier("dataSourcePropertiesFoo")

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="app.datasource.foo")

    public DataSourceProperties dataSourcePropertiesFoo() {

        return new DataSourceProperties();

    }

    @Primary

    @Bean(name = "fooDataSource")

    @Qualifier("fooDataSource")

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="app.datasource.foo")

    public DataSource fooDataSource(@Qualifier("dataSourcePropertiesFoo") DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties) {

        return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();

    }

    @Bean(name = "dataSourcePropertiesBar")

    @Qualifier("dataSourcePropertiesBar")

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="app.datasource.bar")

    public DataSourceProperties dataSourcePropertiesBar() {

        return new DataSourceProperties();

    }

    @Bean(name = "barDataSource")

    @Qualifier("barDataSource")

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix="app.datasource.bar")

    public DataSource barDataSource(@Qualifier("dataSourcePropertiesBar") DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties) {

        return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();

    }

    @Bean(name = "fooJdbcTemplate")

    @Qualifier("fooJdbcTemplate")

    public JdbcTemplate fooJdbcTemplate(@Qualifier("fooDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {

        return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);

    }

    @Bean(name = "barJdbcTemplate")

    @Qualifier("barJdbcTemplate")

    public JdbcTemplate barJdbcTemplate(@Qualifier("barDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {

        return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);

    }

}

　　3、创建简单的测试bean、controller、service、entityRowMapper：

package com.cn.entity.u;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description: 用户类

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-02 09:59

 **/

public class User implements Serializable{

    private int id;

    private String name;

    private int age;

    private String address;

    @Override

    public String toString() {

        return "User{" +

            "id=" + id +

            ", name='" + name + '\'' +

            ", age=" + age +

            ", address='" + address + '\'' +

            '}';

    }

    public int getId() {

        return id;

    }

    public void setId(int id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

    public int getAge() {

        return age;

    }

    public void setAge(int age) {

        this.age = age;

    }

    public String getAddress() {

        return address;

    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {

        this.address = address;

    }

}

User.java

package com.cn.controller;

import com.cn.entity.u.User;

import com.cn.service.UserService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-02 09:58

 **/

@RestController

public class JdbcTestController {

    @Autowired

    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "getUserById/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)

    public User getUserById(@PathVariable int id) {

        return userService.getUserById(id);

    }

}

JdbcTestController.java

package com.cn.service;

import com.cn.entity.u.User;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-02 10:02

 **/

public interface UserService {

    User getUserById(int id);

}

UserService.java

package com.cn.service;

import com.cn.entity.u.User;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-02 10:07

 **/

@Service

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{

    @Autowired

    @Qualifier("fooJdbcTemplate")

    protected JdbcTemplate fooJdbcTemplate;

    @Autowired

    @Qualifier("barJdbcTemplate")

    protected JdbcTemplate barJdbcTemplate;

    @Override

    public User getUserById(int id) {

        User user = fooJdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from user where id=?", new Object[]{id},new UserRowMapper());

        User user2 = barJdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from user where id=?", new Object[]{id},new UserRowMapper());

        System.out.println(user);

        System.out.println(user2);

        return user;

    }

}

UserServiceImpl.java

package com.cn.service;

import com.cn.entity.u.User;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import java.sql.SQLException;

class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper<User> {

    public User mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {

        User user = new User();

        user.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));

        user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));

        user.setAge(resultSet.getInt("age"));

        user.setAddress(resultSet.getString("address"));

        return user;

    }

}

UserRowMapper.java

　　4、测试；

二、JpaRepository多数据源

　　1、添加数据源信息如上；

　　2、使用上一个项目的数据源DataSource进行进一步的配置JpaFooConfig、JpaBarConfig：

package com.cn.datasource;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateSettings;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaProperties;

import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;

import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;

import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;

import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-04 10:54

 **/

@Configuration

@EnableTransactionManagement

@EnableJpaRepositories(

    entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactoryFoo",

    transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerFoo",

    basePackages = {"com.cn.entity.s"})

public class JpaFooConfig {

    @Resource

    @Qualifier("fooDataSource")

    private DataSource fooDataSource;

    @Primary

    @Bean(name = "entityManagerFoo")

    public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {

        return entityManagerFactoryFoo(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();

    }

    @Resource

    private JpaProperties jpaProperties;

    private Map<String, Object> getVendorProperties() {

        return jpaProperties.getHibernateProperties(new HibernateSettings());

    }

    /**

     * 设置实体类所在位置

     */

    @Primary

    @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactoryFoo")

    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryFoo(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {

        return builder

            .dataSource(fooDataSource)

            .packages("com.cn.entity.s")

            .persistenceUnit("fooPersistenceUnit")

            .properties(getVendorProperties())

            .build();

    }

    @Primary

    @Bean(name = "transactionManagerFoo")

    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerFoo(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {

        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryFoo(builder).getObject());

    }

}

package com.cn.datasource;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateSettings;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaProperties;

import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;

import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;

import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;

import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-04 10:54

 **/

@Configuration

@EnableTransactionManagement

@EnableJpaRepositories(

    entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactoryBar",

    transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerBar",

    basePackages = {"com.cn.entity.t"})//repository的目录

public class JpaBarConfig {

    @Autowired

    @Qualifier("barDataSource")

    private DataSource barDataSource;

    @Bean(name = "entityManagerBar")

    public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {

        return entityManagerFactoryBar(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();

    }

    @Resource

    private JpaProperties jpaProperties;

    private Map<String, Object> getVendorProperties() {

        return jpaProperties.getHibernateProperties(new HibernateSettings());

    }

    @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactoryBar")

    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryBar(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {

        return builder

            .dataSource(barDataSource)

            .packages("com.cn.entity.t")//实体类的目录

            .persistenceUnit("barPersistenceUnit")

            .properties(getVendorProperties())

            .build();

    }

    @Bean(name = "transactionManagerBar")

    PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerBar(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {

        return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryBar(builder).getObject());

    }

}

　　3、同上创建相关的测试类进行测试（bean、repository、controller、service 注意bean、repository的目录要放在2步骤中配置的位置）：

package com.cn.entity.s;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;

import javax.persistence.Id;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description: 学生实体类

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-02 10:47

 **/

@Entity

public class Student {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue

    private int id;

    private String name;

    private int age;

    private int grade;

    public Student() {

    }

    public Student(String name, int age, int grade) {

        this.name = name;

        this.age = age;

        this.grade = grade;

    }

    @Override

    public String toString() {

        return "Student{" +

            "id=" + id +

            ", name='" + name + '\'' +

            ", age=" + age +

            ", grade=" + grade +

            '}';

    }

    public int getId() {

        return id;

    }

    public void setId(int id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

    public int getAge() {

        return age;

    }

    public void setAge(int age) {

        this.age = age;

    }

    public int getGrade() {

        return grade;

    }

    public void setGrade(int grade) {

        this.grade = grade;

    }

}

Student.java

package com.cn.entity.s;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-02 11:02

 **/

public interface StudentDao extends JpaRepository<Student,Integer> {

    Student findByName(String name);

}

StudentDao.java

package com.cn.entity.t;

import javax.persistence.Entity;

import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;

import javax.persistence.Id;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-04 10:38

 **/

@Entity

public class Teacher {

    @Id

    @GeneratedValue

    private int id;

    private String name;

    private String age;

    private String course;

    public Teacher() {

    }

    public Teacher(String name, String age, String course) {

        this.name = name;

        this.age = age;

        this.course = course;

    }

    @Override

    public String toString() {

        return "Teacher{" +

            "id=" + id +

            ", name='" + name + '\'' +

            ", age='" + age + '\'' +

            ", course='" + course + '\'' +

            '}';

    }

    public int getId() {

        return id;

    }

    public void setId(int id) {

        this.id = id;

    }

    public String getName() {

        return name;

    }

    public void setName(String name) {

        this.name = name;

    }

    public String getAge() {

        return age;

    }

    public void setAge(String age) {

        this.age = age;

    }

    public String getCourse() {

        return course;

    }

    public void setCourse(String course) {

        this.course = course;

    }

}

Teacher.java

package com.cn.entity.t;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;

/**

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-02 11:02

 **/

public interface TeacherDao extends JpaRepository<Teacher,Integer> {

    Teacher findByName(String name);

}

TeacherDao.java

package com.cn.controller;

import com.cn.entity.s.Student;

import com.cn.service.JpaService;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/*

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-02 11:15

 */

@RestController

public class JpaTestController {

    @Autowired

    private JpaService jpaService;

    @RequestMapping("findByName/{name}")

    public Student findByName(@PathVariable String name) {

        return jpaService.findByName(name);

    }

}

JpaTestController.java

package com.cn.service;

import com.cn.entity.s.Student;

/*

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-02 11:12

 */

public interface JpaService {

    Student findByName(String name);

}

JpaService.java

package com.cn.service;

import com.cn.entity.s.StudentDao;

import com.cn.entity.s.Student;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

/*

 * @program: spring-boot-example

 * @description:

 * @author:

 * @create: 2018-05-02 11:13

 */

@Service

public class JpaServiceImpl implements JpaService {

    @Autowired

    private StudentDao studentDao;

    @Override

    public Student findByName(String name) {

        return studentDao.findByName(name);

    }

}

JpaServiceImpl.java

　　　4、测试；

示例代码：https://gitee.com/lfalex/spring-boot-example/tree/dev/spring-boot-datasource

参考官方文档：https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.4.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#howto-data-access

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