（四）SpringBoot2.0基础篇- 多数据源，JdbcTemplate和JpaRepository
在日常开发中，经常会遇到多个数据源的问题，而SpringBoot也有相关API:Configure Two DataSources:https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.4.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#howto-two-datasources
本文SpringBoot版本为2.0（由于2.0之前的版本和之后的版本配置会有些许不同，2.0之前的版本推荐一位大牛的博文：http://blog.didispace.com/springbootmultidatasource/）下面会介绍这两种多数据源的配置方法，希望大家多多指教！
一、JdbcTemplate多数据源配置
1、添加applicaton.properties数据库连接信息，有两个数据源，一个为主，一个为从：
app.datasource.foo.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.121:3306/test
app.datasource.foo.username=root
app.datasource.foo.password=admincss
app.datasource.foo.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver app.datasource.bar.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.121:3306/test2
app.datasource.bar.username=root
app.datasource.bar.password=admincss
app.datasource.bar.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
2、创建数据源类：
package com.cn.datasource; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import javax.sql.DataSource; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description: 数据源配置类
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-03 14:35
**/ @Configuration
public class JdbcDataSourceConfig { @Primary
@Bean(name = "dataSourcePropertiesFoo")
@Qualifier("dataSourcePropertiesFoo")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="app.datasource.foo")
public DataSourceProperties dataSourcePropertiesFoo() {
return new DataSourceProperties();
} @Primary
@Bean(name = "fooDataSource")
@Qualifier("fooDataSource")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="app.datasource.foo")
public DataSource fooDataSource(@Qualifier("dataSourcePropertiesFoo") DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties) {
return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
} @Bean(name = "dataSourcePropertiesBar")
@Qualifier("dataSourcePropertiesBar")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="app.datasource.bar")
public DataSourceProperties dataSourcePropertiesBar() {
return new DataSourceProperties();
} @Bean(name = "barDataSource")
@Qualifier("barDataSource")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="app.datasource.bar")
public DataSource barDataSource(@Qualifier("dataSourcePropertiesBar") DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties) {
return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
} @Bean(name = "fooJdbcTemplate")
@Qualifier("fooJdbcTemplate")
public JdbcTemplate fooJdbcTemplate(@Qualifier("fooDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
} @Bean(name = "barJdbcTemplate")
@Qualifier("barJdbcTemplate")
public JdbcTemplate barJdbcTemplate(@Qualifier("barDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
}
}
3、创建简单的测试bean、controller、service、entityRowMapper：
package com.cn.entity.u; import java.io.Serializable; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description: 用户类
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-02 09:59
**/
public class User implements Serializable{ private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
private String address; @Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
'}';
} public int getId() {
return id;
} public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
} public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public int getAge() {
return age;
} public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
} public String getAddress() {
return address;
} public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
}
User.java
package com.cn.controller; import com.cn.entity.u.User;
import com.cn.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-02 09:58
**/ @RestController
public class JdbcTestController { @Autowired
private UserService userService; @RequestMapping(value = "getUserById/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public User getUserById(@PathVariable int id) {
return userService.getUserById(id);
} }
JdbcTestController.java
package com.cn.service; import com.cn.entity.u.User; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-02 10:02
**/ public interface UserService { User getUserById(int id); }
UserService.java
package com.cn.service; import com.cn.entity.u.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-02 10:07
**/ @Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{ @Autowired
@Qualifier("fooJdbcTemplate")
protected JdbcTemplate fooJdbcTemplate; @Autowired
@Qualifier("barJdbcTemplate")
protected JdbcTemplate barJdbcTemplate; @Override
public User getUserById(int id) {
User user = fooJdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from user where id=?", new Object[]{id},new UserRowMapper());
User user2 = barJdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from user where id=?", new Object[]{id},new UserRowMapper());
System.out.println(user);
System.out.println(user2);
return user;
} }
UserServiceImpl.java
package com.cn.service; import com.cn.entity.u.User;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException; class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper<User> { public User mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
User user = new User();
user.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
user.setAge(resultSet.getInt("age"));
user.setAddress(resultSet.getString("address"));
return user;
} }
UserRowMapper.java
4、测试；
二、JpaRepository多数据源
1、添加数据源信息如上；
2、使用上一个项目的数据源DataSource进行进一步的配置JpaFooConfig、JpaBarConfig：
package com.cn.datasource; import java.util.Map;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateSettings;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-04 10:54
**/ @Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactoryFoo",
transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerFoo",
basePackages = {"com.cn.entity.s"})
public class JpaFooConfig { @Resource
@Qualifier("fooDataSource")
private DataSource fooDataSource; @Primary
@Bean(name = "entityManagerFoo")
public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return entityManagerFactoryFoo(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();
} @Resource
private JpaProperties jpaProperties; private Map<String, Object> getVendorProperties() {
return jpaProperties.getHibernateProperties(new HibernateSettings());
} /**
* 设置实体类所在位置
*/
@Primary
@Bean(name = "entityManagerFactoryFoo")
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryFoo(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return builder
.dataSource(fooDataSource)
.packages("com.cn.entity.s")
.persistenceUnit("fooPersistenceUnit")
.properties(getVendorProperties())
.build();
} @Primary
@Bean(name = "transactionManagerFoo")
public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerFoo(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryFoo(builder).getObject());
} }
package com.cn.datasource; import java.util.Map;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateSettings;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.JpaProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-04 10:54
**/ @Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(
entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactoryBar",
transactionManagerRef = "transactionManagerBar",
basePackages = {"com.cn.entity.t"})//repository的目录
public class JpaBarConfig { @Autowired
@Qualifier("barDataSource")
private DataSource barDataSource; @Bean(name = "entityManagerBar")
public EntityManager entityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return entityManagerFactoryBar(builder).getObject().createEntityManager();
} @Resource
private JpaProperties jpaProperties; private Map<String, Object> getVendorProperties() {
return jpaProperties.getHibernateProperties(new HibernateSettings());
} @Bean(name = "entityManagerFactoryBar")
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactoryBar(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return builder
.dataSource(barDataSource)
.packages("com.cn.entity.t")//实体类的目录
.persistenceUnit("barPersistenceUnit")
.properties(getVendorProperties())
.build();
} @Bean(name = "transactionManagerBar")
PlatformTransactionManager transactionManagerBar(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManagerFactoryBar(builder).getObject());
} }
3、同上创建相关的测试类进行测试（bean、repository、controller、service 注意bean、repository的目录要放在2步骤中配置的位置）：
package com.cn.entity.s; import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description: 学生实体类
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-02 10:47
**/
@Entity
public class Student { @Id
@GeneratedValue
private int id; private String name; private int age; private int grade; public Student() {
} public Student(String name, int age, int grade) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.grade = grade;
} @Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", grade=" + grade +
'}';
} public int getId() {
return id;
} public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
} public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public int getAge() {
return age;
} public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
} public int getGrade() {
return grade;
} public void setGrade(int grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
}
Student.java
package com.cn.entity.s; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-02 11:02
**/
public interface StudentDao extends JpaRepository<Student,Integer> { Student findByName(String name); }
StudentDao.java
package com.cn.entity.t; import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-04 10:38
**/ @Entity
public class Teacher { @Id
@GeneratedValue
private int id;
private String name;
private String age;
private String course; public Teacher() {
} public Teacher(String name, String age, String course) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.course = course;
} @Override
public String toString() {
return "Teacher{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", age='" + age + '\'' +
", course='" + course + '\'' +
'}';
} public int getId() {
return id;
} public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
} public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
} public String getAge() {
return age;
} public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
} public String getCourse() {
return course;
} public void setCourse(String course) {
this.course = course;
}
}
Teacher.java
package com.cn.entity.t; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; /**
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-02 11:02
**/
public interface TeacherDao extends JpaRepository<Teacher,Integer> { Teacher findByName(String name); }
TeacherDao.java
package com.cn.controller; import com.cn.entity.s.Student;
import com.cn.service.JpaService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; /*
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-02 11:15
*/ @RestController
public class JpaTestController { @Autowired
private JpaService jpaService; @RequestMapping("findByName/{name}")
public Student findByName(@PathVariable String name) {
return jpaService.findByName(name);
} }
JpaTestController.java
package com.cn.service; import com.cn.entity.s.Student; /*
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-02 11:12
*/ public interface JpaService { Student findByName(String name); }
JpaService.java
package com.cn.service; import com.cn.entity.s.StudentDao;
import com.cn.entity.s.Student;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; /*
* @program: spring-boot-example
* @description:
* @author:
* @create: 2018-05-02 11:13
*/ @Service
public class JpaServiceImpl implements JpaService { @Autowired
private StudentDao studentDao; @Override
public Student findByName(String name) {
return studentDao.findByName(name);
} }
JpaServiceImpl.java
4、测试；
示例代码：https://gitee.com/lfalex/spring-boot-example/tree/dev/spring-boot-datasource
参考官方文档：https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.4.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#howto-data-access
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