第一个Spring Boot Web程序

需要的环境和工具：

1、Eclipse
2、Java环境（JDK 1.7或以上版本）
3、Maven 3.0+（Eclipse已经内置了）

写个Hello Spring:

1、新建一个Maven项目，项目名称为 SpringTest

选择 maven-archetype-quickstart

删除项目中的 test，这个我们用不到， 刚刚建好的项目如图所示：

修改 pom.xml ，如果你是第一次玩Spring那么修改pom.xml后Eclipse会自动下载相关依赖包:

 <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

   <groupId>test.com</groupId>
   <artifactId>SpringTest</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>

   <name>SpringTest</name>
   <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

   <properties>
     <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
     <java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>

   <parent>
     <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
     <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
     <version>1.2.5.RELEASE</version>
     <relativePath/>
   </parent>

   <dependencies>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
     </dependency>
   </dependencies>

   <build>
     <plugins>
       <plugin>
         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
       </plugin>
     </plugins>
   </build>

 </project>

再修改 test.com.SpringTest 里面的 App.java

 package test.com.SpringTest;
 import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
 import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
 import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedServletContainerFactory;
 import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.tomcat.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory;
 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

 @RestController
 @EnableAutoConfiguration
 public class App
 {
     @RequestMapping("/m")
     public String springtest() {
         return "Hello spring!";
     }

     @RequestMapping("/")
     public String index() {
         return "Hello World!";
     }

     public static void main( String[] args )
     {
         System.out.println( "App start!" );
         SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
     }

 }

两个文件修改好了直接Run As - Java Application

控制台看到下面这样的内容就说明运行成功了！

打开浏览器，访问 http://localhost:8080  或者访问 http://localhost:8080/m 就能看到成果了！是不是很简单的。

    

学习总结

1、修改XML文件是为了增加springframework的依赖包

2、Spring应用上下文：　　

　　我们在App的main入口调用了 SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);  SpringApplication是Spring Boot框架中描述Spring应用的类，它的run()方法会创建一个Spring应用上下文（Application Context）。

3、路由的设置：

　　@RequestMapping注解表明该方法处理那些URL对应的HTTP请求，也就是我们常说的URL路由。在这个例子中我们定义了两个路由 “/” 和 “/m”

　　http://localhost:8080/　  　 被路由至 index()方法进行处理

　　http://localhost:8080/m　　被路由至springtest()方法进行处理

　　如果我们需要将访问的地址修改成：http://localhost:8080/Api/    http://localhost:8080/Api/m 来访问这两个方法，可以在class App上面加一个RequestMapping注释：

　　

　　

4、端口的修改

　　如果要修改默认的8080端口可以在项目根目录新建一个 application.properties 文件，文件内容为：

server.port=  

　　重新Run一下，端口就修改成了8081，

　　配置文件的详情可以看下面的附录：

 # ===================================================================
 # COMMON SPRING BOOT PROPERTIES
 #
 # This sample file is provided as a guideline. Do NOT copy it in its
 # entirety to your own application.               ^^^
 # ===================================================================

 # ----------------------------------------
 # CORE PROPERTIES
 # ----------------------------------------

 # SPRING CONFIG (ConfigFileApplicationListener)
 spring.config.name= # config file name (default to 'application')
 spring.config.location= # location of config file

 # PROFILES
 spring.profiles= # comma list of active profiles

 # APPLICATION SETTINGS (SpringApplication)
 spring.main.sources=
 spring.main.web-environment= # detect by default
 spring.main.show-banner=true
 spring.main....= # see class for all properties

 # LOGGING
 logging.path=/var/logs
 logging.file=myapp.log
 logging.config=

 # IDENTITY (ContextIdApplicationContextInitializer)
 spring.application.name=
 spring.application.index=

 # EMBEDDED SERVER CONFIGURATION (ServerProperties)
 server.port=8080
 server.address= # bind to a specific NIC
 server.session-timeout= # session timeout in seconds
 server.context-path= # the context path, defaults to '/'
 server.servlet-path= # the servlet path, defaults to '/'
 server.tomcat.access-log-pattern= # log pattern of the access log
 server.tomcat.access-log-enabled=false # is access logging enabled
 server.tomcat.protocol-header=x-forwarded-proto # ssl forward headers
 server.tomcat.remote-ip-header=x-forwarded-for
 server.tomcat.basedir=/tmp # base dir (usually not needed, defaults to tmp)
 server.tomcat.background-processor-delay=30; # in seconds
 server.tomcat.max-threads = 0 # number of threads in protocol handler
 server.tomcat.uri-encoding = UTF-8 # character encoding to use for URL decoding

 # SPRING MVC (HttpMapperProperties)
 http.mappers.json-pretty-print=false # pretty print JSON
 http.mappers.json-sort-keys=false # sort keys
 spring.mvc.locale= # set fixed locale, e.g. en_UK
 spring.mvc.date-format= # set fixed date format, e.g. dd/MM/yyyy
 spring.mvc.message-codes-resolver-format= # PREFIX_ERROR_CODE / POSTFIX_ERROR_CODE
 spring.view.prefix= # MVC view prefix
 spring.view.suffix= # ... and suffix
 spring.resources.cache-period= # cache timeouts in headers sent to browser
 spring.resources.add-mappings=true # if default mappings should be added

 # THYMELEAF (ThymeleafAutoConfiguration)
 spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/
 spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html
 spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML5
 spring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8
 spring.thymeleaf.content-type=text/html # ;charset=<encoding> is added
 spring.thymeleaf.cache=true # set to false for hot refresh

 # FREEMARKER (FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration)
 spring.freemarker.allowRequestOverride=false
 spring.freemarker.allowSessionOverride=false
 spring.freemarker.cache=true
 spring.freemarker.checkTemplateLocation=true
 spring.freemarker.contentType=text/html
 spring.freemarker.exposeRequestAttributes=false
 spring.freemarker.exposeSessionAttributes=false
 spring.freemarker.exposeSpringMacroHelpers=false
 spring.freemarker.prefix=
 spring.freemarker.requestContextAttribute=
 spring.freemarker.settings.*=
 spring.freemarker.suffix=.ftl
 spring.freemarker.templateEncoding=UTF-8
 spring.freemarker.templateLoaderPath=classpath:/templates/
 spring.freemarker.viewNames= # whitelist of view names that can be resolved

 # GROOVY TEMPLATES (GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration)
 spring.groovy.template.allowRequestOverride=false
 spring.groovy.template.allowSessionOverride=false
 spring.groovy.template.cache=true
 spring.groovy.template.configuration.*= # See Groovy's TemplateConfiguration
 spring.groovy.template.contentType=text/html
 spring.groovy.template.prefix=classpath:/templates/
 spring.groovy.template.suffix=.tpl
 spring.groovy.template.templateEncoding=UTF-8
 spring.groovy.template.viewNames= # whitelist of view names that can be resolved

 # VELOCITY TEMPLATES (VelocityAutoConfiguration)
 spring.velocity.allowRequestOverride=false
 spring.velocity.allowSessionOverride=false
 spring.velocity.cache=true
 spring.velocity.checkTemplateLocation=true
 spring.velocity.contentType=text/html
 spring.velocity.dateToolAttribute=
 spring.velocity.exposeRequestAttributes=false
 spring.velocity.exposeSessionAttributes=false
 spring.velocity.exposeSpringMacroHelpers=false
 spring.velocity.numberToolAttribute=
 spring.velocity.prefix=
 spring.velocity.properties.*=
 spring.velocity.requestContextAttribute=
 spring.velocity.resourceLoaderPath=classpath:/templates/
 spring.velocity.suffix=.vm
 spring.velocity.templateEncoding=UTF-8
 spring.velocity.viewNames= # whitelist of view names that can be resolved

 # INTERNATIONALIZATION (MessageSourceAutoConfiguration)
 spring.messages.basename=messages
 spring.messages.cacheSeconds=-1
 spring.messages.encoding=UTF-8

 # SECURITY (SecurityProperties)
 security.user.name=user # login username
 security.user.password= # login password
 security.user.role=USER # role assigned to the user
 security.require-ssl=false # advanced settings ...
 security.enable-csrf=false
 security.basic.enabled=true
 security.basic.realm=Spring
 security.basic.path= # /**
 security.headers.xss=false
 security.headers.cache=false
 security.headers.frame=false
 security.headers.contentType=false
 security.headers.hsts=all # none / domain / all
 security.sessions=stateless # always / never / if_required / stateless
 security.ignored=false

 # DATASOURCE (DataSourceAutoConfiguration & DataSourceProperties)
 spring.datasource.name= # name of the data source
 spring.datasource.initialize=true # populate using data.sql
 spring.datasource.schema= # a schema (DDL) script resource reference
 spring.datasource.data= # a data (DML) script resource reference
 spring.datasource.platform= # the platform to use in the schema resource (schema-${platform}.sql)
 spring.datasource.continueOnError=false # continue even if can't be initialized
 spring.datasource.separator=; # statement separator in SQL initialization scripts
 spring.datasource.driverClassName= # JDBC Settings...
 spring.datasource.url=
 spring.datasource.username=
 spring.datasource.password=
 spring.datasource.max-active=100 # Advanced configuration...
 spring.datasource.max-idle=8
 spring.datasource.min-idle=8
 spring.datasource.initial-size=10
 spring.datasource.validation-query=
 spring.datasource.test-on-borrow=false
 spring.datasource.test-on-return=false
 spring.datasource.test-while-idle=
 spring.datasource.time-between-eviction-runs-millis=
 spring.datasource.min-evictable-idle-time-millis=
 spring.datasource.max-wait-millis=

 # MONGODB (MongoProperties)
 spring.data.mongodb.host= # the db host
 spring.data.mongodb.port=27017 # the connection port (defaults to 27107)
 spring.data.mongodb.uri=mongodb://localhost/test # connection URL
 spring.data.mongo.repositories.enabled=true # if spring data repository support is enabled

 # JPA (JpaBaseConfiguration, HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration)
 spring.jpa.properties.*= # properties to set on the JPA connection
 spring.jpa.openInView=true
 spring.jpa.show-sql=true
 spring.jpa.database-platform=
 spring.jpa.database=
 spring.jpa.generate-ddl=false # ignored by Hibernate, might be useful for other vendors
 spring.jpa.hibernate.naming-strategy= # naming classname
 spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto= # defaults to create-drop for embedded dbs
 spring.data.jpa.repositories.enabled=true # if spring data repository support is enabled

 # SOLR (SolrProperties})
 spring.data.solr.host=http://127.0.0.1:8983/solr
 spring.data.solr.zkHost=
 spring.data.solr.repositories.enabled=true # if spring data repository support is enabled

 # ELASTICSEARCH (ElasticsearchProperties})
 spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-name= # The cluster name (defaults to elasticsearch)
 spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-nodes= # The address(es) of the server node (comma-separated; if not specified starts a client node)
 spring.data.elasticsearch.local=true # if local mode should be used with client nodes
 spring.data.elasticsearch.repositories.enabled=true # if spring data repository support is enabled

 # FLYWAY (FlywayProperties)
 flyway.locations=classpath:db/migrations # locations of migrations scripts
 flyway.schemas= # schemas to update
 flyway.initVersion= 1 # version to start migration
 flyway.prefix=V
 flyway.suffix=.sql
 flyway.enabled=true
 flyway.url= # JDBC url if you want Flyway to create its own DataSource
 flyway.user= # JDBC username if you want Flyway to create its own DataSource
 flyway.password= # JDBC password if you want Flyway to create its own DataSource

 # LIQUIBASE (LiquibaseProperties)
 liquibase.change-log=classpath:/db/changelog/db.changelog-master.yaml
 liquibase.contexts= # runtime contexts to use
 liquibase.default-schema= # default database schema to use
 liquibase.drop-first=false
 liquibase.enabled=true

 # JMX
 spring.jmx.enabled=true # Expose MBeans from Spring

 # RABBIT (RabbitProperties)
 spring.rabbitmq.host= # connection host
 spring.rabbitmq.port= # connection port
 spring.rabbitmq.addresses= # connection addresses (e.g. myhost:9999,otherhost:1111)
 spring.rabbitmq.username= # login user
 spring.rabbitmq.password= # login password
 spring.rabbitmq.virtualhost=
 spring.rabbitmq.dynamic=

 # REDIS (RedisProperties)
 spring.redis.host=localhost # server host
 spring.redis.password= # server password
 spring.redis.port=6379 # connection port
 spring.redis.pool.max-idle=8 # pool settings ...
 spring.redis.pool.min-idle=0
 spring.redis.pool.max-active=8
 spring.redis.pool.max-wait=-1

 # ACTIVEMQ (ActiveMQProperties)
 spring.activemq.broker-url=tcp://localhost:61616 # connection URL
 spring.activemq.user=
 spring.activemq.password=
 spring.activemq.in-memory=true # broker kind to create if no broker-url is specified
 spring.activemq.pooled=false

 # HornetQ (HornetQProperties)
 spring.hornetq.mode= # connection mode (native, embedded)
 spring.hornetq.host=localhost # hornetQ host (native mode)
 spring.hornetq.port=5445 # hornetQ port (native mode)
 spring.hornetq.embedded.enabled=true # if the embedded server is enabled (needs hornetq-jms-server.jar)
 spring.hornetq.embedded.serverId= # auto-generated id of the embedded server (integer)
 spring.hornetq.embedded.persistent=false # message persistence
 spring.hornetq.embedded.data-directory= # location of data content (when persistence is enabled)
 spring.hornetq.embedded.queues= # comma separate queues to create on startup
 spring.hornetq.embedded.topics= # comma separate topics to create on startup
 spring.hornetq.embedded.cluster-password= # customer password (randomly generated by default)

 # JMS (JmsProperties)
 spring.jms.pub-sub-domain= # false for queue (default), true for topic

 # SPRING BATCH (BatchDatabaseInitializer)
 spring.batch.job.names=job1,job2
 spring.batch.job.enabled=true
 spring.batch.initializer.enabled=true
 spring.batch.schema= # batch schema to load

 # AOP
 spring.aop.auto=
 spring.aop.proxy-target-class=

 # FILE ENCODING (FileEncodingApplicationListener)
 spring.mandatory-file-encoding=false

 # SPRING SOCIAL (SocialWebAutoConfiguration)
 spring.social.auto-connection-views=true # Set to true for default connection views or false if you provide your own

 # SPRING SOCIAL FACEBOOK (FacebookAutoConfiguration)
 spring.social.facebook.app-id= # your application's Facebook App ID
 spring.social.facebook.app-secret= # your application's Facebook App Secret

 # SPRING SOCIAL LINKEDIN (LinkedInAutoConfiguration)
 spring.social.linkedin.app-id= # your application's LinkedIn App ID
 spring.social.linkedin.app-secret= # your application's LinkedIn App Secret

 # SPRING SOCIAL TWITTER (TwitterAutoConfiguration)
 spring.social.twitter.app-id= # your application's Twitter App ID
 spring.social.twitter.app-secret= # your application's Twitter App Secret

 # SPRING MOBILE SITE PREFERENCE (SitePreferenceAutoConfiguration)
 spring.mobile.sitepreference.enabled=true # enabled by default

 # SPRING MOBILE DEVICE VIEWS (DeviceDelegatingViewResolverAutoConfiguration)
 spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.enabled=true # disabled by default
 spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.normalPrefix=
 spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.normalSuffix=
 spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.mobilePrefix=mobile/
 spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.mobileSuffix=
 spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.tabletPrefix=tablet/
 spring.mobile.devicedelegatingviewresolver.tabletSuffix=

 # ----------------------------------------
 # ACTUATOR PROPERTIES
 # ----------------------------------------

 # MANAGEMENT HTTP SERVER (ManagementServerProperties)
 management.port= # defaults to 'server.port'
 management.address= # bind to a specific NIC
 management.contextPath= # default to '/'

 # ENDPOINTS (AbstractEndpoint subclasses)
 endpoints.autoconfig.id=autoconfig
 endpoints.autoconfig.sensitive=true
 endpoints.autoconfig.enabled=true
 endpoints.beans.id=beans
 endpoints.beans.sensitive=true
 endpoints.beans.enabled=true
 endpoints.configprops.id=configprops
 endpoints.configprops.sensitive=true
 endpoints.configprops.enabled=true
 endpoints.configprops.keys-to-sanitize=password,secret
 endpoints.dump.id=dump
 endpoints.dump.sensitive=true
 endpoints.dump.enabled=true
 endpoints.env.id=env
 endpoints.env.sensitive=true
 endpoints.env.enabled=true
 endpoints.health.id=health
 endpoints.health.sensitive=false
 endpoints.health.enabled=true
 endpoints.info.id=info
 endpoints.info.sensitive=false
 endpoints.info.enabled=true
 endpoints.metrics.id=metrics
 endpoints.metrics.sensitive=true
 endpoints.metrics.enabled=true
 endpoints.shutdown.id=shutdown
 endpoints.shutdown.sensitive=true
 endpoints.shutdown.enabled=false
 endpoints.trace.id=trace
 endpoints.trace.sensitive=true
 endpoints.trace.enabled=true

 # MVC ONLY ENDPOINTS
 endpoints.jolokia.path=jolokia
 endpoints.jolokia.sensitive=true
 endpoints.jolokia.enabled=true # when using Jolokia
 endpoints.error.path=/error

 # JMX ENDPOINT (EndpointMBeanExportProperties)
 endpoints.jmx.enabled=true
 endpoints.jmx.domain= # the JMX domain, defaults to 'org.springboot'
 endpoints.jmx.unique-names=false
 endpoints.jmx.enabled=true
 endpoints.jmx.staticNames=

 # JOLOKIA (JolokiaProperties)
 jolokia.config.*= # See Jolokia manual

 # REMOTE SHELL
 shell.auth=simple # jaas, key, simple, spring
 shell.command-refresh-interval=-1
 shell.command-path-pattern= # classpath*:/commands/**, classpath*:/crash/commands/**
 shell.config-path-patterns= # classpath*:/crash/*
 shell.disabled-plugins=false # don't expose plugins
 shell.ssh.enabled= # ssh settings ...
 shell.ssh.keyPath=
 shell.ssh.port=
 shell.telnet.enabled= # telnet settings ...
 shell.telnet.port=
 shell.auth.jaas.domain= # authentication settings ...
 shell.auth.key.path=
 shell.auth.simple.user.name=
 shell.auth.simple.user.password=
 shell.auth.spring.roles=

 # GIT INFO
 spring.git.properties= # resource ref to generated git info properties file