TypeScript 学习的随笔

TypeScript 是 JavaScript 的一个超集，支持 ECMAScript 6 标准

安装TypeScript

npm install -g typescript

编译

tsc app.ts

  1 let message:string = 'holle world';
  2 console.log(message)
  3
  4 class Site{
  5     name():void{
  6         console.log(message)
  7     }
  8 }
  9 let obj = new Site()
 10 obj.name()
 11
 12 // let arr:number[] = [1,2,3]
 13 let arr:Array<number> = [4,5,6]
 14 console.log('数组：',arr)
 15
 16 let oarr:[number,string];
 17 oarr = [1,'a']
 18 console.log('元组：',oarr)
 19
 20 enum Color {Red,Green,Blue};
 21 let c:Color = Color.Blue
 22 console.log('枚举：',c)
 23
 24 let str = '1'
 25 let n:number = <number> <any>str;//断言 <Type>值
 26 console.log(n)
 27
 28 // 接口
 29 interface IPerson{
 30     name:string,
 31     age:number,
 32     sex:boolean,
 33     action:(name:string)=>string
 34 }
 35 let xiaoming:IPerson = {
 36     name:'小明',
 37     age:18,
 38     sex:true,
 39     action:(name):string=>{
 40         return '我的名字叫'+name
 41     }
 42 }
 43 let say:string = xiaoming.action(xiaoming.name)
 44 console.log(say)
 45
 46 // 接口和数组
 47 interface namelist{
 48     [index:number]:number
 49 }
 50 let iArr:namelist=[1,2,3];
 51 // iArr["a"] = 123 //可编译通过 运行报错
 52 console.log(iArr)
 53
 54 // 接口继承
 55 interface Musician extends IPerson{
 56     instrument:string
 57 }
 58 let xiaohong:Musician = {
 59     name:'小红',
 60     age:12,
 61     sex:false,
 62     instrument:'二胡',
 63     action:(str):string=>{
 64         return str
 65     }
 66 };
 67 let say1:string = xiaohong.action('我会拉二胡');
 68 console.log(xiaohong.name,say1)
 69
 70
 71 /*
 72 interface type
 73 相同点
 74 interface 和 type 都可以描述一个对象或者函数
 75 不同点
 76 type 可以声明基本类型别名，联合类型，元组等类型 进行赋值
 77 interface 能够声明合并
 78  */
 79 type myType = {
 80     name:string,
 81     size:number
 82 }
 83 let isType:myType = {
 84     name:'类型',
 85     size:1
 86 }
 87 console.log(isType)
 88
 89 type alerType = 'success' | 'error' | 'info'
 90 let alt:alerType;
 91     // alt = 'abc' //报错
 92     alt = 'success'
 93 console.log('type',alt)
 94
 95
 96 // 类
 97 class Person{
 98     name:string;
 99     constructor(name:string){
100         this.name = name
101     }
102     sayHi():void{
103         console.log('hi,我是'+this.name)
104     }
105 }
106 let xm = new Person('小明');
107 xm.sayHi()
108
109 // 泛型
110 interface JJ{
111     JJsize:number,
112     JJlength:number
113 }
114 interface Human{
115     name:string,
116     age:number,
117     sex:string
118 }
119 function create<T extends JJ>(what:T):T{
120     return what
121 }
122
123 let ren = create({
124     name:'小明',
125     age:18,
126     sex:'男',
127     JJsize:12,
128     JJlength:18
129 })
130 console.log(ren)
131
132 function create1<T>(c: { new ()}): T {
133     return new c()
134 }
135 let cArr = create1<Array<number>>(Array)
136 cArr[0] = 1
137 // cArr[1] = '2' //报错
138 console.log(cArr)

关于声明文件：https://www.runoob.com/typescript/ts-ambient.html

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