[转]RMAN检测数据库坏块

backup validate check logical database;

select * from v$database_block_corruption;

RMAN> backup validate check logical database;

Starting backup at -SEP-
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID= device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID= device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number= name=/u02/app/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
input datafile file number= name=/u02/app/oradata/ORCL/rlst01.dbf
input datafile file number= name=/u02/app/oradata/ORCL/mssm01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number= name=/u02/app/oradata/ORCL/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number= name=/u02/app/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number= name=/u02/app/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: ::
List of Datafiles
=================
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
    OK
  File Name: /u02/app/oradata/ORCL/sysaux01.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
  ---------- -------------- ----------------
  Data
  Index
  Other                               

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
    OK
  File Name: /u02/app/oradata/ORCL/undotbs01.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
  ---------- -------------- ----------------
  Data
  Index
  Other                               

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
    OK
  File Name: /u02/app/oradata/ORCL/users01.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
  ---------- -------------- ----------------
  Data
  Index
  Other                                 

channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: ::
List of Control File and SPFILE
===============================
File Type    Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined
------------ ------ -------------- ---------------
Control File OK
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: ::
List of Control File and SPFILE
===============================
File Type    Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined
------------ ------ -------------- ---------------
SPFILE       OK
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: ::
List of Datafiles
=================
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
    OK
  File Name: /u02/app/oradata/ORCL/system01.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
  ---------- -------------- ----------------
  Data
  Index
  Other                                

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
    OK
  File Name: /u02/app/oradata/ORCL/mssm01.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
  ---------- -------------- ----------------
  Data
  Index
  Other                                 

File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
    OK
  File Name: /u02/app/oradata/ORCL/rlst01.dbf
  Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
  ---------- -------------- ----------------
  Data
  Index
  Other                                 

Finished backup at -SEP-

利用数据字典表查询是否有坏块

SQL> desc v$database_block_corruption
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 FILE#                                              NUMBER
 BLOCK#                                             NUMBER
 BLOCKS                                             NUMBER
 CORRUPTION_CHANGE#                                 NUMBER
 CORRUPTION_TYPE                                    VARCHAR2()

SQL> select * from v$database_block_corruption;

no rows selected

如果存在坏块可使用以下脚本查询：

SELECT e.owner,
       e.segment_type,
       e.segment_name,
       e.partition_name,
       c.file#,
       greatest(e.block_id, c.block#) corr_start_block#,
       least(e.block_id + e.blocks - , c.block# + c.blocks - ) corr_end_block#,
       least(e.block_id + e.blocks - , c.block# + c.blocks - ) -
       greatest(e.block_id, c.block#) +  blocks_corrupted,
       null description
  FROM dba_extents e, v$database_block_corruption c
 WHERE e.file_id = c.file#
   AND e.block_id <= c.block# + c.blocks -
   AND e.block_id + e.blocks -  >= c.block#
UNION
SELECT s.owner,
       s.segment_type,
       s.segment_name,
       s.partition_name,
       c.file#,
       header_block corr_start_block#,
       header_block corr_end_block#,
        blocks_corrupted,
       'Segment Header' description
  FROM dba_segments s, v$database_block_corruption c
 WHERE s.header_file = c.file#
   AND s.header_block between c.block# and c.block# + c.blocks -
UNION
SELECT null owner,
       null segment_type,
       null segment_name,
       null partition_name,
       c.file#,
       greatest(f.block_id, c.block#) corr_start_block#,
       least(f.block_id + f.blocks - , c.block# + c.blocks - ) corr_end_block#,
       least(f.block_id + f.blocks - , c.block# + c.blocks - ) -
       greatest(f.block_id, c.block#) +  blocks_corrupted,
       'Free Block' description
  FROM dba_free_space f, v$database_block_corruption c
 WHERE f.file_id = c.file#
   AND f.block_id <= c.block# + c.blocks -
   AND f.block_id + f.blocks -  >= c.block#
 order by file#, corr_start_block#;

SELECT tablespace_name, segment_type, owner, segment_name
FROM dba_extents
WHERE file_id = &fileid
and &blockid between block_id AND block_id + blocks - ;

参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/macleanoracle/archive/2013/03/19/2968101.html