【转载】Unity3D研究院之IOS自定义游戏摇杆与飞机平滑的移动
移动开发游戏中使用到的触摸游戏摇杆在iPhone上是非常普遍的，毕竟是全触摸屏手机，今天MOMO 通过一个小例子和大家讨论Unity3D 中如何自定义一个漂亮的全触摸游戏摇杆。
值得高兴的是，Unity3D 游戏引擎的标准资源中已经帮助我们封装了一个游戏摇杆脚本，所以实现部分的代码可以完全借助它的，具体调用需要我们自己来。
Joystick.js是官方提供的脚本，具体代码如下，有兴趣的朋友可以仔细研究研究，MOMO就不多说啦。哇咔咔～
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//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Joystick.js
// Penelope iPhone Tutorial
//
// Joystick creates a movable joystick (via GUITexture) that
// handles touch input, taps, and phases. Dead zones can control
// where the joystick input gets picked up and can be normalized.
//
// Optionally, you can enable the touchPad property from the editor
// to treat this Joystick as a TouchPad. A TouchPad allows the finger
// to touch down at any point and it tracks the movement relatively
// without moving the graphic
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@script RequireComponent( GUITexture )
// A simple class for bounding how far the GUITexture will move
class Boundary
{
var min : Vector2 = Vector2.zero;
var max : Vector2 = Vector2.zero;
}
static private var joysticks : Joystick[]; // A static collection of all joysticks
static private var enumeratedJoysticks : boolean = false;
static private var tapTimeDelta : float = 0.3; // Time allowed between taps
var touchPad : boolean; // Is this a TouchPad?
var touchZone : Rect;
var deadZone : Vector2 = Vector2.zero; // Control when position is output
var normalize : boolean = false; // Normalize output after the dead-zone?
var position : Vector2; // [-1, 1] in x,y
var tapCount : int; // Current tap count
private var lastFingerId = -1; // Finger last used for this joystick
private var tapTimeWindow : float; // How much time there is left for a tap to occur
private var fingerDownPos : Vector2;
private var fingerDownTime : float;
private var firstDeltaTime : float = 0.5;
private var gui : GUITexture; // Joystick graphic
private var defaultRect : Rect; // Default position / extents of the joystick graphic
private var guiBoundary : Boundary = Boundary(); // Boundary for joystick graphic
private var guiTouchOffset : Vector2; // Offset to apply to touch input
private var guiCenter : Vector2; // Center of joystick
function Start()
{
// Cache this component at startup instead of looking up every frame
gui = GetComponent( GUITexture );
// Store the default rect for the gui, so we can snap back to it
defaultRect = gui.pixelInset;
defaultRect.x += transform.position.x * Screen.width;// + gui.pixelInset.x; // - Screen.width * 0.5;
defaultRect.y += transform.position.y * Screen.height;// - Screen.height * 0.5;
transform.position.x = 0.0;
transform.position.y = 0.0;
if ( touchPad )
{
// If a texture has been assigned, then use the rect ferom the gui as our touchZone
if ( gui.texture )
touchZone = defaultRect;
}
else
{
// This is an offset for touch input to match with the top left
// corner of the GUI
guiTouchOffset.x = defaultRect.width * 0.5;
guiTouchOffset.y = defaultRect.height * 0.5;
// Cache the center of the GUI, since it doesn't change
guiCenter.x = defaultRect.x + guiTouchOffset.x;
guiCenter.y = defaultRect.y + guiTouchOffset.y;
// Let's build the GUI boundary, so we can clamp joystick movement
guiBoundary.min.x = defaultRect.x - guiTouchOffset.x;
guiBoundary.max.x = defaultRect.x + guiTouchOffset.x;
guiBoundary.min.y = defaultRect.y - guiTouchOffset.y;
guiBoundary.max.y = defaultRect.y + guiTouchOffset.y;
}
}
function Disable()
{
gameObject.active = false;
enumeratedJoysticks = false;
}
function ResetJoystick()
{
// Release the finger control and set the joystick back to the default position
gui.pixelInset = defaultRect;
lastFingerId = -1;
position = Vector2.zero;
fingerDownPosition = Vector2.zero;
if ( touchPad )
gui.color.a = 0.025;
}
function IsFingerDown() : boolean
{
return (lastFingerId != -1);
}
function LatchedFinger( fingerId : int )
{
// If another joystick has latched this finger, then we must release it
if ( lastFingerId == fingerId )
ResetJoystick();
}
function Update()
{
if ( !enumeratedJoysticks )
{
// Collect all joysticks in the game, so we can relay finger latching messages
joysticks = FindObjectsOfType( Joystick );
enumeratedJoysticks = true;
}
var count = Input.touchCount;
// Adjust the tap time window while it still available
if ( tapTimeWindow > 0 )
tapTimeWindow -= Time.deltaTime;
else
tapCount = 0;
if ( count == 0 )
ResetJoystick();
else
{
for(var i : int = 0;i < count; i++)
{
var touch : Touch = Input.GetTouch(i);
var guiTouchPos : Vector2 = touch.position - guiTouchOffset;
var shouldLatchFinger = false;
if ( touchPad )
{
if ( touchZone.Contains( touch.position ) )
shouldLatchFinger = true;
}
else if ( gui.HitTest( touch.position ) )
{
shouldLatchFinger = true;
}
// Latch the finger if this is a new touch
if ( shouldLatchFinger && ( lastFingerId == -1 ¦¦ lastFingerId != touch.fingerId ) )
{
if ( touchPad )
{
gui.color.a = 0.15;
lastFingerId = touch.fingerId;
fingerDownPos = touch.position;
fingerDownTime = Time.time;
}
lastFingerId = touch.fingerId;
// Accumulate taps if it is within the time window
if ( tapTimeWindow > 0 )
tapCount++;
else
{
tapCount = 1;
tapTimeWindow = tapTimeDelta;
}
// Tell other joysticks we've latched this finger
for ( var j : Joystick in joysticks )
{
if ( j != this )
j.LatchedFinger( touch.fingerId );
}
}
if ( lastFingerId == touch.fingerId )
{
// Override the tap count with what the iPhone SDK reports if it is greater
// This is a workaround, since the iPhone SDK does not currently track taps
// for multiple touches
if ( touch.tapCount > tapCount )
tapCount = touch.tapCount;
if ( touchPad )
{
// For a touchpad, let's just set the position directly based on distance from initial touchdown
position.x = Mathf.Clamp( ( touch.position.x - fingerDownPos.x ) / ( touchZone.width / 2 ), -1, 1 );
position.y = Mathf.Clamp( ( touch.position.y - fingerDownPos.y ) / ( touchZone.height / 2 ), -1, 1 );
}
else
{
// Change the location of the joystick graphic to match where the touch is
gui.pixelInset.x = Mathf.Clamp( guiTouchPos.x, guiBoundary.min.x, guiBoundary.max.x );
gui.pixelInset.y = Mathf.Clamp( guiTouchPos.y, guiBoundary.min.y, guiBoundary.max.y );
}
if ( touch.phase == TouchPhase.Ended ¦¦ touch.phase == TouchPhase.Canceled )
ResetJoystick();
}
}
}
if ( !touchPad )
{
// Get a value between -1 and 1 based on the joystick graphic location
position.x = ( gui.pixelInset.x + guiTouchOffset.x - guiCenter.x ) / guiTouchOffset.x;
position.y = ( gui.pixelInset.y + guiTouchOffset.y - guiCenter.y ) / guiTouchOffset.y;
}
// Adjust for dead zone
var absoluteX = Mathf.Abs( position.x );
var absoluteY = Mathf.Abs( position.y );
if ( absoluteX < deadZone.x )
{
// Report the joystick as being at the center if it is within the dead zone
position.x = 0;
}
else if ( normalize )
{
// Rescale the output after taking the dead zone into account
position.x = Mathf.Sign( position.x ) * ( absoluteX - deadZone.x ) / ( 1 - deadZone.x );
}
if ( absoluteY < deadZone.y )
{
// Report the joystick as being at the center if it is within the dead zone
position.y = 0;
}
else if ( normalize )
{
// Rescale the output after taking the dead zone into account
position.y = Mathf.Sign( position.y ) * ( absoluteY - deadZone.y ) / ( 1 - deadZone.y );
}
}
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单击Create 创建一个GUI Texture，命名为Joy ，它用来显示游戏摇杆，如下图所示将摇杆的图片资源，与摇杆的脚本连线赋值给Joy. Pixel Inset 中可以设置摇杆的显示位置与显示宽高。
到这一步 build and run 就可以在iPhone上看到这个游戏摇杆，并且可以通过触摸它，360度平滑过度。
在屏幕中绘制一个飞机，通过游戏摇杆去控制飞机的移动。
创建一个脚本，命名为Main.js 如下图所示 将 Main.js 、joy、plan 分别 绑定在Main Camera 上。
moveJoystick.position.x;
moveJoystick.position.y;
这两个值是非常重要的两个信息，它们的取值范围是 -1 到 +1 ，表示 用户触摸摇杆的位置， 上 下 左 右 的信息。
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//游戏摇杆对象
var moveJoystick : Joystick;
//飞机的贴图
var plan : Texture;
//飞机在屏幕中的坐标
var x = 0;
var y = 0;
//避免飞机飞出屏幕，分别是X、Y最大坐标，最小坐标是0、0
var cross_x = 0;
var cross_y = 0;
//飞机移动的速度
var planSpeed = 20;
function Start() {
//初始化赋值
x = 100;
y = 100;
cross_x = Screen.width - plan.width;
cross_y = Screen.height - plan.height;
}
function Update () {
//得到游戏摇杆的反馈信息，得到的值是 -1 到 +1 之间
var touchKey_x = moveJoystick.position.x;
var touchKey_y = moveJoystick.position.y;
//摇杆向左
if(touchKey_x == -1){
x -= planSpeed;
}
//摇杆向右
else if(touchKey_x == 1){
x += planSpeed;
}
//摇杆向上
if(touchKey_y == -1){
y += planSpeed;
}
//摇杆向下
else if(touchKey_y == 1){
y -= planSpeed;
}
//防止飞机飞出屏幕，出界检测
if(x < 0){
x = 0;
}else if(x > cross_x){
x = cross_x;
}
if(y < 0){
y = 0;
}else if(y > cross_y){
y = cross_y;
}
}
function OnGUI () {
//将飞机绘制在屏幕中
GUI.DrawTexture(Rect(x,y,128,128),plan);
}
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导出 build and run 看看在iPhone 上的效果，通过触摸游戏摇杆可以控制飞机的移动啦，不错吧，哇咔咔～～
最后欢迎各位盆友可以和MOMO一起讨论Unity3D游戏开发，最近感冒的盆友越来越多，大家要多多注意身体健康噢。哇咔咔～～～ 附上Unity3D工程的下载地址，Xcode项目我就不上传了，须要的自己导出。
下载地址：http://vdisk.weibo.com/s/abtVb
- 本文固定链接: http://www.xuanyusong.com/archives/526
- 转载请注明: 雨松MOMO 2012年05月01日 于 雨松MOMO程序研究院 发表
Joystick.js的C#版：
[RequireComponent(typeof(GUITexture))]
public class MyStick : MonoBehaviour
{
class Boundary
{
public Vector2 min = Vector2.zero;
public Vector2 max = Vector2.zero;
}
private static MyStick[] joysticks; // A static collection of all joysticks
private static bool enumeratedJoysticks = false;
private static float tapTimeDelta = 0.3f; // Time allowed between taps
public bool touchPad;
public Vector2 position = Vector2.zero;
public Rect touchZone;
public Vector2 deadZone = Vector2.zero; // Control when position is output
public bool normalize = false; // Normalize output after the dead-zone?
public int tapCount;
; // Finger last used for this joystick
private float tapTimeWindow; // How much time there is left for a tap to occur
private Vector2 fingerDownPos;
//private float fingerDownTime;
//private float firstDeltaTime = 0.5f;
private GUITexture gui;
private Rect defaultRect; // Default position / extents of the joystick graphic
private Boundary guiBoundary = new Boundary(); // Boundary for joystick graphic
private Vector2 guiTouchOffset; // Offset to apply to touch input
private Vector2 guiCenter; // Center of joystick
void Start()
{
gui = (GUITexture)GetComponent(typeof(GUITexture));
defaultRect = gui.pixelInset;
defaultRect.x += transform.position.x * Screen.width;// + gui.pixelInset.x; // - Screen.width * 0.5;
defaultRect.y += transform.position.y * Screen.height;// - Screen.height * 0.5;
transform.position = Vector3.zero;
if (touchPad)
{
// If a texture has been assigned, then use the rect ferom the gui as our touchZone
if (gui.texture)
touchZone = defaultRect;
}
else
{
guiTouchOffset.x = defaultRect.width * 0.5f;
guiTouchOffset.y = defaultRect.height * 0.5f;
// Cache the center of the GUI, since it doesn't change
guiCenter.x = defaultRect.x + guiTouchOffset.x;
guiCenter.y = defaultRect.y + guiTouchOffset.y;
// Let's build the GUI boundary, so we can clamp joystick movement
guiBoundary.min.x = defaultRect.x - guiTouchOffset.x;
guiBoundary.max.x = defaultRect.x + guiTouchOffset.x;
guiBoundary.min.y = defaultRect.y - guiTouchOffset.y;
guiBoundary.max.y = defaultRect.y + guiTouchOffset.y;
}
}
public Vector2 getGUICenter()
{
return guiCenter;
}
void Disable()
{
gameObject.SetActive(false);
//enumeratedJoysticks = false;
}
private void ResetJoystick()
{
gui.pixelInset = defaultRect;
lastFingerId = -;
position = Vector2.zero;
fingerDownPos = Vector2.zero;
}
private bool IsFingerDown()
{
);
}
public void LatchedFinger(int fingerId)
{
// If another joystick has latched this finger, then we must release it
if (lastFingerId == fingerId)
ResetJoystick();
}
void Update()
{
if (!enumeratedJoysticks)
{
// Collect all joysticks in the game, so we can relay finger latching messages
joysticks = (MyStick[])FindObjectsOfType(typeof(MyStick));
enumeratedJoysticks = true;
}
int count = Input.touchCount;
)
tapTimeWindow -= Time.deltaTime;
else
tapCount = ;
)
ResetJoystick();
else
{
; i < count; i++)
{
Touch touch = Input.GetTouch(i);
Vector2 guiTouchPos = touch.position - guiTouchOffset;
bool shouldLatchFinger = false;
if (touchPad)
{
if (touchZone.Contains(touch.position))
shouldLatchFinger = true;
}
else if (gui.HitTest(touch.position))
{
shouldLatchFinger = true;
}
// Latch the finger if this is a new touch
|| lastFingerId != touch.fingerId))
{
if (touchPad)
{
//gui.color.a = 0.15;
lastFingerId = touch.fingerId;
//fingerDownPos = touch.position;
//fingerDownTime = Time.time;
}
lastFingerId = touch.fingerId;
// Accumulate taps if it is within the time window
)
tapCount++;
else
{
tapCount = ;
tapTimeWindow = tapTimeDelta;
}
// Tell other joysticks we've latched this finger
//for ( j : Joystick in joysticks )
foreach (MyStick j in joysticks)
{
if (j != this)
j.LatchedFinger(touch.fingerId);
}
}
if (lastFingerId == touch.fingerId)
{
// Override the tap count with what the iPhone SDK reports if it is greater
// This is a workaround, since the iPhone SDK does not currently track taps
// for multiple touches
if (touch.tapCount > tapCount)
tapCount = touch.tapCount;
if (touchPad)
{
// For a touchpad, let's just set the position directly based on distance from initial touchdown
position.x = Mathf.Clamp((touch.position.x - fingerDownPos.x) / (touchZone.width / ), -, );
position.y = Mathf.Clamp((touch.position.y - fingerDownPos.y) / (touchZone.height / ), -, );
}
else
{
// Change the location of the joystick graphic to match where the touch is
Rect r = gui.pixelInset;
r.x = Mathf.Clamp(guiTouchPos.x, guiBoundary.min.x, guiBoundary.max.x);
r.y = Mathf.Clamp(guiTouchPos.y, guiBoundary.min.y, guiBoundary.max.y);
gui.pixelInset = r;
}
if (touch.phase == TouchPhase.Ended || touch.phase == TouchPhase.Canceled)
ResetJoystick();
}
}
}
if (!touchPad)
{
// Get a value between -1 and 1 based on the joystick graphic location
position.x = (gui.pixelInset.x + guiTouchOffset.x - guiCenter.x) / guiTouchOffset.x;
position.y = (gui.pixelInset.y + guiTouchOffset.y - guiCenter.y) / guiTouchOffset.y;
}
// Adjust for dead zone
var absoluteX = Mathf.Abs(position.x);
var absoluteY = Mathf.Abs(position.y);
if (absoluteX < deadZone.x)
{
// Report the joystick as being at the center if it is within the dead zone
position.x = ;
}
else if (normalize)
{
// Rescale the output after taking the dead zone into account
position.x = Mathf.Sign(position.x) * (absoluteX - deadZone.x) / ( - deadZone.x);
}
if (absoluteY < deadZone.y)
{
// Report the joystick as being at the center if it is within the dead zone
position.y = ;
}
else if (normalize)
{
// Rescale the output after taking the dead zone into account
position.y = Mathf.Sign(position.y) * (absoluteY - deadZone.y) / ( - deadZone.y);
}
}
}
C#版
Main.js的C#版：
public class MyPlane : MonoBehaviour
{
//游戏摇杆对象
public MyStick moveJoystick;
//飞机的贴图
public Texture plan;
//飞机在屏幕中的坐标
;
;
//避免飞机飞出屏幕，分别是X、Y最大坐标，最小坐标是0、0
;
;
//飞机移动的速度
;
void Start()
{
//初始化赋值
x = ;
y = ;
}
void Update()
{
cross_x = Screen.width - plan.width;
cross_y = Screen.height - plan.height;
//得到游戏摇杆的反馈信息，得到的值是 -1 到 +1 之间
var touchKey_x = moveJoystick.position.x;
var touchKey_y = moveJoystick.position.y;
//摇杆向左
)
{
x -= planSpeed;
}
//摇杆向右
)
{
x += planSpeed;
}
//摇杆向上
)
{
y += planSpeed;
}
//摇杆向下
)
{
y -= planSpeed;
}
//防止飞机飞出屏幕，出界检测
)
{
x = ;
}
else if (x > cross_x)
{
x = cross_x;
}
)
{
y = ;
}
else if (y > cross_y)
{
y = cross_y;
}
}
void OnGUI()
{
//将飞机绘制在屏幕中
GUI.DrawTexture(, ), plan);
}
}
C#版
摇杆背景图的代码（设置与摇杆在同一个位置）：
[RequireComponent(typeof(GUITexture))]
public class myStickBg : MonoBehaviour
{
void Start()
{
// * 前提：编辑状态下bg摇杆的背景图片的position必须要和摇杆的position一样，z可以不一样，不然背景图bg容易跑偏
//获取滑动的图片
GUITexture gui = (GUITexture)GetComponent(typeof(GUITexture));
//获取滑动图片的位置和大小
Rect defaultRect = gui.pixelInset;
//设置滑动图片的x坐标
defaultRect.x += transform.position.x * Screen.width;// + gui.pixelInset.x; // - Screen.width * 0.5;
//设置滑动图片的y坐标
defaultRect.y += transform.position.y * Screen.height;// - Screen.height * 0.5;
//设置图片的位置
transform.position = , , -1f);
//重新设置值
gui.pixelInset = defaultRect;
}
}
myStickBg
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