You want to perform the combo on your opponent in one popular fighting game. The combo is the string ss consisting of nn lowercase Latin letters. To perform the combo, you have to press all buttons in the order they appear in ss . I.e. if s=s= "abca" then you have to press 'a', then 'b', 'c' and 'a' again.

You know that you will spend mm wrong tries to perform the combo and during the ii -th try you will make a mistake right after pipi -th button (1≤pi<n1≤pi<n ) (i.e. you will press first pipi buttons right and start performing the combo from the beginning). It is guaranteed that during the m+1m+1 -th try you press all buttons right and finally perform the combo.

I.e. if s=s= "abca", m=2m=2 and p=[1,3]p=[1,3] then the sequence of pressed buttons will be 'a' (here you're making a mistake and start performing the combo from the beginning), 'a', 'b', 'c', (here you're making a mistake and start performing the combo from the beginning), 'a' (note that at this point you will not perform the combo because of the mistake), 'b', 'c', 'a'.

Your task is to calculate for each button (letter) the number of times you'll press it.

You have to answer tt independent test cases.

Input

The first line of the input contains one integer tt (1≤t≤1041≤t≤104 ) — the number of test cases.

Then tt test cases follow.

The first line of each test case contains two integers nn and mm (2≤n≤2⋅1052≤n≤2⋅105 , 1≤m≤2⋅1051≤m≤2⋅105 ) — the length of ss and the number of tries correspondingly.

The second line of each test case contains the string ss consisting of nn lowercase Latin letters.

The third line of each test case contains mm integers p1,p2,…,pmp1,p2,…,pm (1≤pi<n1≤pi<n ) — the number of characters pressed right during the ii -th try.

It is guaranteed that the sum of nn and the sum of mm both does not exceed 2⋅1052⋅105 (∑n≤2⋅105∑n≤2⋅105 , ∑m≤2⋅105∑m≤2⋅105 ).

It is guaranteed that the answer for each letter does not exceed 2⋅1092⋅109 .

Output

For each test case, print the answer — 2626 integers: the number of times you press the button 'a', the number of times you press the button 'b', …… , the number of times you press the button 'z'.

Example
Input

 
3
4 2
abca
1 3
10 5
codeforces
2 8 3 2 9
26 10
qwertyuioplkjhgfdsazxcvbnm
20 10 1 2 3 5 10 5 9 4
Output

 
4 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 9 4 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 1 1 2 9 2 2 2 5 2 2 2 1 1 5 4 11 8 2 7 5 1 10 1 5 2
大意就是给定一个字符串和一个序列p,第i次遍历字符串走到pi的位置就回到开头重新走,最后一次走完,问每个字母各出现了多少次。看数据范围直接暴力肯定不行。我一开始想的是从头往后对于每个位置求26个字母出现次数的前缀和,但这样会在第五个点T。看博客学习到了一个巧妙的解法,首先读入p数组的时候用一个和字符串等长的数组记录返回的位置,vis[p[i]]++,之后从后往前遍历。用一个变量cnt记录当前字母访问过的“次数”。
凡是遇到有标记的地方,直接cnt+=vis[i]。因为是从前往后遍历的,所以直接加上没有问题。然后是统计字幕出现次数的数组b[s[i]-'a']+=cnt;说明有多少趟经过这个字母了,直接统计到总的出现次数里即可。

Codeforces Round #624 (Div. 3) C. Perform the Combo(前缀和)的更多相关文章

  1. Codeforces Round #624 (Div. 3)(题解)

    Codeforces Round #624 (Div.3) 题目地址:https://codeforces.ml/contest/1311 B题:WeirdSort 题意:给出含有n个元素的数组a,和 ...

  2. Codeforces Round #297 (Div. 2)B. Pasha and String 前缀和

    Codeforces Round #297 (Div. 2)B. Pasha and String Time Limit: 2 Sec  Memory Limit: 256 MBSubmit: xxx ...

  3. Codeforces Round #624 (Div. 3)(题解)

    A. Add Odd or Subtract Even 思路: 相同直接为0,如果两数相差为偶数就为2,奇数就为1 #include<iostream> #include<algor ...

  4. Codeforces Round #624 (Div. 3) F. Moving Points 题解

    第一次写博客 ,请多指教! 翻了翻前面的题解发现都是用树状数组来做,这里更新一个 线段树+离散化的做法: 其实这道题是没有必要用线段树的,树状数组就能够解决.但是个人感觉把线段树用熟了会比树状数组更有 ...

  5. Codeforces Round #624 (Div. 3) D. Three Integers

    You are given three integers a≤b≤ca≤b≤c . In one move, you can add +1+1 or −1−1 to any of these inte ...

  6. Codeforces Round #624 (Div. 3) A. Add Odd or Subtract Even(水题)

    You are given two positive integers aa and bb . In one move, you can change aa in the following way: ...

  7. 详细讲解Codeforces Round #624 (Div. 3) E. Construct the Binary Tree(构造二叉树)

    题意:给定节点数n和所有节点的深度总和d,问能否构造出这样的二叉树.能,则输出“YES”,并且输出n-1个节点的父节点(节点1为根节点). 题解:n个节点构成的二叉树中,完全(满)二叉树的深度总和最小 ...

  8. 详细讲解Codeforces Round #624 (Div. 3) F. Moving Points

    题意:给定n个点的初始坐标x和速度v(保证n个点的初始坐标互不相同), d(i,j)是第i个和第j个点之间任意某个时刻的最小距离,求出n个点中任意一对点的d(i,j)的总和. 题解:可以理解,两个点中 ...

  9. Codeforces Round #624 (Div. 3)

    A.题意:通过加奇数减偶数的操作从a到b最少需要几步 签到题 #include <algorithm> #include <iostream> #include <cst ...

随机推荐

  1. python xlrd 模块(获取Excel表中数据)

    python xlrd 模块(获取Excel表中数据) 一.安装xlrd模块   到python官网下载http://pypi.python.org/pypi/xlrd模块安装,前提是已经安装了pyt ...

  2. Quartz.NET 2.x教程

    第1课:使用Quartz第2课:工作和触发器第3课:关于工作和JobDetails的更多信息第4课:有关触发器的更多信息第5课:SimpleTriggers第6课:CronTriggers第7课:Tr ...

  3. [国家集训队] Crash的数字表格 - 莫比乌斯反演,整除分块

    考虑到\(lcm(i,j)=\frac{ij}{gcd(i,j)}\) \(\sum_{i=1}^n\sum_{j=1}^m\frac{ij}{gcd(i,j)}\) \(\sum_{d=1}^{n} ...

  4. 改变容器Size后,刷新地图大小。

    You need to call the API to update map size. http://dev.openlayers.org/docs/files/OpenLayers/Map-js. ...

  5. 根据ID选中

    var name = document.getElementsById("mainStack");

  6. 番外:可刷新PDB的管理操作(如何切换PDB Switching Over)

    基于版本:19c (12.2.0.3) AskScuti 主题:可刷新PDB如何进行切换操作 内容说明:本篇延续如何克隆可刷新的PDB(Refreshable PDB)一文,进行切换实验. 具体请参考 ...

  7. WDatePicker使用 出现ReferenceError: disabledDates is not defined

    "ReferenceError: disabledDates is not defined at eval (eval at <anonymous> at HTMLInputEl ...

  8. zabbix4.2配置监控nginx服务

    1.监控原理 通过status模块监控(--with-http_stub_status_module)  2.修改nginx配置(/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf) 在被监 ...

  9. EF CodeFirst数据注解特性详解

    数据注解特性是.NET特性,可以在EF或者EF Core中,应用于实体类上或者属性上,以重写默认的约定规则. 在EF 6和EF Core中,数据注解特性包含在System.ComponentModel ...

  10. RGBA alpha 透明度混合算法

    RGBA alpha 透明度混合算法 .分类: 图像处理 Ps技术 2011-05-25 09:11 1112人阅读 评论(0) 收藏 举报 Alpha 透明度混合算法,网上收集整理,分成以下三种: ...