问题一：使用AndroidDriver而非原来的AppiumDriver的原因

AppiumDriver升级到2.0.0版本引发的问题--Cannot instantiate the type AppiumDriver

1. 问题描述和起因
在使用Appium1.7.0及其以下版本的时候，我们可以直接使用如下代码来创建一个AppiumDriver实例进行对安卓设备的操作。

driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities);
但在把Appium包升级到当前最新的2.0.0版本的时候，这段代码会引发如下的一问题

当前的pom.xml相关设置如下:记得把1.7.0改成2.0.0或者是将来更高级版本

<dependency>
<groupId>io.appium</groupId>
<artifactId>java-client</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
<del><version>1.7.0</version></del>
</dependency>
2.问题分析
究其原因，发现Appium2.0.0把AppiumDriver这个类改成了抽象函数，所以到导致了这个问题
public <span style="color:#ff0000;">abstract </span>class AppiumDriver extends RemoteWebDriver implements MobileDriver,
ContextAware, Rotatable, FindsByAccessibilityId, LocationContext,
DeviceActionShortcuts, TouchShortcuts, InteractsWithFiles,
InteractsWithApps, ScrollsTo {

private final static ErrorHandler errorHandler = new ErrorHandler(
new ErrorCodesMobile(), true);
private URL remoteAddress;
private RemoteLocationContext locationContext;
private ExecuteMethod executeMethod;

// frequently used command parameters
protected final String KEY_CODE = "keycode";
protected final String PATH = "path";
private final String SETTINGS = "settings";
根据2.0.0的Changelog的第一点：
Changelog

2.0.0

<ul><li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">AppiumDriver is now an abstract class, use IOSDriver and AndroidDriver which both extend it. You no longer need to include the PLATFORM_NAME desired capability since it's automatic for each class. Thanks to @TikhomirovSergey for all their work</span></li></ul><span style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="white-space:pre"> </span><span style="color:#3366ff;">AppiumDriver现在变成了一个抽象类，请使用从它继承下来的IOSDriver和AndroidDriver。你不再需要加上PLATFORM_NAME这个capability，因为代码会根据你使用的是IOSDriver或者AndroidDriver来确定究竟是哪个平台。</span>
</span><ul><li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ScrollTo() and ScrollToExact() methods reimplemented</span></li><li><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Zoom() and Pinch() are now a little smarter and less likely to fail if you element is near the edge of the screen. Congratulate @BJap on their first PR!</span></li></ul>

3.问题解决
根据问题分析，把代码修改如下，使用AndroidDriver而非原来的AppiumDriver。
public class NoetPadTest {
/**
* Create the test case
*
* @param testName name of the test case
*/
private <span style="color:#ff0000;">AndroidDriver </span>driver;

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
// set up appium
File classpathRoot = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir"));
File appDir = new File(classpathRoot, "apps");
File app = new File(appDir, "NotePad.apk");
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = new DesiredCapabilities();
capabilities.setCapability("deviceName","Android");
//capabilities.setCapability("platformVersion", "4.2");
capabilities.setCapability("platformName", "Android");
//capabilities.setCapability("app", app.getAbsolutePath());
capabilities.setCapability("appPackage", "com.example.android.notepad");
capabilities.setCapability("appActivity", "com.example.android.notepad.NotesList");
//capabilities.setCapability("appActivity", ".NotesList");
driver = new <span style="color:#ff0000;">AndroidDriver</span>(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), capabilities);
}

@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
driver.quit();
}

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原文：https://blog.csdn.net/zhubaitian/article/details/39717889