Python本地化例子 - gettext 模块

关键字：Python 3.4，gettext，本地化，Localization

OS：Windows 7，Mac

1. 创建一个locsample.py文件，文件内容如下，把所有需要本地化的字符串放到_()里面。

# Python Localization Sample
import os, gettext

# Support localization
_ = None
def getUserLanguage():
    return "zh-CN"

# Get loc string by language
def getLocStrings():
    currentDir = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
    return gettext.translation('resource', currentDir, [getUserLanguage(), "en-US"]).gettext 

_ = getLocStrings()
print(_("Hello"))

注意: 注意‘resource’是资源文件的名字，例如:'resource.mo'。getUserLanguage() 返回需要显示的语言，"en-US"作为备份，如果找不到对应语言的资源文件，就使用"en-US"。

 

2.pygettext.py在python安装目录下 \Tools\i18n 文件夹里面。 使用pygettext.py从py文件中提取所有被标记成需要本地化的字符串，也就是在_()里面的字符串。 例如:
运行“python pygettext.py -o resource.pot locsample.py”生成resource.pot。

 

3. 把resource.pot改名为resource.po，为每种语言拷贝一份resource.po，zh-CN的resource.mo内容修改如下：

# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) YEAR ORGANIZATION
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-08-04 12:47+China Standard Time\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Generated-By: pygettext.py 1.5\n"

#:
msgid "Hello"
msgstr "你好"

en-US的resource.mo内容如下：

# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) YEAR ORGANIZATION
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2015-08-04 12:47+China Standard Time\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Generated-By: pygettext.py 1.5\n"

#:
msgid "Hello"
msgstr "Hello"

4. 为各种语言创建gettext可读的.mo文件，使用msgfmt.py, 例如: 

运行"python msgfmt.py -o resource.mo resource.po"生成resource.mo。mo文件是一个二进制文件。

 

5.把所有文件按照以下文件夹结构放置。

6. 运行locsample.py，输出：

你好

 

代码：

 

参考：https://docs.python.org/3/library/gettext.html