Android运行时权限

Android 6.0加入了运行时权限这一概念。对于危险权限，应用必须在使用的时候进行申请。可以使用命令行查看危险权限：adb shell pm list permissions -d -g

CALENDAR	日历	android.permission.READ_CALENDAR
CALENDAR	日历	android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR
CAMERA	相机	android.permission.CAMERA
CONTACTS	通讯录	android.permission.READ_CONTACTS
		android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS
		android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS
LOCATION	位置信息	android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION
LOCATION	位置信息	android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION
MICROPHONE	麦克风	android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO
PHONE	电话	android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE
		android.permission.CALL_PHONE
		android.permission.USE_SIP
		com.android.voicemail.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL
		android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
		android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
		android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
SENSORS	身体传感器	android.permission.BODY_SENSORS
SMS	短信	android.permission.READ_SMS
		android.permission.SEND_SMS
		android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS
		android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS
		android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
STORAGE	存储空间	android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
STORAGE	存储空间	android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

在Android P即9.0之后将原来属于Phone中的一些权限归到CALL_LOG组，如下：

CALL_LOG	通话记录	android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG
		android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG
		android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS

Normal
0

7.8 磅
0
2

false
false
false

EN-US
ZH-CN
X-NONE

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其实我们无需关系某一个权限属于哪个Group，可以通过调用系统方法获取指定权限对应的Group名称，如下：

  public static List<String> transformText(Context context, List<String> permissions) {

        List<String> textList = new ArrayList<>();

        PackageManager pm=context.getPackageManager();

        for (String permission : permissions) {

            String message="";

            try {

                PermissionInfo permissionInfo = pm.getPermissionInfo(permission, 0);

                PermissionGroupInfo groupInfo=pm.getPermissionGroupInfo(permissionInfo.group,0);

                if(groupInfo!=null){

                    message=groupInfo.loadLabel(pm).toString();

                }

            } catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

            if (!textList.contains(message)) {

                textList.add(message);

            }

        }

        return textList;

    }

注意点

1.申请权限时，在Fragment中就调用Fragment对应的requestPermissions方法，而不是调用Fragment对应的Activity对应的requestPermissions方法

2.检查程序是否获得某一个权限，如果targetSdkVersion<23,使用PermissionChecker.checkSelfPermission方法，如果targetSdkVersion>=23,使用ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission方法