Hadoop 2.x完全分布式安装

前期规划

192.168.100.231 db01

192.168.100.232 db02

192.168.100.233 db03

一、安装java

[root@master ~]# vim /etc/profile

在末尾添加环境变量：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_67-cloudera

export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:$CLASSPATH

检查java是否安装成功：

[root@master ~]# java -version

二、创建hadoop用户用于安装软件

groupadd hadoop

useradd -g hadoop hadoop

echo "dbking588" | passwd --stdin hadoop

配置环境变量：

export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/cdh-5.3.6/hadoop-2.5.0

export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$PATH:$HOME/bin

三、安装hadoop

# cd /opt/software

# tar -zxvf hadoop-2.5.0.tar.gz -C /opt/cdh-5.3.6/

# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /opt/cdh-5.3.6/hadoop-2.5.0

四、配置SSH

--配置方法：

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa

$ ssh-copy-id db07.chavin.king

（ssh-copy-id方式只能用于rsa加密秘钥配置，测试对于dsa加密配置无效）

--验证：

[hadoop@db01 ~]$ ssh db02 date

Wed Apr 19 09:57:34 CST 2017

五、编辑hadoop配置文件

需要配置的文件包括：

HDFS配置文件：

etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

etc/haoop/slaves

YARN配置文件：

etc/hadoop/yarn-env.sh

etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

etc/haoop/slaves

MapReduce配置文件：

etc/hadoop/mapred-env.sh

etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

配置文件内容如下：

[hadoop@db01 hadoop-2.5.0]$ cat etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!--

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.

-->

<name>fs.defaultFS</name>

</property>

<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>

<value>/opt/cdh-5.3.6/hadoop-2.5.0/data/tmp</value>

</property>

<name>fs.trash.interval</name>

</property>

</configuration>

[hadoop@db01 hadoop-2.5.0]$ cat etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!--

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.

-->

<name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>

</property>

</configuration>

[hadoop@db01 hadoop-2.5.0]$ cat etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!--

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.

-->

<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>

<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>

</property>

<name>yarn.log-aggregation-enable</name>

</property>

<name>yarn.log-aggregation.retain-seconds</name>

</property>

</configuration>

[hadoop@db01 hadoop-2.5.0]$ cat etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>

<!--

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");

you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

You may obtain a copy of the License at

http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software

distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,

WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.

See the License for the specific language governing permissions and

limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.

-->

<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>

</property>

<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>

</property>

<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>

</property>

</configuration>

[hadoop@db01 hadoop-2.5.0]$ cat etc/hadoop/slaves

db01

db02

db03

在以下文件中修改Java环境变量：

etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

etc/hadoop/yarn-env.sh

etc/hadoop/mapred-env.sh

创建数据目录：

/opt/cdh-5.3.6/hadoop-2.5.0/data/tmp

六、格式化HDFS

[hadoop@db01 hadoop-2.5.0]$ hdfs namenode -format

七、启动hadoop

*启动方式1：各个服务器逐一启动（比较常用，可编写shell脚本）
        hdfs：
            sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start|stop namenode
            sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start|stop datanode
            sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start|stop secondarynamenode
        yarn:
            sbin/yarn-daemon.sh start|stop resourcemanager
               sbin/yarn-daemon.sh start|stop nodemanager
        mapreduce:
            sbin/mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start|stop historyserver
    *启动方式2：各个模块分开启动:需要配置ssh对等性，需要在namenode上运行
        hdfs:
            sbin/start-dfs.sh
            sbin/start-yarn.sh
        yarn:
            sbin/stop-dfs.sh
            sbin/stop-yarn.sh
    *启动方式3：全部启动:不建议使用，这个命令需要在namenode上运行，但是会同时叫secondaryname节点也启动到namenode节点
            sbin/start-all.sh
            sbin/stop-all.sh

八、测试集群

[hadoop@db01 logs]$ cd ~/hadoop-2.5.2/share/hadoop/mapreduce/

[hadoop@db02 mapreduce]$ hadoop jar hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.5.2.jar pi 10 10