在Centos7上将Apache(httpd)切换为Nginx的过程记录

原文转载自「刘悦的技术博客」https://v3u.cn/a_id_129

近期要上线几个基于tornado+motor的移动端接口服务，众所周知，Apache和tornado天生八字不合，尤其apache对python3尤为的不友好，tornado和nginx才是木石前盟，另外由于apache目前系统占用确实比较高，不光进程数多，httpd竟然占用了200多M，太庞大，决定换为较轻量级，高并发的nginx。

如上图所示：系统也就2g ,除了mysql占用的100M, httpd 占了1/2 还多

首先由于apache和nginx默认都是监听80端口，所以首先要停止apache服务（为了保险起见，只是停止服务，不要卸载）

systemctl  stop httpd

第二步，安装nginx

#设置源
sudo rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm

#安装
yum install -y nginx

#启动服务
systemctl start nginx.service

#开机自启
systemctl enable nginx.service

由于机器上还有一些php服务，而nginx需要php-fpm的支持才能代理php，所以安装php-fpm

yum install php-fpm

yum install php-mysql php-gd libjpeg* php-imap php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-bcmath php-mhash libmcrypt

开启php服务
systemctl start php-fpm

开机启动php服务
systemctl enable php-fpm

然后将原来apache的服务配置翻译成nginx的，二者大同小异，值得一提的是，关于https服务，nginx配置要简单很多

apache配置：

<VirtualHost _default_:443>

#   General setup for the virtual host
DocumentRoot "/opt/v3u"
ServerName v3u.cn:443
ServerAdmin you@example.com
ErrorLog "/opt/lampp/logs/error_log"
TransferLog "/opt/lampp/logs/access_log"

#   SSL Engine Switch:
#   Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host.
SSLEngine on

SSLCertificateFile "证书目录"
SSLCertificateKeyFile "证书目录"
SSLCertificateChainFile "证书目录"

<FilesMatch ".(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$">
    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</FilesMatch>
<Directory "/opt/lampp/cgi-bin">
    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</Directory>

BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-5]"
         nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown
         downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0

CustomLog "/opt/lampp/logs/ssl_request_log"
          "%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x "%r" %b"

</VirtualHost>

翻译为ngixn的配置:

server {
        listen 443 ssl;
        server_name v3u.cn;
        root /opt/v3u;
location / {
            index  index.html index.htm index.php;
        rewrite ^/sitemap.xml$ /Index_sitemap last;
	rewrite ^/resume$ /Index_resume last;
	rewrite ^/search_(.+?)$ /Index_search_text_$1 last;
	rewrite ^/a_id_(.+?)$ /Index_a_id_$1 last;
	rewrite ^/ls_id_(.+?)$ /Index_ls_id_$1 last;
	rewrite ^/l_id_(.+?)$ /Index_l_id_$1 last;

         if (!-e $request_filename) {
   rewrite  ^(.*)$  /index.php?s=$1  last;
   break;
    }

        }

        ssl_certificate   证书目录;
        ssl_certificate_key  证书目录;

        location ~ .php(.*)$ {
                fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index  index.php;
                fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
                fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $1;
                include fastcgi_params;
        }
}

修改好配置文件，重启nginx

systemctl restart nginx.service

最后别忘了将apache的开机自启关闭

systemctl disable httpd

ok，到此从apache迁移到nginx就配置结束了，总体上没啥难度

由图上可知，应用了nginx之后，系统感觉清爽了很多，内存也节约了大约300多m，系统告别臃肿，轻装上阵。

原文转载自「刘悦的技术博客」 https://v3u.cn/a_id_129