《Python数据可视化之matplotlib实践》 源码 第三篇 演练 第九章

图  9.1

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(111)

font={"family":"monospace", "color":"maroon", "weight":"bold", "size":6}

x=np.linspace(0.0, 2*np.pi, 500)
y=np.cos(x)*np.sin(x)

ax.plot(x, y, color="k", ls="-", lw=2)

ax.set_title("keyword mode is 'fontdict=font'", fontdict=font)
ax.text(1.5, 0.4, "cos(x)*sin(x)", fontdict=font)

ax.set_xlabel("time (h)", **font)
ax.set_ylabel(r"$\Delta$height (cm)", **font)

ax.set_xlim(0, 2*np.pi)

plt.show()

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图  9.2

 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(111)

font={"family":"serif", "color":"navy", "weight":"black", "size":16}

x=np.linspace(0.0, 2*np.pi, 500)
y=np.cos(2*x)*np.sin(2*x)

ax.plot(x, y, color="k", ls="-", lw=2)

ax.set_title("keyword mode is '**font'", **font)
ax.text(1.5, 0.52, "cos(2*x)*sin(2*x)", **font)

ax.set_xlabel("time (h)", **font)
ax.set_ylabel(r"$\Delta$height (cm)", **font)

ax.set_xlim(0, 2*np.pi)

plt.show()

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图  9.3

 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

font=dict(family="serif", color="navy", weight="black", size=16)
color="skyblue"
linewidth=3

fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(111)

linestyleList=["-", "--", "-.", ":"]

x=np.arange(1, 11, 1)
y=np.linspace(1, 1, 10)

ax.text(4, 4.0, "line styles", **font)

for i, ls in enumerate(linestyleList):
    ax.text(0, i+0.5, "'{}'".format(ls), **font)
    ax.plot(x, (i+0.5)*y, linestyle=ls, color=color, linewidth=linewidth)

ax.set_xlim(-1, 11)
ax.set_ylim(0, 4.5)

ax.margins(0.2)
ax.set_xticks([])
ax.set_yticks([])

plt.show()

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图  9.4

 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

font_style=dict(family="serif", color="navy", weight="black", size=12)
line_marker_style=dict(linestyle=":", linewidth=2, color="maroon", markersize=10)

fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(111)

msNameList=["'.'--point marker", "','--piexel marker", "'o'--circle marker",
            "'v'--triangle_down_marker", "'^'--triangle_up marker",
            "'<'--triangle_left marker", "'>'--triangle_right marker",
            "'1'--tri_down marker", "'2'--tri_up marker", "'3'--tri_left marker",
            "'4'--tri_right marker", "'s'--square marker", "'p'--pentagon marker",
            "'*'--star marker", "'h'--hexagon1 marker", "'H'--hexagon2 marker",
            "'+'--plus marker", "'x'--x marker", "'D'--diamond marker", "'d'--thin_diamond marker",
            "'|'--vline markder", "'_'--hline marker"]

markerstyleList=['.', ',', 'o', 'v', '^', '<', '>', '1', '2', '3', '4', 's', 'p', '*', 'h', 'H',
                 '+', 'x', 'D', 'd', '|', '_']

x=np.arange(5, 11, 1)
y=np.linspace(1, 1, 6)

ax.text(4, 23, "marker styles", **font_style)

for i, ms in enumerate(markerstyleList):
    ax.text(0, i+0.5, msNameList[i], **font_style)
    ax.plot(x, (i+0.5)*y, marker=ms, **line_marker_style)

ax.set_xlim(-1, 11)
ax.set_ylim(0, 24)

ax.margins(0.3)
ax.set_xticks([])
ax.set_yticks([])

plt.show()

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图  9.5

 

import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

mpl.rcParams["font.sans-serif"]=["SimHei"]
mpl.rcParams["axes.unicode_minus"]=False

x=np.arange(1, 13, 1)
y=np.array([12, 34, 22, 30, 18, 13, 15, 19, 24, 28, 23, 27])

fig, ax = plt.subplots(2, 2)

ax[0, 0].scatter(x, y*1.5, marker=r"$\clubsuit$", c="#fb8072", s=500)
ax[0, 0].locator_params(axis="x", tight=True, nbins=11)
ax[0, 0].set_xlim(0, 13)
ax[0, 0].set_xticks(x)
ax[0, 0].set_title('显示样式 “%s” 的散点图' % r"$\clubsuit$")

ax[0, 1].scatter(x, y-2, marker=r"$\heartsuit$", s=500)
ax[0, 1].locator_params(axis="x", tight=True, nbins=11)
ax[0, 1].set_xlim(0, 13)
ax[0, 1].set_xticks(x)
ax[0, 1].set_title('显示样式 “%s” 的散点图' % r"$\heartsuit$")

ax[1, 0].scatter(x, y+7, marker=r"$\diamondsuit$", c="#fb8072", s=500)
ax[1, 0].locator_params(axis="x", tight=True, nbins=11)
ax[1, 0].set_xlim(0, 13)
ax[1, 0].set_xticks(x)
ax[1, 0].set_title('显示样式 “%s” 的散点图' % r"$\diamondsuit$")

ax[1, 1].scatter(x, y-9, marker=r"$\spadesuit$", c="#8dd3c7", s=500)
ax[1, 1].locator_params(axis="x", tight=True, nbins=11)
ax[1, 1].set_xlim(0, 13)
ax[1, 1].set_xticks(x)
ax[1, 1].set_title('显示样式 “%s” 的散点图' % r"$\spadesuit$")

plt.suptitle("不同原始字符串作为标记类型的展示效果", fontsize=16, weight="black")

plt.show()

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图  9.6

 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

font_style=dict(family="serif", weight="black", size=12)

line_marker_style1=dict(linestyle="--", linewidth=2, color="maroon", markersize=10)
line_marker_style2=dict(linestyle="--", linewidth=2, color="cornflowerblue", markersize=10)
line_marker_style3=dict(linestyle="--", linewidth=2, color="turquoise", markersize=10)

fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(111, facecolor="honeydew")

x=np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 500)
y=np.sin(x)*np.cos(x)

ax.plot(x, y, dashes=[10, 2], label="dashes=[10, 2]", **line_marker_style1)
ax.plot(x, y+0.2, dashes=[3, 1], label="dashes=[3, 1]", **line_marker_style2)
ax.plot(x, y+0.4, dashes=[2, 2, 8, 2], label="dashes=[2, 2, 8, 2]", **line_marker_style3)

ax.axis([0, 2*np.pi, -0.7, 1.2])

ax.legend(ncol=3, bbox_to_anchor=(0.00, 0.95, 1.0, 0.05), mode="expand",
          fancybox=True, shadow=True, prop=font_style)

plt.show()

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图  9.7

 

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

font_style=dict(family="sans-serif", color="saddlebrown", weight="semibold", size=16)

line_marker_style=dict(linestyle=":", linewidth=2, color="cornflowerblue",
                        markerfacecoloralt="lightgrey", marker="o", markersize=10)

fig=plt.figure()
ax=fig.add_subplot(111)

fillstyleList=["full", "left", "right", "bottom", "top", "none"]

x=np.arange(3, 11, 1)
y=np.linspace(1, 1, 8)

ax.text(4, 6.5, "fill styles", **font_style)

for i, fs in enumerate(fillstyleList):
    ax.text(0, i+0.4, "'{}'".format(fs), **font_style)
    ax.plot(x, (i+0.5)*y, fillstyle=fs, **line_marker_style)

ax.set_xlim(-1, 11)
ax.set_ylim(0, 7)

ax.margins(0, 3)
ax.set_xticks([])
ax.set_yticks([])

plt.show()

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