kerberos系列之kerberos安装

最近搞了一下kerberos，准备写一个系列，介绍kerberos的安装，和常用组件kerberos配置，今天进入第一篇：kerberOS安装

具体kerberos是什么东西，大家可以百度查一下，这里就不做介绍，直接上干货！

这里kerberos有个大坑，大家一定要注意

1、主机名不能有大写

2、主机名不能有下划线

具体还是否有其他限制，我还不清楚，这个是我踩的坑，所以大家配置kerberos尽量把主机名搞的正常的一些，不要特殊

大数据安全系列的其它文章

https://www.cnblogs.com/bainianminguo/p/12548076.html-----------安装kerberos

https://www.cnblogs.com/bainianminguo/p/12548334.html-----------hadoop的kerberos认证

https://www.cnblogs.com/bainianminguo/p/12548175.html-----------zookeeper的kerberos认证

https://www.cnblogs.com/bainianminguo/p/12584732.html-----------hive的kerberos认证

https://www.cnblogs.com/bainianminguo/p/12584880.html-----------es的search-guard认证

https://www.cnblogs.com/bainianminguo/p/12639821.html-----------flink的kerberos认证

https://www.cnblogs.com/bainianminguo/p/12639887.html-----------spark的kerberos认证

1、通过yum的方式安装kerberos

yum install krb5-workstation krb5-libs krb5-auth-dialog krb5-server

　　

2、执行完命令后，会生成kerberos配置文件，krb5.conf和kdc.conf

[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# ll krb5.conf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 641 Sep 13 12:40 krb5.conf
[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# pwd
/etc

　　

[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# ll /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kdc.conf
-rw-------. 1 root root 451 Sep 13 12:40 /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kdc.conf

　　

3、修改kdc.conf配置文件

[kdcdefaults]
 kdc_ports = 88
 kdc_tcp_ports = 88

[realms]
 HADOOP.COM = {
  #master_key_type = aes256-cts
  acl_file = /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.acl
  dict_file = /usr/share/dict/words
  admin_keytab = /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/kadm5.keytab
  supported_enctypes = aes128-cts:normal des3-hmac-sha1:normal arcfour-hmac:normal camellia256-cts:normal camellia128-cts:normal des-hmac-sha1:normal des-cbc-md5:normal des-cbc-crc:normal
  max_life = 1d
  max_renewable_life = 7d
 }

　　

注：aes256-cts:normal这个算法需要额外的jar包支持，可以干掉

4、修改krb5.conf配置文件

[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# cat krb5.conf
# Configuration snippets may be placed in this directory as well
includedir /etc/krb5.conf.d/

[logging]
 default = FILE:/var/log/krb5libs.log
 kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc.log
 admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmind.log

[libdefaults]
 dns_lookup_realm = false
 ticket_lifetime = 24h
 renew_lifetime = 7d
 forwardable = true
 rdns = false
 pkinit_anchors = /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
 default_realm = HADOOP.COM
 udp_preference_limit = 1
#default_ccache_name = KEYRING:persistent:%{uid}   

[realms]
 HADOOP.COM = {
  kdc = cluster2-host1
  admin_server = cluster2-host1
 }

[domain_realm]  指定域名和域的映射关系
# .example.com = EXAMPLE.COM
# example.com = EXAMPLE.COM

　　

5、配置kerberos的数据库，这里我设置的密码都是123456

[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# !671
kdb5_util create -s -r HADOOP.COM
Loading random data
Initializing database '/var/kerberos/krb5kdc/principal' for realm 'HADOOP.COM',
master key name 'K/M@HADOOP.COM'
You will be prompted for the database Master Password.
It is important that you NOT FORGET this password.
Enter KDC database master key:
Re-enter KDC database master key to verify:

　

检查生成的数据库文件

[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# ll /var/kerberos/krb5kdc/
total 24
-rw-------. 1 root root   22 Sep 13 12:40 kadm5.acl
-rw-------. 1 root root  474 Mar  3 03:18 kdc.conf
-rw-------. 1 root root 8192 Mar  3 03:18 principal
-rw-------. 1 root root 8192 Mar  3 03:18 principal.kadm5
-rw-------. 1 root root    0 Mar  3 03:18 principal.kadm5.lock
-rw-------. 1 root root    0 Mar  3 03:18 principal.ok

　　

添加database administrator并设置密码为admin

[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# /usr/sbin/kadmin.local -q "addprinc admin/admin"
Authenticating as principal root/admin@HADOOP.COM with password.
WARNING: no policy specified for admin/admin@HADOOP.COM; defaulting to no policy
Enter password for principal "admin/admin@HADOOP.COM":
Re-enter password for principal "admin/admin@HADOOP.COM":
Principal "admin/admin@HADOOP.COM" created.

　　

6、设置krb5kdc/kadmin 开机自启动

[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# service krb5kdc start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start  krb5kdc.service
[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# service kadmin start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start  kadmin.service
[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# chkconfig krb5kdc on
Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable krb5kdc.service'.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/krb5kdc.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/krb5kdc.service.
[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# chkconfig kadmin on
Note: Forwarding request to 'systemctl enable kadmin.service'.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kadmin.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kadmin.service.

　　

　

7、创建主体，密码设置为123456

[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal root/admin@HADOOP.COM with password.
kadmin.local:
kadmin.local:
kadmin.local:
kadmin.local:
kadmin.local:  list_principals
K/M@HADOOP.COM
admin/admin@HADOOP.COM
kadmin/admin@HADOOP.COM
kadmin/changepw@HADOOP.COM
kadmin/cluster2-host1@HADOOP.COM
kiprop/cluster2-host1@HADOOP.COM
krbtgt/HADOOP.COM@HADOOP.COM
kadmin.local:  add_principal test/test@HADOOP.COM
WARNING: no policy specified for test/test@HADOOP.COM; defaulting to no policy
Enter password for principal "test/test@HADOOP.COM":
Re-enter password for principal "test/test@HADOOP.COM":
Principal "test/test@HADOOP.COM" created.
kadmin.local:  list_principals
K/M@HADOOP.COM
admin/admin@HADOOP.COM
kadmin/admin@HADOOP.COM
kadmin/changepw@HADOOP.COM
kadmin/cluster2-host1@HADOOP.COM
kiprop/cluster2-host1@HADOOP.COM
krbtgt/HADOOP.COM@HADOOP.COM
test/test@HADOOP.COM

　　

8、另外两个节点配置kerberos的client

[root@cluster2-host3 bin]# yum install krb5-workstation krb5-libs krb5-auth-dialog -y

　　

设置配置/etc/krb5.conf配置和server端保持一致

[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# scp /etc/krb5.conf root@cluster2-host2:/etc/krb5.conf
krb5.conf                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   100%  651     0.6KB/s   00:00
[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# scp /etc/krb5.conf root@cluster2-host3:/etc/krb5.conf
krb5.conf

　　

9、使用用户名和密码的方式验证kerberos配置在客户端通过用户名和密码认证

[root@cluster2-host2 bin]# klist test/test
klist: No credentials cache found (filename: test/test)
[root@cluster2-host2 bin]# kinit test/test
Password for test/test@HADOOP.COM:
[root@cluster2-host2 bin]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: test/test@HADOOP.COM

Valid starting       Expires              Service principal
03/03/2020 03:33:58  03/04/2020 03:33:58  krbtgt/HADOOP.COM@HADOOP.COM
	renew until 03/10/2020 04:33:58
[root@cluster2-host2 bin]# kdestroy
[root@cluster2-host2 bin]# klist
klist: No credentials cache found (filename: /tmp/krb5cc_0)

　　

10、密钥的方式认证

在server端生成秘钥，并拷贝到client

[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# kadmin.local -q "xst -k /root/test.keytab test/test@HADOOP.COM"
Authenticating as principal root/admin@HADOOP.COM with password.
Entry for principal test/test@HADOOP.COM with kvno 2, encryption type aes128-cts-hmac-sha1-96 added to keytab WRFILE:/root/test.keytab.
Entry for principal test/test@HADOOP.COM with kvno 2, encryption type des3-cbc-sha1 added to keytab WRFILE:/root/test.keytab.
Entry for principal test/test@HADOOP.COM with kvno 2, encryption type arcfour-hmac added to keytab WRFILE:/root/test.keytab.
Entry for principal test/test@HADOOP.COM with kvno 2, encryption type camellia256-cts-cmac added to keytab WRFILE:/root/test.keytab.
Entry for principal test/test@HADOOP.COM with kvno 2, encryption type camellia128-cts-cmac added to keytab WRFILE:/root/test.keytab.
Entry for principal test/test@HADOOP.COM with kvno 2, encryption type des-hmac-sha1 added to keytab WRFILE:/root/test.keytab.
Entry for principal test/test@HADOOP.COM with kvno 2, encryption type des-cbc-md5 added to keytab WRFILE:/root/test.keytab.
[root@cluster2-host1 etc]# scp /root/test.keytab root@cluster2-host2:/root/

　　

在client通过秘钥登录

[root@cluster2-host2 bin]# kinit -kt /root/test.keytab test/test
[root@cluster2-host2 bin]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: test/test@HADOOP.COM

Valid starting       Expires              Service principal
03/03/2020 03:38:00  03/04/2020 03:38:00  krbtgt/HADOOP.COM@HADOOP.COM
	renew until 03/10/2020 04:38:00

　　

这里要注意：

通过秘钥登录后，就不能通过用户名和密码登录了

至此，kerberos安装和配置完成