SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ 通俗易懂超详细【内含案例】

SpringBoot结合RabbitMq

SpringBoot 框架部署

HelloWorld 简单模式

Topic 通配符模式

一、SpringBoot 框架部署

1.创建Maven工程(我用的IDEA)

File[文件] -> New[新建] -> Project[工程] -> Maven[选择Maven] -> Next[直接下一步] -> Name[输入项目名称] —> Finish[完成]

2.在项目里创建两个子工程

Producer 消息生产者

项目名称位置右键 -> New[新建] -> Module[组件] -> Maven[选择Maven] -> Next[下一步] -> Name[输入Producer] —> Finish[完成]

Consumer 消息消费者

项目名称位置右键 -> New[新建] -> Module[组件] -> Maven[选择Maven] -> Next[下一步] -> Name[输入Consumer] —> Finish[完成]

3.在主项目工程的pom文件里填写依赖(注意是主项目两个子项目会继承父项目的依赖)

<!--Spring Boot依赖-->

<parent>

    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

    <version>2.2.8.RELEASE</version>

</parent>

<dependencies>

    <!--spring-boot-starter-amqp依赖 [重要]-->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>

        <version>2.2.8.RELEASE</version>

    </dependency>

    <!--下面三个依赖是为了方便控制台输出Log [一般]-->

    <!--junit:junit 单元测试框架 用了都说好-->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>junit</groupId>

        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>

        <version>4.13</version>

    </dependency>

    <!--org.projectlombok:lombok 整合注解-->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>

        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>

        <version>1.18.12</version>

    </dependency>

    <!--ch.qos.logback:logback-classic 日志框架-->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>

        <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>

        <version>1.2.3</version>

    </dependency>

    <!--spring-boot-starter-test SpringBootTest-->

    <dependency>

        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

        <version>2.2.8.RELEASE</version>

    </dependency>

</dependencies>

4.分别在两个子项目中创建application.yml文件

注意.yml文件需下载 YAML 插件

resource文件夹右键 -> New[新建] -> File[文件] -> Name[输入application.yml] —> Finish[完成]

spring:

  rabbitmq:

    host: localhost

    port: 5672

    virtual-host: /

    username: username 改成你自己的账号

    password: password 改成你自己的密码

server:

  port: 服务器端口号 两个子工程不能一致

5.Producer生产者创建启动类

Java文件夹右键 -> New[新建] -> Java Class[类文件] -> Name[com.rabbit.producer.ProviderRabbitApplication.java] —> Finish[完成]

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**

 * 生产者启动类

 */

@SpringBootApplication

public class ProviderRabbitApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(ProviderRabbitApplication.class,args);

    }

}

6.Consumer生产者创建启动类

Java文件夹右键 -> New[新建] -> Java Class[类文件] -> Name[com.rabbit.consumer.ConsumerRabbitMqApplication.java] —> Finish[完成]

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**

 * 消费者启动类

 */

@SpringBootApplication

public class ConsumerRabbitMqApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerRabbitMqApplication.class,args);

    }

}

二、HelloWorld 简单模式

1.创建RabbitMqConfig.java文件绑定交换机和队列

Java文件夹右键 -> New[新建] -> Java Class[类文件] -> Name[com.rabbit.producer.config.RabbitMqConfig.java] —> Finish[完成]

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**

 * RabbitMq 配置类

 */

@Configuration

public class RabbitMqConfig {

    public static final String SIMPLE_EXCHANGE_NAME = "simple_exchange";

    public static final String SIMPLE_QUEUE_NAME = "simple_queue";

    /**

     * 创建 交换机

     * @return

     */

    @Bean

    public Exchange simpleExchange(){

        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(SIMPLE_EXCHANGE_NAME).build();

    }

    /**

     * 创建 队列

     * @return

     */

    @Bean

    public Queue simpleQueue(){

        return QueueBuilder.durable(SIMPLE_QUEUE_NAME).build();

    }

    /**

     * 绑定 交换机与队列

     * @param exchange

     * @param queue

     * @return

     */

    @Bean

    public Binding itemQueueExchange(@Qualifier("simpleExchange") Exchange exchange, @Qualifier("simplQueue") Queue queue){

        return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("").noargs();

    }

}

2.创建ConsumerListener.java监听消息文件

Java文件夹右键 -> New[新建] -> Java Class[类文件] -> Name[com.rabbit.cosnumer.listener.ConsumerListener.java] —> Finish[完成]



import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Component

@Slf4j

public class ConsumerListener {

    /**

     * 监听某个队列的消息

     * @param message 接收到的消息

     */

    @RabbitListener(queuesToDeclare = "simple_queue")

    public void myListener(String message){

        //不用在手动转UTF-8 Spring自动转好了

        log.debug("消费者接收到的消息为：{}", message);

    }

}

3.创建ProducerTest.java测试文件

test->java文件夹右键 -> New[新建] -> Java Class[类文件] -> Name[com.rabbit.producer.test.ProducerTest.java] —> Finish[完成]

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

import com.itheima.rabbitmq.config.RabbitMQConfig;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)

@SpringBootTest

@Slf4j

public class RabbitMQTest {

    @Resource

    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test

    public void sendTest(){

        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConfig.TOPIC_EXCHANGE_NAME,"","测试 SpringBoot整合RabbitMq的普通模式");

    }

}

4.测试

首先运行一次ProducerTest.java测试类创建交换机和队列

然后在启动消费者监听器

三、Topic 通配符模式