Unity3d之将terrain转化成mesh

Unity3d中，terrain还是比较耗的，为了优化性能，可能需要将terrain转化成mesh。

现提供一工具，思路是根据terrain高度图生成mesh等。

可参考： http://wiki.unity3d.com/index.php?title=TerrainObjExporter

转载请注明出处：

http://www.cnblogs.com/jietian331/p/5831062.html

代码如下：

 using UnityEditor;
 using UnityEngine;
 
 public class TerrainToMeshConverter : ScriptableObject
 {
     [MenuItem("Custom/Convert terrain to mesh")]
     static void Init()
     {
         if (Selection.objects.Length <= )
         {
             Debug.Log("Selection.objects.Length <= 0");
             return;
         }
 
         var terrainObj = Selection.objects[] as GameObject;
         if (terrainObj == null)
         {
             Debug.Log("terrainObj == null");
             return;
         }
 
         var terrain = terrainObj.GetComponent<Terrain>();
         if (terrain == null)
         {
             Debug.Log("terrain == null");
             return;
         }
 
         var terrainData = terrain.terrainData;
         if (terrainData == null)
         {
             Debug.Log("terrainData == null");
             return;
         }
 
         int vertexCountScale = ;       // [dev] 将顶点数稀释 vertexCountScale*vertexCountScale 倍
         int w = terrainData.heightmapWidth;
         int h = terrainData.heightmapHeight;
         Vector3 size = terrainData.size;
         float[, ,] alphaMapData = terrainData.GetAlphamaps(, , terrainData.alphamapWidth, terrainData.alphamapHeight);
         Vector3 meshScale = new Vector3(size.x / (w - 1f) * vertexCountScale, , size.z / (h - 1f) * vertexCountScale);
         Vector2 uvScale = new Vector2(1f / (w - 1f), 1f / (h - 1f)) * vertexCountScale * (size.x / terrainData.splatPrototypes[].tileSize.x);     // [dev] 此处有问题，若每个图片大小不一，则出问题。日后改善
 
         w = (w - ) / vertexCountScale + ;
         h = (h - ) / vertexCountScale + ;
         Vector3[] vertices = new Vector3[w * h];
         Vector2[] uvs = new Vector2[w * h];
         Vector4[] alphasWeight = new Vector4[w * h];            // [dev] 只支持4张图片
 
         // 顶点，uv，每个顶点每个图片所占比重
         for (int i = ; i < w; i++)
         {
             for (int j = ; j < h; j++)
             {
                 int index = j * w + i;
                 float z = terrainData.GetHeight(i * vertexCountScale, j * vertexCountScale);
                 vertices[index] = Vector3.Scale(new Vector3(i, z, j), meshScale);
                 uvs[index] = Vector2.Scale(new Vector2(i, j), uvScale);
 
                 // alpha map
                 int i2 = (int)(i * terrainData.alphamapWidth / (w - 1f));
                 int j2 = (int)(j * terrainData.alphamapHeight / (h - 1f));
                 i2 = Mathf.Min(terrainData.alphamapWidth - , i2);
                 j2 = Mathf.Min(terrainData.alphamapHeight - , j2);
                 var alpha0 = alphaMapData[j2, i2, ];
                 var alpha1 = alphaMapData[j2, i2, ];
                 var alpha2 = alphaMapData[j2, i2, ];
                 var alpha3 = alphaMapData[j2, i2, ];
                 alphasWeight[index] = new Vector4(alpha0, alpha1, alpha2, alpha3);
             }
         }
 
         /*
          * 三角形
          *     b       c
          *      *******
          *      *   * *
          *      * *   *
          *      *******
          *     a       d
          */
         int[] triangles = new int[(w - ) * (h - ) * ];
         int triangleIndex = ;
         for (int i = ; i < w - ; i++)
         {
             for (int j = ; j < h - ; j++)
             {
                 int a = j * w + i;
                 int b = (j + ) * w + i;
                 int c = (j + ) * w + i + ;
                 int d = j * w + i + ;
 
                 triangles[triangleIndex++] = a;
                 triangles[triangleIndex++] = b;
                 triangles[triangleIndex++] = c;
 
                 triangles[triangleIndex++] = a;
                 triangles[triangleIndex++] = c;
                 triangles[triangleIndex++] = d;
             }
         }
 
         Mesh mesh = new Mesh();
         mesh.vertices = vertices;
         mesh.uv = uvs;
         mesh.triangles = triangles;
         mesh.tangents = alphasWeight;       // 将地形纹理的比重写入到切线中
 
         string transName = "[dev]MeshFromTerrainData";
         var t = terrainObj.transform.parent.Find(transName);
         if (t == null)
         {
             GameObject go = new GameObject(transName, typeof(MeshFilter), typeof(MeshRenderer), typeof(MeshCollider));
             t = go.transform;
         }
 
         // 地形渲染
         MeshRenderer mr = t.GetComponent<MeshRenderer>();
         Material mat = mr.sharedMaterial;
         if (!mat)
             mat = new Material(Shader.Find("Custom/Environment/TerrainSimple"));
 
         for (int i = ; i < terrainData.splatPrototypes.Length; i++)
         {
             var sp = terrainData.splatPrototypes[i];
             mat.SetTexture("_Texture" + i, sp.texture);
         }
 
         t.parent = terrainObj.transform.parent;
         t.position = terrainObj.transform.position;
         t.gameObject.layer = terrainObj.layer;
         t.GetComponent<MeshFilter>().sharedMesh = mesh;
         t.GetComponent<MeshCollider>().sharedMesh = mesh;
         mr.sharedMaterial = mat;
 
         t.gameObject.SetActive(true);
         terrainObj.SetActive(false);
 
         Debug.Log("Convert terrain to mesh finished!");
     }
 }

TerrainToMeshConverter

渲染地形的shader如下（不支持光照）：

 Shader "Custom/Environment/TerrainSimple"
 {
     Properties
     {
         _Texture0 ("Texture 1", 2D) = "white" {}
         _Texture1 ("Texture 2", 2D) = "white" {}
         _Texture2 ("Texture 3", 2D) = "white" {}
         _Texture3 ("Texture 4", 2D) = "white" {}
     }
 
     SubShader
     {
         Tags { "RenderType" = "Opaque" }
         LOD 
 
         Pass
         {
             CGPROGRAM
             #pragma vertex vert
             #pragma fragment frag
 
             sampler2D _Texture0;
             sampler2D _Texture1;
             sampler2D _Texture2;
             sampler2D _Texture3;
 
             struct appdata
             {
                 float4 vertex : POSITION;
                 float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
                 float4 tangent : TANGENT;
             };
 
             struct v2f
             {
                 float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
                 float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
                 float4 weight : TEXCOORD1;
             };
 
             v2f vert(appdata v)
             {
                 v2f o;
                 o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
                 o.weight = v.tangent;
                 o.uv = v.uv;
                 return o;
             }
 
             fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_TARGET
             {
                 fixed4 t0 = tex2D(_Texture0, i.uv);
                 fixed4 t1 = tex2D(_Texture1, i.uv);
                 fixed4 t2 = tex2D(_Texture2, i.uv);
                 fixed4 t3 = tex2D(_Texture3, i.uv);
                 fixed4 tex = t0 * i.weight.x + t1 * i.weight.y + t2 * i.weight.z + t3 * i.weight.w;
                 return tex;
             }
 
             ENDCG
         }
     }
 
     Fallback "Diffuse"
 }

Custom/Environment/TerrainSimple

生成的mesh与原terrain对比如下，左边为mesh，右边为terrain:

另提供一支持光照的地形shader：

 // Upgrade NOTE: replaced 'mul(UNITY_MATRIX_MVP,*)' with 'UnityObjectToClipPos(*)'
 
 Shader "Custom/Environment/LightedTerrain"
 {
     Properties
     {
         _Texture0 ("Texture 1", 2D) = "white" {}
         _Texture1 ("Texture 2", 2D) = "white" {}
         _Texture2 ("Texture 3", 2D) = "white" {}
         _Texture3 ("Texture 4", 2D) = "white" {}
     }
 
     SubShader
     {
         Tags { "RenderType" = "Opaque" }
         LOD 
 
         Pass
         {
             Tags
             {
                 "LightMode" = "ForwardBase"
             }
 
             CGPROGRAM
             #pragma vertex vert
             #pragma fragment frag
             #pragma multi_compile_fwdbase
             #pragma multi_compile_fog
 
             #include "UnityCG.cginc"
             #include "Lighting.cginc"
             #include "AutoLight.cginc"
 
             sampler2D _Texture0;
             sampler2D _Texture1;
             sampler2D _Texture2;
             sampler2D _Texture3;
 
             struct appdata
             {
                 float4 vertex : POSITION;
                 float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
                 float4 tangent : TANGENT;
                 float3 normal : NORMAL;
             };
 
             struct v2f
             {
                 float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
                 float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
                 float4 weight : TEXCOORD1;
                 float3 worldPos : TEXCOORD2;
                 float3 worldNormal : TEXCOORD3;
                 SHADOW_COORDS()
                 UNITY_FOG_COORDS()
             };
 
             v2f vert(appdata v)
             {
                 v2f o;
                 o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
                 o.weight = v.tangent;
                 o.uv = v.uv;
                 o.worldPos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex);
                 o.worldNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(v.normal);
                 TRANSFER_SHADOW(o);
                 UNITY_TRANSFER_FOG(o, o.pos);
                 return o;
             }
 
             fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_TARGET
             {
                 fixed4 t0 = tex2D(_Texture0, i.uv);
                 fixed4 t1 = tex2D(_Texture1, i.uv);
                 fixed4 t2 = tex2D(_Texture2, i.uv);
                 fixed4 t3 = tex2D(_Texture3, i.uv);
                 fixed4 tex = t0 * i.weight.x + t1 * i.weight.y + t2 * i.weight.z + t3 * i.weight.w;
 
                 fixed3 albedo = tex.rgb;
 
                 fixed3 ambient = albedo * UNITY_LIGHTMODEL_AMBIENT.rgb;
 
                 float3 worldLight = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceLightDir(i.worldPos));
                 float halfLambert = dot(worldLight, i.worldNormal) * 0.5 + 0.5;
                 fixed3 diffuse = albedo * _LightColor0.rgb * halfLambert;
 
                 float3 worldView = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceViewDir(i.worldPos));
                 float3 halfDir = normalize(worldView + worldLight);
                 fixed3 specular = albedo * _LightColor0.rgb * max(dot(halfDir, i.worldNormal), );
 
                 UNITY_LIGHT_ATTENUATION(atten, i, i.worldPos);
                 fixed4 col = fixed4(ambient + (diffuse + specular) * atten, tex.a);
                 UNITY_APPLY_FOG(i.fogCoord, col);
 
                 return col;
             }
 
             ENDCG
         }
 
         Pass
         {
             Tags
             {
                 "LightMode" = "ForwardAdd"
             }
             Blend One One
 
             CGPROGRAM
             #pragma vertex vert
             #pragma fragment frag
             #pragma multi_compile_fwdadd
 
             #include "UnityCG.cginc"
             #include "Lighting.cginc"
             #include "AutoLight.cginc"
 
             sampler2D _Texture0;
             sampler2D _Texture1;
             sampler2D _Texture2;
             sampler2D _Texture3;
 
             struct appdata
             {
                 float4 vertex : POSITION;
                 float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
                 float4 tangent : TANGENT;
                 float3 normal : NORMAL;
             };
 
             struct v2f
             {
                 float4 pos : SV_POSITION;
                 float2 uv : TEXCOORD0;
                 float4 weight : TEXCOORD1;
                 float3 worldPos : TEXCOORD2;
                 float3 worldNormal : TEXCOORD3;
                 SHADOW_COORDS()
             };
 
             v2f vert(appdata v)
             {
                 v2f o;
                 o.pos = UnityObjectToClipPos(v.vertex);
                 o.weight = v.tangent;
                 o.uv = v.uv;
                 o.worldPos = mul(unity_ObjectToWorld, v.vertex);
                 o.worldNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(v.normal);
                 TRANSFER_SHADOW(o);
                 return o;
             }
 
             fixed4 frag(v2f i) : SV_TARGET
             {
                 fixed4 t0 = tex2D(_Texture0, i.uv);
                 fixed4 t1 = tex2D(_Texture1, i.uv);
                 fixed4 t2 = tex2D(_Texture2, i.uv);
                 fixed4 t3 = tex2D(_Texture3, i.uv);
                 fixed4 tex = t0 * i.weight.x + t1 * i.weight.y + t2 * i.weight.z + t3 * i.weight.w;
 
                 fixed3 albedo = tex.rgb;
 
                 float3 worldLight = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceLightDir(i.worldPos));
                 float halfLambert = dot(worldLight, i.worldNormal) * 0.5 + 0.5;
                 fixed3 diffuse = albedo * _LightColor0.rgb * halfLambert;
 
                 float3 worldView = normalize(UnityWorldSpaceViewDir(i.worldPos));
                 float3 halfDir = normalize(worldView + worldLight);
                 fixed3 specular = albedo * _LightColor0.rgb * max(dot(halfDir, i.worldNormal), );
 
                 UNITY_LIGHT_ATTENUATION(atten, i, i.worldPos);
                 fixed4 col = fixed4((diffuse + specular ) * atten, tex.a);
 
                 return col;
             }
 
             ENDCG
         }
     }
 
     Fallback "Diffuse"
 }

Custom/Environment/LightedTerrain

光照效果如下：