springCloud3---ribbon

同一份代码，改变端口，就可以启动多个同名但是端口不一样的微服务。

客户端通过nginx来调用后面的多个用户微服务来实现负载均衡，这是服务端负载均衡。

客户端有一个组件，可以知道当前有几个用户微服务的ip和端口，客户端实现一个负载均衡算法，直接去调用用户微服务。Ribbon是实现了客户端负载均衡的组件。

Ribbon选择一个在同一个zone且负载少的eureka，从中拉取可用的服务提供者列表，放到客户端，然后在客户端实现一个负载均衡的算法，最后命中到某个节点。Ribbon提供了多种算法：轮询、随机、根据响应时间。默认负载均衡的策略是轮询。

通过代码自定义配置ribbon：

package com.itmuch.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.ribbon.RibbonClient;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.FilterType;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication

@EnableEurekaClient

@RibbonClient(name = "microservice-provider-user", configuration = TestConfiguration.class)

//@ComponentScan扫的是他所在的包和子包

@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @ComponentScan.Filter(type = FilterType.ANNOTATION, value = ExcludeFromComponentScan.class) })

public class ConsumerMovieRibbonApplication {

  @Bean

  @LoadBalanced//就一个注解。@LoadBalanced整合了ribbon,让RestTemplate具备负载均衡的能力

  public RestTemplate restTemplate() {

    return new RestTemplate();

  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    SpringApplication.run(ConsumerMovieRibbonApplication.class, args);

  }

}

package com.itmuch.cloud;

public @interface ExcludeFromComponentScan {

}

package com.itmuch.cloud;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.IRule;

import com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule;

@Configuration

@ExcludeFromComponentScan//否则所有的ribbon客户端都会使用RandomRule这个规则

public class TestConfiguration {

  //  @Autowired

  //  IClientConfig config;

  @Bean

  public IRule ribbonRule() {

    return new RandomRule(); //随机选取一个微服务，也可以自己定义路由规则。

  }

}

package com.itmuch.cloud.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.itmuch.cloud.entity.User;

@RestController

public class MovieController {

  @Autowired

  private RestTemplate restTemplate;

  @Autowired

  private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;

  @GetMapping("/movie/{id}")

  public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {

    // http://localhost:7900/simple/，microservice-provider-user是注册到eureka之后的一个虚拟主机名（页面有，microservice-provider-user工程的虚拟主机名）。

     //microservice-provider-user工程的配置文件中spring.application.name中定义。

    // VIP virtual IP。不再是通过服务提供者的ip和端口访问了。

    // HAProxy Heartbeat

    //spring:application:name:microservice-provider-user

    return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://microservice-provider-user/simple/" + id, User.class);

  }

  @GetMapping("/test")

  public String test() {

      //如果microservice-provider-user微服务有多个，可以看出命中的是哪个ip端口

    ServiceInstance serviceInstance = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("microservice-provider-user");

    System.out.println("111" + ":" + serviceInstance.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort());

    ServiceInstance serviceInstance2 = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("microservice-provider-user2");

    System.out.println("222" + ":" + serviceInstance2.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance2.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance2.getPort());

    return "1";

  }

}

spring:

  application:

    name: microservice-consumer-movie-ribbon #自己的工程名字

server:

  port: 8010

eureka:

  client:

    healthcheck:

      enabled: true

    serviceUrl:

      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka  #eureka server的地址

  instance:

    prefer-ip-address: true

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>microservice-consumer-movie-ribbon</artifactId>

    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <parent>

        <groupId>com.itmuch.cloud</groupId>

        <artifactId>microservice-spring-cloud</artifactId>

        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    </parent>

    <properties>

        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

        <java.version>1.8</java.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <!-- ribbon注册到eureka上面去 -->

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

通过配置文件自定义ribbon：

package com.itmuch.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication

@EnableEurekaClient

public class ConsumerMovieRibbonApplication {

  @Bean

  @LoadBalanced//就一个注解。@LoadBalanced整合了ribbon,让RestTemplate具备负载均衡的能力

  public RestTemplate restTemplate() {

    return new RestTemplate();

  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    SpringApplication.run(ConsumerMovieRibbonApplication.class, args);

  }

}

package com.itmuch.cloud.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.itmuch.cloud.entity.User;

@RestController

public class MovieController {

  @Autowired

  private RestTemplate restTemplate;

  @Autowired

  private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;

  @GetMapping("/movie/{id}")

  public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {

    // http://localhost:7900/simple/

    // VIP virtual IP

    // HAProxy Heartbeat

    ServiceInstance serviceInstance = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("microservice-provider-user");

    System.out.println("===" + ":" + serviceInstance.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort());

    return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://microservice-provider-user/simple/" + id, User.class);

  }

  @GetMapping("/test")

  public String test() {

    ServiceInstance serviceInstance = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("microservice-provider-user");

    System.out.println("111" + ":" + serviceInstance.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort());

    ServiceInstance serviceInstance2 = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("microservice-provider-user2");

    System.out.println("222" + ":" + serviceInstance2.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance2.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance2.getPort());

    return "1";

  }

}

spring:

  application:

    name: microservice-consumer-movie-ribbon

server:

  port: 8010

eureka:

  client:

    healthcheck:

      enabled: true

    serviceUrl:

      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka

  instance:

    prefer-ip-address: true

microservice-provider-user:   #请求这个微服务的时候

  ribbon:   #ribbon配置

    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule  #随机的rule去负载均衡

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>microservice-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties-customizing</artifactId>

    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <parent>

        <groupId>com.itmuch.cloud</groupId>

        <artifactId>microservice-spring-cloud</artifactId>

        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    </parent>

    <properties>

        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

        <java.version>1.8</java.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

Ribbon禁止eureka：

package com.itmuch.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication

@EnableEurekaClient

public class ConsumerMovieRibbonApplication {

  @Bean

  @LoadBalanced

  public RestTemplate restTemplate() {

    return new RestTemplate();

  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {

    SpringApplication.run(ConsumerMovieRibbonApplication.class, args);

  }

}

package com.itmuch.cloud.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import com.itmuch.cloud.entity.User;

@RestController

public class MovieController {

  @Autowired

  private RestTemplate restTemplate;

  @Autowired

  private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;

  @GetMapping("/movie/{id}")

  public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {

    // http://localhost:7900/simple/

    // VIP virtual IP

    // HAProxy Heartbeat

    ServiceInstance serviceInstance = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("microservice-provider-user");

    System.out.println("===" + ":" + serviceInstance.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort());

    return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://microservice-provider-user/simple/" + id, User.class);

  }

  @GetMapping("/test")

  public String test() {

    ServiceInstance serviceInstance = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("microservice-provider-user");

    System.out.println("111" + ":" + serviceInstance.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort());

    ServiceInstance serviceInstance2 = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("microservice-provider-user2");

    System.out.println("222" + ":" + serviceInstance2.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance2.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance2.getPort());

    return "1";

  }

}

spring:

  application:

    name: microservice-consumer-movie-ribbon

server:

  port: 8010

eureka:

  client:

    healthcheck:

      enabled: true

    serviceUrl:

      defaultZone: http://user:password123@localhost:8761/eureka

  instance:

    prefer-ip-address: true

ribbon:

  eureka:

   enabled: false    #禁止ribbon中的eureka

microservice-provider-user: #请求这个微服务的时候（此时这个微服务有7900.7901.7904三个微服务），只访问7900

  ribbon:

    listOfServers: localhost:7900

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>microservice-consumer-movie-ribbon-without-eureka</artifactId>

    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <parent>

        <groupId>com.itmuch.cloud</groupId>

        <artifactId>microservice-spring-cloud</artifactId>

        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    </parent>

    <properties>

        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

        <java.version>1.8</java.version>

    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>

        </dependency>

        <dependency>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>

        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

</project>

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