python 游戏(井字棋)

1. 游戏思路和流程图

实现功能,现实生活中的井字棋玩法

游戏流程图

2. 使用模块和游戏提示

import random

def game_info():
    print('欢迎来到井字棋游戏')
    print('输入数字1~9进行下棋')

3. 棋盘显示

def display_board(checkerboard):
    '''棋盘显示'''
    print(' '.join(checkerboard[6:9]))
    print(' '.join(checkerboard[3:6]))
    print(' '.join(checkerboard[:3]))

4. 用户下棋输入限制

def chess_limited(number,checkerboard):
    '''用户落棋限制
    :param number 用户输入
    :param checkerboard 棋盘列表
    :return 返回验证过的用户输入'''
    while True:
        if not number.isdigit():
            print('请输入整数数字')
        elif number not in '1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9'.split():
            print('请输入1~9之间的数字')
        elif checkerboard[int(number)-1]!='_':
            print('棋盘上已经有棋子了')
        else:
            break
        number = input()
    return int(number)

5. 双选验证

def Double_choice(a,b,hint):
    '''双选择验证函数
    :param a 第一个选项值
    :param b 第二个选项值
    :param hint 选项信息
    :return 返回输入值'''
    choice=''
    while choice.lower() !=a and choice.lower() !=b:
        print(hint)
        choice=input()
    return choice

6. 获胜验证

def referee(choice,checkerboard):
    '''判断谁胜利了还是平局'''
    if checkerboard[0] == choice and checkerboard[1] == choice and checkerboard[2] == choice:
        return True #123
    if checkerboard[3] == choice and checkerboard[4] == choice and checkerboard[5] == choice:
        return True #456
    if checkerboard[6] == choice and checkerboard[7] == choice and checkerboard[8] == choice:
        return True #789
    if checkerboard[0] == choice and checkerboard[3] == choice and checkerboard[6] == choice:
        return True #147
    if checkerboard[1] == choice and checkerboard[4] == choice and checkerboard[7] == choice:
        return True #258
    if checkerboard[2] == choice and checkerboard[5] == choice and checkerboard[8] == choice:
        return True #369
    if checkerboard[2] == choice and checkerboard[4] == choice and checkerboard[6] == choice:
        return True #357
    if checkerboard[0] == choice and checkerboard[4] == choice and checkerboard[8] == choice:
        return True #159
    return False

6. 用户落子处理

def user_play(user_choice,checkerboard):
    '''用户选择落子点
    :param user_choice 用户所选棋子
    :param checkerboard 棋盘列表
    :param 返回用户落子完后的棋盘列表'''
    print('请你选择落子点')
    number=chess_limited(input(),checkerboard)
    checkerboard[number-1]=user_choice
    return checkerboard

7. 电脑落子处理

def compute_play(compute_choice,checkerboard):
    '''电脑选择落子点(电脑ai)
    :param compute_choice 电脑所选的棋子
    :param checkerboard 棋盘
    :return 电脑下过的棋盘'''
    copy_win=compute_win(compute_choice,checkerboard)
    if copy_win: #电脑获胜
        checkerboard=copy_win
        return checkerboard
    user_win=prevent_user_win(compute_choice, checkerboard)
    if user_win: #阻止用户获胜
        checkerboard = user_win
        return checkerboard
    angle=choice_random(compute_choice,checkerboard,[0,2,6,8])
    if angle: #角落点
        checkerboard =angle
        return checkerboard
    center=choice_random(compute_choice,checkerboard,[4])
    if center: #中心落点
        checkerboard = center
        return checkerboard
    side = choice_random(compute_choice, checkerboard, [1, 3, 5, 7])
    if side: #边落点
        checkerboard =side
        return checkerboard
    return checkerboard

8. 电脑获胜

def compute_win(compute_choice,checkerboard):
    '''获胜的方法(模拟算法)
    :return 获胜的棋盘, False 没有可落子的地方'''
    compute_choice=compute_choice.lower()
    for i in range(9):
        copy_board = checkerboard.copy()
        if copy_board[i]=='_':
            copy_board[i]=compute_choice
            if referee(compute_choice,copy_board):
                checkerboard[i] = compute_choice
                return checkerboard
    return False

9. 阻止玩家获胜

def prevent_user_win(compute_choice,checkerboard):
    '''阻止玩家获胜(模拟玩家获胜下子)
    :return 阻止用户获胜的棋盘 False 没有可以阻止的落子'''
    user_choice = 'O' if compute_choice.lower() == 'x' else 'X'
    user_choice=user_choice.lower()
    for i in range(9):
        copy_board = checkerboard.copy()
        if copy_board[i] == '_':
            copy_board[i] = user_choice
            if referee(user_choice, copy_board):
                #成功阻止玩家获胜....
                checkerboard[i]=compute_choice
                return checkerboard
    return False

10. 电脑随机落点

def choice_random(compute_choice,checkerboard,choice_list):
    '''随机下棋点'''
    for i in choice_list:
        if checkerboard[i]=='_':
            checkerboard[i]=compute_choice
            return checkerboard
    return False

11. 游戏主程序

def game_start(user_choice,sequence_flag):
    '''游戏核心处理
    :param user_choice 用户所选棋子
    :param sequence_flag 决定先后手'''
    checkerboard=['_' for i in range(9)] #棋盘列表
    compute_choice = 'O' if user_choice.lower()=='x' else 'X'
    if sequence_flag: #显示棋盘
        print('玩家先走')
    else:
        checkerboard=compute_play(compute_choice,checkerboard) #电脑先走棋盘
        print('电脑先走')
    while True:
        display_board(checkerboard)
        checkerboard = user_play(user_choice, checkerboard)
        if referee(user_choice,checkerboard):
            print('用户赢了...')
            display_board(checkerboard)
            break
        checkerboard = compute_play(compute_choice, checkerboard)
        if referee(compute_choice,checkerboard):
            print('电脑赢了...')
            display_board(checkerboard)
            break
        if '_' not in checkerboard:
            print('平局...')
            display_board(checkerboard)
            break

12. 游戏外壳

def game_shell():
    '''外壳程序'''
    game_info()  # 游戏开始提示
    user_choice = Double_choice('x', 'o', hint='请选择你的棋子 X or O')
    sequence_flag = random.randint(0, 1)
    game_start(user_choice,sequence_flag)
    while True:
        message='你想在玩一次吗(Y or N)'
        again_flag=Double_choice('y','n',message)
        if again_flag=='n':
            break
        if sequence_flag:
            sequence_flag=0
        else:
            sequence_flag=1
        game_start(user_choice,sequence_flag)

13. 运行游戏

game_shell()

python学习途径

本游戏参考书本 <<Python游戏编程快速上手>>

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