LeetCode11 Container With Most Water
题意:
Given n non-negative integers a1, a2, ..., an, where each represents a point at coordinate (i, ai). n vertical lines are drawn such that the two endpoints of line i is at (i, ai) and (i, 0). Find two lines, which together with x-axis forms a container, such that the container contains the most water.
Note: You may not slant the container.
分析:
自己做的时候脑子并不是很清楚(帮老板画图画的...),不过一步一步优化也算AC了。但是看着跑的时间那么高就知道肯定不是最优,
学习讨论区后知道了O(n)算法的思路并实现,思考历程记录如下:
1.暴力先写一个,把所有区间来一遍,O(n^2)。当然肯定超时...代码还是记录一下吧
class Solution {
public:
int maxArea(vector<int>& height) {
int result = ;
for (int i = ; i < height.size(); ++i) {
for (int j = ; j < i; ++j) {
int h = i - j;
int l = min (height[i], height[j]);
result = max(result, h * l);
}
}
return result;
}
};
2. 不按照区间走,按照不同高度,高度依次向上时,找到符合该高度的最长区间(两头扫),然后比较。
高度用个map存,代码如下:(分析时间复杂度O(m*n*logm) m不同高度的数量),诸如1,2,3...15000全是不同高度数字的样例也会超时
class Solution {
public:
int maxArea(vector<int>& height) {
set<int> s;
for (int i = ; i < height.size(); ++i) {
s.insert(height[i]);
}
auto itr = s.begin();
int result = (*itr) * (height.size() - );
for ( itr = s.begin(); itr != s.end(); ++itr) {
int left = , right = height.size() - ;
while (height[left] < (*itr) ) {
++left;
}
while (height[right] < (*itr) ) {
--right;
}
result = max(result, (right - left) * (*itr) );
}
return result;
}
};
3.分析上述代码,其实left,right这里根本没必要每次都从头遍历。因为height是递增的,所以left,right在上一次基础上继续走即可。
所以代码内层只需一遍遍历,复杂度O(m*logm),这个可以AC了。
class Solution {
public:
int maxArea(vector<int>& height) {
set<int> s;
for (int i = ; i < height.size(); ++i) {
s.insert(height[i]);
}
auto itr = s.begin();
int result = ;
int left = , right = height.size() - ; //这句优化!
for (itr = s.begin(); itr != s.end(); ++itr) {
while (height[left] < (*itr) ) {
++left;
}
while (height[right] < (*itr) ) {
--right;
}
result = max(result, (right - left) * (*itr) );
}
return result;
}
};
4.实际上,也没有必要按照高度存储和遍历。
注意到如果从最大长度区间开始向内遍历,只有当高度更高时才有可能更新面积(因为长度已经比之前小),所以,两根指针一遍遍历即可。O(n)
代码:
class Solution {
public:
int maxArea(vector<int>& height) {
int i = , j = height.size() - , result = ;
while (i < j) {
int minHeight = min(height[i], height[j]);
result = max(result, minHeight * (j - i));
while (height[i] <= minHeight) {
i++;
}
while (height[j] <= minHeight) {
j--;
}
}
return result;
}
};
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