Spider-Python爬虫之PyQuery基本用法
1.安装方法
pip install pyquery
2.引用方法
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
3.简介
pyquery 是类型jquery 的一个专供python使用的html解析的库,使用方法类似bs4。
4.使用方法
4.1 初始化方法:
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
doc =pq(html) #解析html字符串
doc =pq("http://news.baidu.com/") #解析网页
doc =pq("./a.html") #解析html 文本
4.2 基本CSS选择器
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div id="wrap">
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
'''
doc = pq(html)
print doc("#wrap .s_from link")
运行结果:
<link href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
#是查找id的标签 .是查找class 的标签 link 是查找link 标签 中间的空格表示里层
4.3 查找子元素
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div id="wrap">
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
'''
#查找子元素
doc = pq(html)
items=doc("#wrap")
print(items)
print("类型为:%s"%type(items))
link = items.find('.s_from')
print(link)
link = items.children()
print(link)
运行结果:
<div id="wrap">
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
类型为:<class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'>
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul> <ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
根据运行结果可以发现返回结果类型为pyquery,并且find方法和children 方法都可以获取里层标签
4.4查找父元素
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
''' doc = pq(html)
items=doc(".s_from")
print(items)
#查找父元素
parent_href=items.parent()
print(parent_href)
运行结果:
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul> <div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
parent可以查找出外层标签包括的内容,与之类似的还有parents,可以获取所有外层节点
4.5 查找兄弟元素
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link class='active1 a123' href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='active2' href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='movie1' href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
''' doc = pq(html)
items=doc("link.active1.a123")
print(items)
#查找兄弟元素
siblings_href=items.siblings()
print(siblings_href)
运行结果:
<link class="active1 a123" href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link> <link class="active2" href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class="movie1" href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
根据运行结果可以看出,siblings 返回了同级的其他标签
结论:子元素查找,父元素查找,兄弟元素查找,这些方法返回的结果类型都是pyquery类型,可以针对结果再次进行选择
4.6 遍历查找结果
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link class='active1 a123' href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='active2' href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='movie1' href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
''' doc = pq(html)
its=doc("link").items()
for it in its:
print(it)
运行结果:
<link class="active1 a123" href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link> <link class="active2" href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link> <link class="movie1" href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
4.7获取属性信息
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link class='active1 a123' href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='active2' href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='movie1' href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
''' doc = pq(html)
its=doc("link").items()
for it in its:
print(it.attr('href'))
print(it.attr.href)
运行结果:
http://asda.com
http://asda.com
http://asda1.com
http://asda1.com
http://asda2.com
http://asda2.com
4.8 获取文本
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link class='active1 a123' href="http://asda.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='active2' href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='movie1' href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
''' doc = pq(html)
its=doc("link").items()
for it in its:
print(it.text())
运行结果
asdadasdad12312
asdadasdad12312
asdadasdad12312
4.9 获取 HTML信息
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link class='active1 a123' href="http://asda.com"><a>asdadasdad12312</a></link>
<link class='active2' href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='movie1' href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
''' doc = pq(html)
its=doc("link").items()
for it in its:
print(it.html())
运行结果:
<a>asdadasdad12312</a>
asdadasdad12312
asdadasdad12312
5.常用DOM操作
5.1 addClass removeClass
添加,移除class标签
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link class='active1 a123' href="http://asda.com"><a>asdadasdad12312</a></link>
<link class='active2' href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='movie1' href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
''' doc = pq(html)
its=doc("link").items()
for it in its:
print("添加:%s"%it.addClass('active1'))
print("移除:%s"%it.removeClass('active1'))
运行结果
添加:<link class="active1 a123" href="http://asda.com"><a>asdadasdad12312</a></link> 移除:<link class="a123" href="http://asda.com"><a>asdadasdad12312</a></link> 添加:<link class="active2 active1" href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link> 移除:<link class="active2" href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link> 添加:<link class="movie1 active1" href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link> 移除:<link class="movie1" href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
需要注意的是已经存在的class标签不会继续添加
5.2 attr css
attr 为获取/修改属性 css 添加style属性
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link class='active1 a123' href="http://asda.com"><a>asdadasdad12312</a></link>
<link class='active2' href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='movie1' href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
''' doc = pq(html)
its=doc("link").items()
for it in its:
print("修改:%s"%it.attr('class','active'))
print("添加:%s"%it.css('font-size','14px'))
运行结果
C:\Python27\python.exe D:/test_his/test_re_1.py
修改:<link class="active" href="http://asda.com"><a>asdadasdad12312</a></link> 添加:<link class="active" href="http://asda.com" style="font-size: 14px"><a>asdadasdad12312</a></link> 修改:<link class="active" href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link> 添加:<link class="active" href="http://asda1.com" style="font-size: 14px">asdadasdad12312</link> 修改:<link class="active" href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link> 添加:<link class="active" href="http://asda2.com" style="font-size: 14px">asdadasdad12312</link>
attr css操作直接修改对象的
5.3 remove
remove 移除标签
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link class='active1 a123' href="http://asda.com"><a>asdadasdad12312</a></link>
<link class='active2' href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='movie1' href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
''' doc = pq(html)
its=doc("div")
print('移除前获取文本结果:\n%s'%its.text())
it=its.remove('ul')
print('移除后获取文本结果:\n%s'%it.text())
运行结果
移除前获取文本结果:
hello nihao
asdasd
asdadasdad12312
asdadasdad12312
asdadasdad12312
移除后获取文本结果:
hello nihao
其他DOM方法参考: 请点击
6.伪类选择器
from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
html = '''
<div href="wrap">
hello nihao
<ul class="s_from">
asdasd
<link class='active1 a123' href="http://asda.com"><a>helloasdadasdad12312</a></link>
<link class='active2' href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class='movie1' href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
</ul>
</div>
''' doc = pq(html)
its=doc("link:first-child")
print('第一个标签:%s'%its)
its=doc("link:last-child")
print('最后一个标签:%s'%its)
its=doc("link:nth-child(2)")
print('第二个标签:%s'%its)
its=doc("link:gt(0)") #从零开始
print("获取0以后的标签:%s"%its)
its=doc("link:nth-child(2n-1)")
print("获取奇数标签:%s"%its)
its=doc("link:contains('hello')")
print("获取文本包含hello的标签:%s"%its)
运行结果
第一个标签:<link class="active1 a123" href="http://asda.com"><a>helloasdadasdad12312</a></link> 最后一个标签:<link class="movie1" href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link> 第二个标签:<link class="active2" href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link> 获取0以后的标签:<link class="active2" href="http://asda1.com">asdadasdad12312</link>
<link class="movie1" href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link> 获取奇数标签:<link class="active1 a123" href="http://asda.com"><a>helloasdadasdad12312</a></link>
<link class="movie1" href="http://asda2.com">asdadasdad12312</link> 获取文本包含hello的标签:<link class="active1 a123" href="http://asda.com"><a>helloasdadasdad12312</a></link>
更多css选择器可以查看: 请点击
Spider-Python爬虫之PyQuery基本用法的更多相关文章
- python爬虫---selenium库的用法
python爬虫---selenium库的用法 selenium是一个自动化测试工具,支持Firefox,Chrome等众多浏览器 在爬虫中的应用主要是用来解决JS渲染的问题. 1.使用前需要安装这个 ...
- Python爬虫之PyQuery使用(六)
Python爬虫之PyQuery使用 PyQuery简介 pyquery能够通过选择器精确定位 DOM 树中的目标并进行操作.pyquery相当于jQuery的python实现,可以用于解析HTML网 ...
- Python爬虫之BeautifulSoup的用法
之前看静觅博客,关于BeautifulSoup的用法不太熟练,所以趁机在网上搜索相关的视频,其中一个讲的还是挺清楚的:python爬虫小白入门之BeautifulSoup库,有空做了一下笔记: 一.爬 ...
- python爬虫神器PyQuery的使用方法
你是否觉得 XPath 的用法多少有点晦涩难记呢? 你是否觉得 BeautifulSoup 的语法多少有些悭吝难懂呢? 你是否甚至还在苦苦研究正则表达式却因为少些了一个点而抓狂呢? 你是否已经有了一些 ...
- 【Python爬虫】selenium基础用法
selenium 基础用法 阅读目录 初识selenium 基本使用 查找元素 元素互交操作 执行JavaScript 获取元素信息 等待 前进后退 Cookies 选项卡管理 异常处理 初识sele ...
- python爬虫之PyQuery的基本使用
PyQuery库也是一个非常强大又灵活的网页解析库,如果你有前端开发经验的,都应该接触过jQuery,那么PyQuery就是你非常绝佳的选择,PyQuery 是 Python 仿照 jQuery 的严 ...
- python爬虫之pyquery学习
相关内容: pyquery的介绍 pyquery的使用 安装模块 导入模块 解析对象初始化 css选择器 在选定元素之后的元素再选取 元素的文本.属性等内容的获取 pyquery执行DOM操作.css ...
- 【Python爬虫】PyQuery解析库
PyQuery解析库 阅读目录 初始化 基本CSS选择器 查找元素 遍历 获取信息 DOM操作 伪类选择器 PyQuery 是 Python 仿照 jQuery 的严格实现.语法与 jQuery 几乎 ...
- python爬虫---requests库的用法
requests是python实现的简单易用的HTTP库,使用起来比urllib简洁很多 因为是第三方库,所以使用前需要cmd安装 pip install requests 安装完成后import一下 ...
- Python爬虫系列-PyQuery详解
强大又灵活的网页解析库.如果你觉得正则写起来太麻烦,如果你觉得BeautifulSoup语法太难记,如果你熟悉jQuery的语法,那么PyQuery就是你的最佳选择. 安装 pip3 install ...
随机推荐
- 版本管理工具SVN的使用
一.安装服务器端和客户端 需要的软件: 1.服务器端:SlikSVN,下载传送门:http://www.sliksvn.com/en/download/ 2.客户端:“乌龟”,下载传送门:http:/ ...
- JAVA值传递和引用传递 以及 实参是否改变
八大数据类型和String 在进行传递的时候 不会改变. 八大数据类型 public class parameterValue { //值传递 public static void main(Str ...
- socket servlet webservice 区别及使用场景
原文地址: http://blog.csdn.net/sdjkjsdh/article/details/51569481 1. Socket:使用TCP/IP或者UDP协议在服务器与客户端之间进行传输 ...
- _bzoj1031 [JSOI2007]字符加密Cipher【后缀数组】
传送门:http://www.lydsy.com/JudgeOnline/problem.php?id=1031 保存后缀数组模版. 其实如果数据范围小一点,或者空间限制再大一点,或者甚至只要字母表再 ...
- 题解报告:hdu 2844 & poj 1742 Coins(多重部分和问题)
Problem Description Whuacmers use coins.They have coins of value A1,A2,A3...An Silverland dollar. On ...
- Service官方教程(3)Bound Services
Bound Services 1.In this document The Basics Creating a Bound Service Extending the Binder class Usi ...
- C#---数据库访问通用类、Access数据库操作类、mysql类 .[转]
原文链接 //C# 数据库访问通用类 (ADO.NET)using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;using Sy ...
- vue学习之遇见的问题
1.本地图片加载不出来 错误原因:图片放置位置不对: 解决方法:需要将图片放在static文件夹里
- Sql中创建事务处理
Create Procedure MyProcedure AS Begin Set NOCOUNT ON; Set XACT_ABORT ON; --这句话非常重要 begin try Begin T ...
- json两层解析
public class Demo { public static void main(String[] args) { try { // 创建连接 服务器的连接地址 URL url = new UR ...