OpenGL学习--开发环境

1. VS2017 Professional安装

1.1. 下载

mu_visual_studio_professional_2017_x86_x64_10049787.exe

1.2. 双击开始安装

双击mu_visual_studio_professional_2017_x86_x64_10049787.exe开始安装

安装完成后重启计算机

1.3. 启动

点击菜单中的【Visual Studio 2017】启动

1.4. 注册

输入以下序列号

Visual Studio 2017 Key
企业版：Enterprise:
NJVYC-BMHX2-G77MM-4XJMR-6Q8QF
专业版：Professional
KBJFW-NXHK6-W4WJM-CRMQB-G3CDH

2. OpenGL环境配置

https://www.opengl.org/sdk/libs/

1.5. GLEW（OpenGL Extension Wrangler Library）

GLEW is an open-source cross-platform extension loading library with thread-safe support for multiple rendering contexts and automatic code generation capability. GLEW provides easy-to-use and efficient methods for checking OpenGL extensions and core functionality.

GLEW是一个跨平台的C++扩展库，基于OpenGL图形接口。使用OpenGL的朋友都知道，window目前只支持OpenGL1.1的函数，但 OpenGL现在都发展到2.0以上了，要使用这些OpenGL的高级特性，就必须下载最新的扩展，另外，不同的显卡公司，也会发布一些只有自家显卡才支持的扩展函数，你要想用这数函数，不得不去寻找最新的glext.h,有了GLEW扩展库，你就再也不用为找不到函数的接口而烦恼，因为GLEW能自动识别你的平台所支持的全部OpenGL高级扩展函数。也就是说，只要包含一个glew.h头文件，你就能使用gl,glu,glext,wgl,glx的全部函数。GLEW支持目前流行的各种操作系统（including Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, FreeBSD, Irix, and Solaris）。

1.5.1. 下载

https://sourceforge.net/projects/glew/?source=typ_redirect

1.5.2. 配置

1.5.2.1. glew.dll

bin/glew32.dll

%SystemRoot%/system32

1．

将

glew-2.0.0\bin\Release\Win32\glew32.dll

glew-2.0.0\bin\Release\Win32\glewinfo.exe

glew-2.0.0\bin\Release\Win32\visualinfo.exe

复制到

C:\Windows\System32

目录下

将

glew-2.0.0\bin\Release\x64\glew32.dll

glew-2.0.0\bin\Release\x64\glewinfo.exe

glew-2.0.0\bin\Release\x64\visualinfo.exe

复制到

C:\Windows\SysWOW64

目录下

1.5.2.2. glew32.lib

lib/glew32.lib to {VC Root}/Lib

1.将

glew-2.0.0-win32\glew-2.0.0\lib\Release\Win32\glew32.lib

glew-2.0.0-win32\glew-2.0.0\lib\Release\Win32\glew32s.lib

复制到

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.10.25017\lib\x86

目录下

2.将

glew-2.0.0-win32\glew-2.0.0\lib\Release\x64\glew32.lib

glew-2.0.0-win32\glew-2.0.0\lib\Release\x64\glew32s.lib

复制到

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.10.25017\lib\x64

目录下

1.5.2.3. glew.h和wglew.h

include/GL/glew.h to {VC Root}/Include/GL

include/GL/wglew.h to {VC Root}/Include/GL

将

glew-2.0.0-win32\glew-2.0.0\include\GL

复制到

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.10.25017\include\GL

目录下

1.6. GLFW

GLFW is a free, Open Source, multi-platform library for OpenGL, OpenGL ES and Vulkan application development. It provides a simple, platform-independent API for creating windows, contexts and surfaces, reading input, handling events, etc.

1.6.1. 下载

http://www.glfw.org/

1.6.2. 配置

1.6.2.1. glfw3.dll

bin/glfw3.dll

%SystemRoot%/system32

1．

将

glfw-3.2.1.bin.WIN32\lib-vc2015\glfw3.dll

复制到

C:\Windows\System32

目录下

将

glfw-3.2.1.bin.WIN64\lib-vc2015\glfw3.dll

复制到

C:\Windows\SysWOW64

目录下

1.6.2.2. glfw3.lib

1.将

glfw-3.2.1.bin.WIN32\lib-vc2015\glfw3.lib

glfw-3.2.1.bin.WIN32\lib-vc2015\glfw3dll.lib

复制到

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.10.25017\lib\x86

目录下

2.将

glfw-3.2.1.bin.WIN64\lib-vc2015\glfw3.lib

glfw-3.2.1.bin.WIN64\lib-vc2015\glfw3dll.lib

复制到

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.10.25017\lib\x64

目录下

1.6.2.3. glfw3.h

D:\glfw-3.2.1\include

将

glfw-3.2.1.bin.WIN64\include\GLFW

复制到

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.10.25017\include\GLFW

目录下

1.7. GLM

OpenGL Mathematics (GLM) is a header only C++ mathematics library for graphics software based on the OpenGL Shading Language (GLSL) specifications.

GLM provides classes and functions designed and implemented with the same naming conventions and functionality than GLSL so that anyone who knows GLSL, can use GLM as well in C++.

This project isn't limited to GLSL features. An extension system, based on the GLSL extension conventions, provides extended capabilities: matrix transformations, quaternions, data packing, random numbers, noise, etc...

1.7.1. 下载

https://github.com/g-truc/glm

1.7.2. 配置

将glm-0.9.8.4\glm目录复制到

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.10.25017\include\

目录下

1.8. SOIL

SOIL is a tiny C library used primarily for uploading textures into OpenGL. It is based on stb_image version 1.16, the public domain code from Sean Barrett (found here). I have extended it to load TGA and DDS files, and to perform common functions needed in loading OpenGL textures. SOIL can also be used to save and load images in a variety of formats (useful for loading height maps, non-OpenGL applications, etc.)

1.8.1. 下载

http://www.lonesock.net/soil.html

1.8.2. 配置

1.8.2.1. libSOIL.a

1.将

soil\Simple OpenGL Image Library\lib\libSOIL.a

复制到

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.10.25017\lib\x86

和

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.10.25017\lib\x64

目录下

2.将libSOIL.a重命名为libSOIL.lib

1.8.2.2. SOIL.h

将

soil\Simple OpenGL Image Library\src\SOIL.h

复制到

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.10.25017\include

目录下

3. 项目测试

3.1. 项目环境配置

注意：对于GLEW和SOIL采用的是用静态链接库的方式

3.2. 测试代码

#include <iostream>

// GLEW

#define GLEW_STATIC

#include <GL/glew.h>

// GLFW

#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>

// Function prototypes

void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode);

// Window dimensions

const GLuint WIDTH = 800, HEIGHT = 600;

// Shaders

const GLchar* vertexShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"

"layout (location = 0) in vec3 position;\n"

"void main()\n"

"{\n"

"gl_Position = vec4(position.x, position.y, position.z, 1.0);\n"

"}\0";

const GLchar* fragmentShaderSource = "#version 330 core\n"

"out vec4 color;\n"

"void main()\n"

"{\n"

"color = vec4(1.0f, 0.5f, 0.2f, 1.0f);\n"

"}\n\0";

// The MAIN function, from here we start the application and run the game loop

int main()

{

std::cout << "Starting GLFW context, OpenGL 3.3" << std::endl;

// Init GLFW

glfwInit();

// Set all the required options for GLFW

glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR, 3);

glfwWindowHint(GLFW_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR, 3);

glfwWindowHint(GLFW_OPENGL_PROFILE, GLFW_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE);

glfwWindowHint(GLFW_RESIZABLE, GL_FALSE);

// Create a GLFWwindow object that we can use for GLFW's functions

GLFWwindow* window = glfwCreateWindow(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "LearnOpenGL", nullptr, nullptr);

glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);

// Set the required callback functions

glfwSetKeyCallback(window, key_callback);

// Set this to true so GLEW knows to use a modern approach to retrieving function pointers and extensions

glewExperimental = GL_TRUE;

// Initialize GLEW to setup the OpenGL Function pointers

glewInit();

// Define the viewport dimensions

int width, height;

glfwGetFramebufferSize(window, &width, &height);

glViewport(0, 0, width, height);

// Build and compile our shader program

// Vertex shader

GLuint vertexShader = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);

glShaderSource(vertexShader, 1, &vertexShaderSource, NULL);

glCompileShader(vertexShader);

// Check for compile time errors

GLint success;

GLchar infoLog[512];

glGetShaderiv(vertexShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);

if (!success)

{

glGetShaderInfoLog(vertexShader, 512, NULL, infoLog);

std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::VERTEX::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;

}

// Fragment shader

GLuint fragmentShader = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);

glShaderSource(fragmentShader, 1, &fragmentShaderSource, NULL);

glCompileShader(fragmentShader);

// Check for compile time errors

glGetShaderiv(fragmentShader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &success);

if (!success)

{

glGetShaderInfoLog(fragmentShader, 512, NULL, infoLog);

std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::FRAGMENT::COMPILATION_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;

}

// Link shaders

GLuint shaderProgram = glCreateProgram();

glAttachShader(shaderProgram, vertexShader);

glAttachShader(shaderProgram, fragmentShader);

glLinkProgram(shaderProgram);

// Check for linking errors

glGetProgramiv(shaderProgram, GL_LINK_STATUS, &success);

if (!success) {

glGetProgramInfoLog(shaderProgram, 512, NULL, infoLog);

std::cout << "ERROR::SHADER::PROGRAM::LINKING_FAILED\n" << infoLog << std::endl;

}

glDeleteShader(vertexShader);

glDeleteShader(fragmentShader);

// Set up vertex data (and buffer(s)) and attribute pointers

//GLfloat vertices[] = {

// // First triangle

// 0.5f, 0.5f, // Top Right

// 0.5f, -0.5f, // Bottom Right

// -0.5f, 0.5f, // Top Left

// // Second triangle

// 0.5f, -0.5f, // Bottom Right

// -0.5f, -0.5f, // Bottom Left

// -0.5f, 0.5f // Top Left

//};

GLfloat vertices[] = {

0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f, // Top Right

0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // Bottom Right

-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f, // Bottom Left

-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f // Top Left

};

GLuint indices[] = { // Note that we start from 0!

0, 1, 3, // First Triangle

1, 2, 3 // Second Triangle

};

GLuint VBO, VAO, EBO;

glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);

glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);

glGenBuffers(1, &EBO);

// Bind the Vertex Array Object first, then bind and set vertex buffer(s) and attribute pointer(s).

glBindVertexArray(VAO);

glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);

glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, EBO);

glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(indices), indices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

glVertexAttribPointer(0, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 3 * sizeof(GLfloat), (GLvoid*)0);

glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);

glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0); // Note that this is allowed, the call to glVertexAttribPointer registered VBO as the currently bound vertex buffer object so afterwards we can safely unbind

glBindVertexArray(0); // Unbind VAO (it's always a good thing to unbind any buffer/array to prevent strange bugs), remember: do NOT unbind the EBO, keep it bound to this VAO

// Uncommenting this call will result in wireframe polygons.

//glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE);

// Game loop

while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))

{

// Check if any events have been activiated (key pressed, mouse moved etc.) and call corresponding response functions

glfwPollEvents();

// Render

// Clear the colorbuffer

glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);

glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

// Draw our first triangle

glUseProgram(shaderProgram);

glBindVertexArray(VAO);

//glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 6);

glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, 6, GL_UNSIGNED_INT, 0);

glBindVertexArray(0);

// Swap the screen buffers

glfwSwapBuffers(window);

}

// Properly de-allocate all resources once they've outlived their purpose

glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VAO);

glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);

glDeleteBuffers(1, &EBO);

// Terminate GLFW, clearing any resources allocated by GLFW.

glfwTerminate();

return 0;

}

// Is called whenever a key is pressed/released via GLFW

void key_callback(GLFWwindow* window, int key, int scancode, int action, int mode)

{

if (key == GLFW_KEY_ESCAPE && action == GLFW_PRESS)

glfwSetWindowShouldClose(window, GL_TRUE);

}

3.3. 测试结果

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

glm OpenGL的数学库,定义了很多关于向量、矩阵的操作，简洁迅速。
glfw 跨平台的对窗口资源的一个抽象库。
glad 针对不同的显卡驱动有不同的OpenGL实现，glad帮助我们隐藏这些差别欢快的使用OpenGL。
stb_image 轻量级的读取图片的库
assimp 轻量级读取模型的库