pxe自动化批量安装系统（Centos7）

PXE：preboot execute environment

环境实现：主服务器ip：10.0.10.1

1 tfpt

trivial简单文件共享服务，基于udp协议工作；

加载系统安装程序；

69/udp

[root@t2 ~]# yum list *tftp*

[root@t2 ~]# yum install tftp tftp-server

[root@t2 ~]# rpm -ql tftp-server

 /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

 /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.service

 /usr/lib/systemd/system/tftp.socket

 /usr/sbin/in.tftpd

 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2

 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/CHANGES

 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/README

 /usr/share/doc/tftp-server-5.2/README.security

 /usr/share/man/man8/in.tftpd..gz

 /usr/share/man/man8/tftpd..gz

 /var/lib/tftpboot           # 默认共享路径

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start tftp.service

2 dhcp

dynamic host configuration protocol

提供地址池（租约）；不能跨路由器；

能提供的信息包括：ip, netmask, gateway, dns server, dns search domain, nis server, lease time

C/S：

Client ：68/udp

Server：67/udp

C S C S

dhcpdiscover-->dhcppoffer-->dhcprequest-->dhcpack

注：因VM虚拟机提供dhcp服务功能，故测试不能使用自带的三种用户模式，应自建虚拟网络。

ifconfig eth1 10.0.10.1/24 up

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install dhcp

[root@t2 ~]# rpm -ql dhcp

cp -p /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

[root@t2 ~]# cat /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

dhcpd.conf

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start dhcpd.service

通过另外一台服务器配置dhcp设置网卡后，在dhcp服务器上存在租赁记录：

[root@t2 /etc/dhcp]# tail /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases

dhcpd.leases

 lease 10.0.10.11 {

   starts  // ::;

   ends  // ::;

   cltt  // ::;

   binding state active;

   next binding state free;

   rewind binding state free;

   hardware ethernet :0c::e3:ea:af;

   client-hostname "t3";

 }

3 http

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install httpd

[root@t2 ~]# cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf|grep IncludeOptional

#IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf

[root@t2 ~]# systemctl start httpd.service

mount /dev/sr0 /var/www/html/Centos7

准备系统文件：

[root@t2 ~]# yum -y install syslinux

[root@t2 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# cp /media/cdrom/images/pxeboot/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# cp /usr/share/syslinux/{chain.c32,mboot.c32,menu.c32,memdisk} /var/lib/tftpboot/

[root@t2 ~]# mkdir -pv /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg

[root@t2 ~]# cat pxelinux.cfg/default

 default menu.c32

 prompt

 timeout

 MENU TITLE Hello , luomr

 LABEL linux

 MENU LABEL Install CentOS / x86_64

 KERNEL vmlinuz

 APPEND initrd=initrd.img inst.repo=http://10.0.10.1/Centos7 ks=http://10.0.10.1/ks.cfg

default

确认文件：

[root@t2 /var/lib/tftpboot]# ls

chain.c32 mboot.c32 menu.c32 pxelinux.cfg

initrd.img memdisk pxelinux.0 vmlinuz

4 ks.cfg

注：以下为ks.cfg内容，可直接复制粘贴使用

[root@t2 ~]# cp ks.cfg /var/www/html/

 #platform=x86, AMD64, 或 Intel EM64T

 #version=DEVEL

 # Install OS instead of upgrade

 install

 # Keyboard layouts

 keyboard 'us'

 # Root password

 rootpw --plaintext

 # Use network installation

 url --url="http://10.0.10.1/Centos7"

 # System language

 lang zh_CN

 # Firewall configuration

 firewall --disabled

 # System authorization information

 auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512

 # Use graphical install

 graphical

 # SELinux configuration

 selinux --disabled

 # Do not configure the X Window System

 skipx

 # Network information

 network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0

 # Reboot after installation

 reboot

 # System timezone

 timezone Asia/Shanghai

 # System bootloader configuration

 bootloader --location=mbr

 # Partition clearing information

 clearpart --all --initlabel

 # Disk partitioning information

 part /boot --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=

 part /usr/local --fstype="ext4" --ondisk=sda --size=

 part swap --fstype="swap" --ondisk=sda --size=

 part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --ondisk=sda --size=

 %packages

 @development

 @remote-system-management

 ElectricFence

 ant

 babel

 bzr

 chrpath

 cmake

 cvs

 expect

 imake

 ksc

 lrzsz

 libstdc++-docs

 mercurial

 nasm

 net-tools

 perltidy

 rpmdevtools

 rpmlint

 vim

 systemtap-sdt-devel

 systemtap-server

 %end

 %post --interpreter=/bin/sh

 #!/bin/bash

 #by luomr

 #deploy yum

 rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo

 cat>/etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << EOF

 [Centos7]

 name=This is a local repo

 baseurl=http://10.0.10.1/Centos7

 enabled=1

 gpgcheck=0

 EOF

 yum clean all && yum list

 #network

 systemctl restart network.service

 ifconfig |grep inet|awk 'NR==1{print $2}' >/tmp/ip_local

 ip=`cat /tmp/ip_local`

 #nwn : network name

 nwn=`ifconfig |grep eno|awk -F: '{print $1}'`

 path_n=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-"$nwn"

 sed -i 's/BOOTPROTO=dhcp/BOOTPROTO=static/g' $path_n

 cat>>$path_n <<EOF

 IPADDR=$ip

 NETMASK=255.255.255.0

 EOF

 ifdown $nwn && ifup $nwn

 %end

ks.cfg

配置完毕，测试，本人实操成功！