Web从入门到放弃<2>

<添加debug-toolbar>

django现在1.11是必须这么做:

pip install django-debug-toolbar

设置1:

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    'django.contrib.admin',

    'django.contrib.auth',

    'django.contrib.contenttypes',

    'django.contrib.sessions',

    'django.contrib.messages',

    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

    'polls',

    'debug_toolbar',

]

设置2:

INTERNAL_IPS = ('127.0.0.1',)

MIDDLEWARE = [

    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

    'debug_toolbar.middleware.DebugToolbarMiddleware',

]

主要的urls.py里添加:

import debug_toolbar

url(r'^__debug__/', include(debug_toolbar.urls)),

如果还没显示出来，我通过f12看了下，一个jquery-min.js没加载，是要翻墙吗！！！！！！！！！果然翻墙好了。。。。CNM的天朝,CNM的天朝CNM的天朝CNM的天朝CNM的天朝CNM的天朝CNM的天朝

实现:

<body style="background-color: #222222">

<h1 style="text-align: center;background-color: #555555;

color:white;font-family: Source Code Pro;border-radius: 10px"> Questions </h1>

{% if latest_question_list %}

    <ul type="none">

    {% for question in latest_question_list %}

        <li style="color: white;;font-family: Source Code Pro">

            <a href="/polls/{{ question.id }}/">{{ question.question_text }}</a>

        </li>

    {% endfor %}

    </ul>

{% else %}

    <p>No polls are available.</p>

{% endif %}

</body>

index.html

对应的polls/views.py 里的index函数:

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.shortcuts import render

from django.http import HttpResponse,Http404

from .models import Question

from django.template import loader

from django.shortcuts import render,get_object_or_404

"""

def index(request):

    latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]

    output = ', '.join([q.question_text for q in latest_question_list])

    return HttpResponse(output)

"""

"""

def index(request):

    latest_question_list = Question.objects.order_by('-pub_date')[:5]

    print latest_question_list

    template = loader.get_template('polls/index.html')

    context = {

        'latest_question_list': latest_question_list,

    }

    return HttpResponse(template.render(context, request))

"""

def index(request):

    latest_question_list = Question.objects.all()

    context = {'latest_question_list':latest_question_list}

    return render(request,'polls/index.html',context)

修改index.html之: 主要用div的layout(参考http://www.w3school.com.cn/html/html_layout.asp)

<head>

    <style>

        #header {

            background-color: black;

            color: white;

            text-align: center;

            padding: 5px;

            font-family: Consolas;

        }

        #nav {

            line-height: 30px;

            background-color: #eeeeee;

            height: 300px;

            width: 100px;

            float: left;

            padding: 5px;

            font-family: Consolas;

        }

        #section {

            width:auto;

            float: left;

            padding: 10px;

            color:white;

            text-align: center;

            font-family: Consolas;

        }

        #footer {

            background-color: black;

            color: white;

            clear: both;

            text-align: center;

            padding: 5px;

            font-family: Consolas;

        }

    </style>

</head>

<body style="background-color: #222222">

<!-- Header-->

<div id="header">

    <h1> Questions </h1>

</div>

<!-- nav -->

<div id="nav">

    {% if latest_question_list %}

        {% for question in latest_question_list %}

            <a href="/polls/{{ question.id }}/"> {{ question.question_text }}</a><br>

        {% endfor %}

    {% else %}

        <p>No polls are available.</p>

    {% endif %}

</div>

<!-- section -->

<div id="section">

<p>please select a production get more details</p>

</div>

<!-- footer -->

<div id="footer">

    <p> copyright gearslogy </p>

</div>

</body>

动态的获取跳转页面:

这样做的好处是我们现在是polls/urls.py定义的是这个路径:

url(r'^([0-9]+)/$',views.detail,name='detail'),

index.html里是:

<a href="/polls/{{ question.id }}/">{{ question.question_text }}</a>

其实这个是非常不好的方法，这个会导致你写死/polls/1

但是可以看到在urls.py里有name = 'detail'，可以用下面的做法:

<a href="{% url 'detail' question.id %}"> {{question.question_text}}</a>

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>Questions</title>

</head>

<body>

{% for question in latest_question_list %}

    <ul>

        <a href="{% url 'detail' question.id %}"> {{question.question_text}}</a>

    </ul>

{% endfor %}

</body>

</html>

从下面开始将用python3开始项目。受不了文档中他妈的各种部适合

<1>数据库再次尝试:

查看models的api如何工作的:

from django.db import models

import datetime

from django.utils import timezone

# Create your models here.

class Question(models.Model):

    question_text = models.CharField(max_length= 200,help_text='Question text')

    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('data published')

    def __str__(self):

        return self.question_text

    def was_published_recently(self):

        return self.pub_date >= timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1)

class Choice(models.Model):

    question = models.ForeignKey(Question,on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    choice_text = models.CharField(max_length =200)

    votes = models.IntegerField(default=0)

    def __str__(self):

        return self.choice_text

class RelativeStuff(models.Model):

    question = models.ForeignKey(Question,on_delete=models.CASCADE)

    stuff_name = models.CharField(max_length = 200)

models.py

Choice和RelativeStuff都关联了Question

则Question类会有个动态对象是choice_set , relativestuff_set

如果

q = Question.objects.get(id=1) # 获取一个Question对象

q.choice_set.create(choice_text = 'Not much', votes = 10) #直接会插入数据库中

如下执行3次:

数据库直接就插入数据:

<2>1天撸一个表格程序:

实现细节: 静态文件:

要在你的html引用static文件:

{% load staticfiles %}

然后:

<head>

    <meta charset="utf-8">

    <title> Gearslogy</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">

    <script src="{% static 'js/jquery.min.js' %}"></script>

    <script src="{% static 'js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script>

</head>

base.html:

{% load staticfiles %}

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

    <meta charset="utf-8">

    <title> Gearslogy</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}">

    <script src="{% static 'js/jquery.min.js' %}"></script>

    <script src="{% static 'js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script>

</head>

<body>

<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top" role="navigation" >

    <div class="container-fluid" >

    <div class="navbar-header">

        <a class="navbar-brand" href="{% url 'polls:index' %}">Home</a>

    </div>

    <div>

        <ul class="nav navbar-nav" >

            <li class="active"><a href="">Tables</a></li>

            <li class="dropdown">

                <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">

                    Products <b class="caret"></b>

                </a>

                <ul class="dropdown-menu">

                    {% for question in question_list %}

                        <li><a href="{% url 'polls:detail' question.id %}"> {{ question.question_text }} </a></li>

                    {% endfor %}

                </ul>

            </li>

        </ul>

    </div>

    </div>

</nav>

<br>

<br>

<br>

<div>

    {% block primary %} {% endblock %}

</div>>

</body>

</html>

主页index.html

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block primary %}

<table class="table table-hover">

  <caption>悬停表格布局</caption>

  <thead>

    <tr>

        {% for h in header %}

            <td> {{ h }} </td>

        {% endfor %}

    </tr>

  </thead>

  <tbody>

    <tr>

      <td>Tanmay</td>

      <td>Bangalore</td>

      <td>560001</td>

    </tr>

    <tr>

      <td>Sachin</td>

      <td>Mumbai</td>

      <td>400003</td>

    </tr>

    <tr>

      <td>Uma</td>

      <td>Pune</td>

      <td>411027</td>

    </tr>

  {% for sd in data %}

      <tr>

          {% for d in sd  %}

              <td>{{ d }}</td>

          {% endfor %}

      </tr>

  {% endfor %}

  </tbody>

</table>

{% endblock %}

另外一个细节:如果你要漏油一个图片:

views.py

def viewImage(request):

    return HttpResponse('<img src="/static/image/test.jpg"> HelloWorld </img>')

urls.py

from django.urls import path

from . import views

app_name = 'polls'

urlpatterns = [

    path('',views.index,name='index'),

    path('<int:question_id>/',views.detail,name='detail'),

    path('<int:question_id>/results/',views.results,name='results'),

    path('<int:question_id>/vote/',views.vote,name='vote'),

    path('view/',views.viewImage,name='viewImage'),

]

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