【SpringCloud】Re04 Gateway

微服务网关：

1、身份认证 和 权限校验

2、服务路由、负载均衡

3、请求限流

搭建服务网关：

网关是一个独立的服务，同样需要被注册中心注册到，这里依然使用的是Nacos

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud-demo</artifactId>
        <groupId>cn.itcast.demo</groupId>
        <version>1.0</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>gateway</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--nacos服务注册发现依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--网关gateway依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>app</finalName>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

网关信息配置：

server:
  port: 10010
logging:
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway
  cloud:
    nacos:
      server-addr: nacos:8848 # nacos地址
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: user-service # 路由标示，必须唯一
          uri: lb://userservice # 路由的目标地址
          predicates: # 路由断言，判断请求是否符合规则
            - Path=/user/** # 路径断言，判断路径是否是以/user开头，如果是则符合
        - id: order-service
          uri: lb://orderservice
          predicates:
            - Path=/order/**
      default-filters:
        - AddRequestHeader=Truth,Itcast is freaking awesome!

server:
  port: 10010
logging:
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway
  cloud:
    nacos:
      server-addr: nacos:8848 # nacos地址
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: user-service # 路由标示，必须唯一
          uri: lb://userservice # 路由的目标地址
          predicates: # 路由断言，判断请求是否符合规则
            - Path=/user/** # 路径断言，判断路径是否是以/user开头，如果是则符合
        - id: order-service
          uri: lb://orderservice
          predicates:
            - Path=/order/**
      default-filters:
        - AddRequestHeader=Truth,Itcast is freaking awesome!

网关过滤器配置：

server:
  port: 10010
logging:
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway
  cloud:
    nacos:
      server-addr: nacos:8848 # nacos地址
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: user-service # 路由标示，必须唯一
          uri: lb://userservice # 路由的目标地址
          predicates: # 路由断言，判断请求是否符合规则
            - Path=/user/** # 路径断言，判断路径是否是以/user开头，如果是则符合
        - id: order-service
          uri: lb://orderservice
          predicates:
            - Path=/order/**
      default-filters:
        - AddRequestHeader=Truth,Itcast is freaking awesome!

全局过滤器

package cn.itcast.gateway;

import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain;
import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter;
import org.springframework.core.Ordered;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange;
import reactor.core.publisher.Mono;

// @Order(-1) 表示过滤顺序
@Component
public class AuthorizeFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered {
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) {
        // 1.获取请求参数
        ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest();
        MultiValueMap<String, String> params = request.getQueryParams();
        // 2.获取参数中的 authorization 参数
        String auth = params.getFirst("authorization");
        // 3.判断参数值是否等于 admin
        if ("admin".equals(auth)) {
            // 4.是，放行
            return chain.filter(exchange);
        }
        // 5.否，拦截
        // 5.1.设置状态码
        exchange.getResponse().setStatusCode(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED);
        // 5.2.拦截请求
        return exchange.getResponse().setComplete();
    }

    @Override // 表示过滤顺序
    public int getOrder() {
        return -1;
    }
}

网关跨域攻击问题处理：

server:
  port: 10010
logging:
  level:
    cn.itcast: debug
  pattern:
    dateformat: MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway
  cloud:
    nacos:
      server-addr: nacos:8848 # nacos地址
    gateway:
      routes:
        - id: user-service # 路由标示，必须唯一
          uri: lb://userservice # 路由的目标地址
          predicates: # 路由断言，判断请求是否符合规则
            - Path=/user/** # 路径断言，判断路径是否是以/user开头，如果是则符合
        - id: order-service
          uri: lb://orderservice
          predicates:
            - Path=/order/**
      default-filters:
        - AddRequestHeader=Truth,Itcast is freaking awesome!\
      globalcors: # 全局跨域处理
        add-to-simple-url-handler-mapping: true # 加入到简易URL处理器映射 是
        cors-configurations:
          '[/**]': # 路径格式， 所有路径
            allowedOrigins: # 允许哪些网站跨域请求
              - "http://localhost:8090"
              - "http://localhost:8091"
            allowedMethods: # 允许的请求方式
              - "GET"
              - "POST"
              - "PUT"
              - "DELETE"
              - "OPTIONS"
              - "HEADER"
            allowedHeaders: "*" # 允许在请求头中携带信息
            allowedCrendentials: true # 允许带Cookie
            maxAge: 360000 # 跨域检测的有效期？